加快欠发达区域城镇化建设步伐的策略探讨

文章在分析城镇化建设的实质与意义及发展趋势的基础上,剖析了欠发达区域加快城镇化建设面临的深层问题和机遇,提出了加快欠发达区域城镇化建设步伐的对策建议。     

黑龙江地区既有居住建筑节能改造实践的学习研究

在我国北方严寒地区城市,大量的既有建筑进行了节能改造。普遍采用外墙外保温措施以及具有地方特色的建筑元素,但是如果各改造分项配合措施不得当就会降低节能改造的效果。文章从影响建筑节能改造中的各个分项着手,对于既有建筑改造过程中各分项配合以及外墙保温做法问题提出一些技术改进建议。     

广西高校校园媒体发展状况调查与分析

通过以广西为个案对广西高校校园媒体相关要素进行调查并进行数据统计分析,从而掌握民族地区高校媒体的发展现状,进一步深化民族地区高校校园媒体对于构建和谐校园、促进校园文化生态环境可持续发展的重要性的认识。     

中国省际资本流动规模实证研究

基于市场交易中资金与货物流向相反的逻辑,以地区货物和服务净流出减去其净出口的相反数来测算中国省际资本流动的规模,并分析其制度成因。结果表明:1980—2008年东部为资本净流入地区,中部为资本净流出地区,而西部则为持续的资本净流出地区;在东部地区内,京津冀为资本净流入地区,长三角和珠三角为资本净流出地区。资本跨地区流动的制度成因在于地方政府行为生成的内生交易费用差异,因而地区产业投资环境建设的重点在于持续降低当地的内生交易费用。在推进区域产业转移和产业升级过程中,可置信的保护产权的承诺等良好的公共治理对于改善地区投资环境必不可少。     

欠发达地区统筹城乡：有序推进土地管理制度改革——基于成渝改革试验区的实践

统筹城乡的关键是解决好＂三农＂问题,而土地问题又是解决＂三农＂问题的核心。为了真正实现＂以城带乡、以工促农、城乡互动、协调发展＂的战略目标,必须有序推进农村土地管理制度改革,充分盘活农村土地资源和资产,使农村土地由潜在的社会财富升华为统筹城乡发展。文章认为,借鉴成渝改革试验区的实践,从农村土地问题的原因及寻求的解决途径来看,欠发达地区农村土地管理制度改革应确立的总体思路是：做实产权主体,稳定、巩固和完善农村土地承包经营制度,放开、搞活和规范农村集体建设用地。     

Farmer Gone Fish'n? Swidden Decline and the Rise of Grouper Fishing on Palawan Island,the Philippines

Considerable research has focused on understanding how upland farmers adjust land‐based livelihoods to the influences of agrarian change in Southeast Asia. In the process, an ‘upland bias’ has emerged where researchers focus narrowly on the uplands as localities with distinct, coherent features, neglecting how families engage place, social relations and ethnicity as they access opportunities in proximate spaces. This paper considers how the Tagbanua – long considered an upland swidden people – have ‘stepped back’ from swidden agriculture due to declining yields and debt to harvest the lucrative grouper (e.g. Plectropomus leopardus). We show how Tagbanua families on Palawan Island have adjusted swidden as they negotiate social relations, ethnic cleavages and economic barriers to effectively engage the grouper industry. Rather than cast such farmers and fishers as ideal types in place, we argue that how they negotiate social relations creates new livelihood opportunities in varied environments, reinforcing the dynamic, recursive context of agrarian change.     

‘Freedom from Poverty is Not for Free’: Rural Development and the Microfinance Crisis in Andhra Pradesh,India

Within neoliberal development discourse, the poor are represented as entrepreneurial subjects for whom integration into formalized financial systems can facilitate their escape from poverty. This paper examines how the 2010 microfinance crisis in Andhra Pradesh reveals significant fault lines that underlie this narrative. It argues that the crisis of microfinance in Andhra Pradesh needs to be placed within the context of severe agrarian dislocations stemming from the impact of trade liberalization, drought cycles and a transformation of rural social relations. The contradictions are most strikingly represented in increasing rural differentiation and a generalized crisis of social reproduction among land‐poor farmers and landless labourers. A massive influx of microfinance – driven by both state‐operated programmes and private‐sector institutions leveraged with cross‐border financial flows – found a ready clientele among various agrarian classes seeking to bolster consumption and roll over debt in conditions of significant uncertainty and distress. Yet in banking on this vulnerability, microfinance institutions socialized the contradictions of rural Andhra Pradesh and have ultimately been thrown into limbo through the unleashing of political and social forces unforeseen in neoliberal narratives of agrarian change.     

Agricultural holdings with undefined boundaries,communal systems and counter‐hegemonies: The persistence of the peasantry in Argentina

The presence of agricultural holdings with undefined boundaries (AHUBs) and their heterogeneous geographical distribution questions the supposed hegemony of agribusiness in Argentina. Given the lack of defined boundaries, these holdings generate a communal culture among dwellers, which is reflected in both the strategies of the use of commons and the initiatives for the defence of land in the conflicts between peasants and entrepreneurs. This article describes two counter‐enclosure experiences that were generated and have developed on the bedrock of AHUBs and a communal matrix. Those defence strategies are employed by families that possess the land but have not title to it, being a defence tactic against attempts of eviction. AHUB not only is a new census category that allows us to enhance our knowledge of the rural world but also proposes modes of production that differ from those of the capitalist model, showing possible counter‐hegemonic development alternatives that arise from the practices used in these holdings.     

中国分地区进出口贸易与经济增长关系研究

从1981～2004年的统计数据看,我国同亚洲、非洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲、北美洲和大洋洲地区的进出口贸易与我国经济增长之间具有内在关系。我国同各地区的进出口贸易对经济增长的贡献存在明显差异。就长期而言,我国对欧洲地区的出口贸易对经济增长的贡献率最大,进口方面则是从北美洲的进口对我国经济增长的贡献率最大。这一结论为我国贸易政策的分地区调整提供了实证依据。     

农牧交错地带种植业中的降水利用--以内蒙古伊金霍洛旗为例

农牧交错地带在我国农业生产中占有十分重要的地位,而水资源又是该地区农业发展瓶颈。以内蒙古伊金堆洛旗为例,对农牧交错地带种植业中自然降水资源的利用进行了分析,认为由于降水不合宜,地力不足,盲目开垦和水分利用率低,存在着粮豆单产严重依赖降水且产量不高的问题,并从作物,水,地力等方面提出了对策。