地区水资源条件对小型水利工程产权制度改革的影响探讨

水资源短缺和农业用水浪费是中国的怪现象.由于我国小型水利工程的产权主体单一,制约了工程的管理和利用效率.小型水利工程产权制度改革是按营利组织的模式安排水利工程产权,有利于调动工程经营者提高水利工程运行效率的积极性.因此,水利工程产权制度改革必然会大大促进节约用水.     

珠江三角洲的经济发展与水文环境变迁

简介珠江三角洲自然环境概况与经济发展概况。指出对经济发展产生影响的水文环境变迁的现象是：河滩、河道及海湾水域面积减少、河网下垫面剧烈改变、水污染加剧、成潮上溯、生态环境恶化。提出水资源与经济协调发展对策：建立可靠的水资源与水环境的保障体系、认同经济与环境协调发展的理念。提出发展策略建议：加强水资源统一管理，及早建立区域协商机制，加大治理力度，完善国民经济的水资源保障体系。     

太湖流域水资源承载力研究

界定了水资源承载力的相关概念，简介太湖流域的水资源特点，从水资源承载力的基本概念出发，根据水资源承载能力的内涵和特征，用简单明确的模型来定义和估算了太湖流域水资源承载能力。根据计算得出了太湖流域水资源超载的结论，并从可持续发展的角度提出了水资源修复的对策。     

“长治”工程与农村经济发展

分析了农村水利基础设施、坡改梯、沼气池、经济林果等“长治”工程实施对治理区农村经济发展影响；同时分析了“长治”工程实施前后治理区农民生计模式的变化。     

新疆维吾尔自治区供、用水量分析

分析新疆维吾尔自治区供、用水量的历史和现状，并通过区域水量平衡分析，用于校核供、用水量合理性，以期客观反映水资源开发利用情况，预测未来的可能变化趋势，为新疆维吾尔自治区水资源可持续利用和合理配置提供规划基础和依据。     

农地非农化与人类活动的动力学演化分析

研究目的:建立农地非农化与人类经济活动、人口增长的非线性动力学模型。研究方法:数学建模与数值模拟。研究结果:(1)当农地承载力较大时,可持续利用的土地资源总量可维持在一个较低的水平,农地非农化水平较高。(2)过度的农地非农化、低效率土地资源利用等一些减小资源承载力的人类活动,都将导致人口—土地资源系统作较快的非周期运动,而剧烈的变化意味着灾变。(3)农地非农化水平一定时,提高经济发展水平,可促使土地资源持续利用。(4)当前,大量的农地被非农化,提高土地资源承载力尤为重要。研究结论:农地非农化—人口增长—经济发展是一个复杂非线性系统,不同的土地利用和人口发展方向,将形成不同的平衡态,进而导致系统演化趋势迥异。     

Information Exchange and Distributional Implications of Price Discrimination with Internet Marketing in Agriculture

A price discrimination model is proposed to explain why firms provide extraneous information on Internet sites selling agricultural inputs. Whether an informative site is offered depends on price discrimination potential, which depends on how much farmers reveal heterogeneity by Internet behavior. Price discrimination is greater if information benefits are negatively correlated with farm size (or other characteristics), explaining why extraneous (not product-related) information is offered on Internet sales sites. Price discrimination adversely affects some farmers but may be beneficial on average because it generates free information. Outcomes depend on whether Internet users are aware of price differentials on the basis of clickstream information.     

The potential impact of markets for irrigation water in Italy and Spain: a comparison of two study areas*

The viability of irrigated systems in Southern Europe is closely linked to efficient institutional settings and water‐allocation mechanisms. A significant, although not widely used, mechanism for water allocation is an intra‐sectorial water market. The objective of this paper is to evaluate to what extent water markets may contribute to the improvement of the efficiency of water allocation and to the profitability of irrigated agriculture. The related issues of water allocation among farm types and farm specialisation are also addressed. The analysis is based on a basin‐level linear programming model, comparing the situation with and without a market. It includes both fixed and variable transaction costs and estimates their combined effects on market performances. The model is applied in two areas in Southern Italy and Spain, and simulates the behaviour of different farm types, derived from cluster analysis on a sample of farms in each area. The paper confirms that water markets could potentially improve the economic efficiency of water use, in terms of higher profit per hectare, given limited water availability. The potential improvements are associated with a more intense specialisation of farms and are strongly differentiated among farmers, particularly where significant restrictions to water availability occur. This corroborates the expectations of institutional difficulties in implementing water markets. However, the exchanges, and consequently the potential effects of water markets, are heavily affected by the actual level of water availability, as well as the size and the structure (fixed vs. proportional) of transaction costs. The paper calls for a more in‐depth analysis of the connections between market performances and institutional settings, as related to the issue of water‐agriculture policy design and coordination.     

关于水权概念探讨

针对目前在水权研究中关于水权概念的多种解释，通过辩析，提出了新的水权观：水权不是水的所有权，而是水资源利用者按照法律的规定或约定从水体中获取水资源并使用的权利，是取水权和使用权的统一。     

现代农业园区土地经营模式探讨

我国现代农业园区仍处在初级发展阶段,诸多方面都有待规范与整合。针对现代农业园区面临的主要问题,文章提出了解决现代农业科技园区诸多矛盾的思路,主要体现在确定土地经营的性质,规范发展方向与模式,确定土地经营的收益分配原则;并从法律法规的完善、园区规划的审批、规划执行和经营过程中的监管以及农户利益的保障等方面提出了应对措施。