Economic Potential of Biomass Based Fuels for Greenhouse Gas Emission Mitigation

Use of biofuels diminishes fossil fuelcombustion thereby also reducing net greenhousegas emissions. However, subsidies are neededto make agricultural biofuel productioneconomically feasible. To explore the economicpotential of biofuels in a greenhouse gasmitigation market, we incorporate data onproduction and biofuel processing for thedesignated energy crops switchgrass, hybridpoplar, and willow in an U.S. AgriculturalSector Model along with data on traditionalcrop-livestock production and processing, andafforestation of cropland. Net emissioncoefficients on all included agriculturalpractices are estimated through crop growthsimulation models or taken from the literature. Potential emission mitigation policies ormarkets are simulated via hypothetical carbonprices. At each carbon price level, theAgricultural Sector Model computes the newmarket equilibrium, revealing agriculturalcommodity prices, regionally specificproduction, input use, and welfare levels,environmental impacts, and adoption ofalternative management practices such asbiofuel production. Results indicate no rolefor biofuels below carbon prices of $40 perton of carbon equivalent. At these incentivelevels, emission reductions via reduced soiltillage and afforestation are more costefficient. For carbon prices above $70,biofuels dominate all other agriculturalmitigation strategies.     

黑龙江省农产品物流SWOT分析

近年来，随着农产品产量的增加和经营的放开，农产品物流环境发生了很大变化，不可控制因素变得更加复杂。本文通过对黑龙江省农产品物流现状进行SWOT分析．分别阐述了黑龙江省农产品物流的优势、劣势、机会、威胁等。指出只有完善农产品物流体系，抓好规模经营．提高组织化程度，才能更好地发展现代农业。     

我国农产品流通体系建设的现状、问题和新思路

当前，农业进一步发展的主要矛盾已经从生产领域转向市场流通领域：国内农产品市场面临进一步开放的严峻挑战，农户小生产与流通大市场的矛盾将更加突出。在此背景下，本文分析了我国农产品流通体系的基本现状和存在的主要问题，并在此基础上提出了建设我国农产品流通体系的新思路。     

发展湖北现代农业物流的思考

针对农业市场的物流需求,指出创建湖北现代农业物流管理体系的重要性,并在分析当前湖北农业物流存在问题,明确现代农业物流内涵的基础上,结合湖北实际,探讨了发展湖北现代农业物流的构想。     

农业发展新阶段的市域农业结构问题与调整--以衡阳市为例

本文以衡阳市为实证，回顾了市域农业结构的形成、演变过程，指出目前的市域农业结构存在市场适应、组织构筑和动力机制等三方面的主要问题。文章提出了市域农业结构调整的三大原则和四个调整方向，并结合实际提出了两点具有可操作性的建议。     

试论农村信用社内部控制的现状、薄弱环节与完善对策

当前,农村信用社改革试点工作已到了关键时刻.农村信用社改革的成败不仅直接关系到自身的健康发展,而且关系着社会主义新农村建设的进程,因此,针对农村信用社目前内部控制中依然存在的各种问题和薄弱环节,加强制度建设,完善内控机制,切实防范各种金融风险就显得尤为重要.     

农地利用技术创新的类型与模式研究

农地利用技术是一个多层次的体系，它能在扩大耕地面积、提高土地利用率和耕地质量等多方面发挥重要作用。通过对“市场机制自发作用下的技术选择”和“政府引导下的技术选择”两种现实模式的探讨，认为技术创新具有外部性，土地利用更是具有明显的“外溢效应”，加上我国农业比较利益偏低和农地使用权流转市场发育不全带来的农地价格扭曲，常造成市场机制下技术创新的方向与资源稀缺状况不相符合的现象，从而带来资源配置的低效率。因此，适当的政府引导是必要的，也是有效的。     

Bioenergy Crop Production in the United States: Potential Quantities, Land Use Changes, and Economic Impacts on the Agricultural Sector

The U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Energyjointly analyzed the economic potential for,and impacts of, large-scale bioenergy cropproduction in the United States. Anagricultural sector model (POLYSYS) wasmodified to include three potential bioenergycrops (switchgrass, hybrid poplar, and willow). At farmgate prices of US $2.44/GJ, anestimated 17 million hectares of bioenergycrops, annually yielding 171 million dry Mg ofbiomass, could potentially be produced at aprofit greater than existing agricultural usesfor the land. The estimate assumes highproductivity management practices are permittedon Conservation Reserve Program lands. Traditional crops prices are estimated toincrease 9 to 14 percent above baseline pricesand farm income increases annually by US $6.0billion above baseline.At farmgate prices of US $1.83/GJ, anestimated 7.9 million hectares of bioenergycrops, annually yielding 55 million dry Mg ofbiomass, could potentially be produced at aprofit greater than existing agricultural usesfor the land. The estimate assumes managementpractices intended to achieve highenvironmental benefits on Conservation ReserveProgram lands. Traditional crops prices areestimated to increase 4 to 9 percent abovebaseline prices and farm income increasesannually by US $2.8 billion above baseline.     

工业共生效益分析——以九发工业园为例

本文在深入阐述工业共生及其效益的基础上,以九发工业园为例,详细分析了涉农企业发展生态工业园带来的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益,指出涉农企业应立足农业特点,借鉴工业生态学原理,积极构建农工商结合的生态产业体系。     

农业产业化经营中利益相关者关系、目标选择与实现方式

本文指出,农业产业化经营的利益相关者是农业价值创造和价值实现的重要影响因素,正确处理好利益相关者关系,有利于保障和提升农业利益,有利于农业价值创造与农业价值实现,这包括农户与龙头企业、政府、中介组织、合作经济组织以及龙头企业与协会之间的关系。农业产业化经营要以产业运作过程商品化、利益分配合理化等方式,实现农业价值创造最大化和农业价值分配最优化的农业产业化目标。