城市园林绿地的生态效益

从生态学角度论述了城市园林绿地的生态效益,论证了绿色植物对城市环境的重要性.     

产品内贸易、技术创新与中国企业可持续发展

在科技革命和经济全球化的共同作用下，特别是随着FDI的增长和跨国公司的全球布点，传统意义上的以商品贸易为基础的国际分工正在被打破，国际分工逐步深入到企业内部，分工方式由产业间分工向产业内部产品分工和要素分工延伸。本文以当前新贸易现象为实践基础，以贸易分工理论为理论基础，初步构建产品内贸易的理论模型及其利益分配机制，从产品内分工视角分析产品内贸易模式对发展中国家贸易条件的影响，并认为中国企业应该在国际分工价值链上进行攀升，进行技术创新，提升在国际贸易中的地位，化比较优势为竞争优势，实现企业的可持续发展。     

现代物流业实施战略联盟的利益分析

在经济蓬勃发展的21世纪，物流行业作为一个集商流、资金流、信息流为一体的新兴产业，已经是国民经济必不可少的一部分，并与其社会经济发展总体水平密切相关。文章通过探讨物流及物流管理的概念，分析了现代物流行业的特点。从供应链管理的角度来说，“战略联盟就是物流渠道中两个独立实体为实现特殊的目标和利益确立的契约关系。”物流行业实施战略联盟可以获得的利益主要有适应企业外部环境的变化、满足供应链管理的内部机制的要求、弥补战略缺口、寻求战略优势，提升客户价值、降低交易成本、获取战略资源等等。     

物流市场供需的动态弹性分析

运用系统动力学的思想,通过对物流市场特点的分析,借助于动态弹性分析手段建立了物流市场供需的动态弹性模型。根据模型的结果模拟出了物流市场的供需趋势图,并借助于一个实例进行了具体运用,较准确的预测出物流市场的供需趋势,为决策提供了很好的支持。     

高技术产业与经济增长关联性的实证分析

文章通过1995～2004年高技术产业的相关数据,建立了数学模型,运用实证分析的方法,求得我国和典型地区高技术产业各行业对GDP的产出弹性,得出不同地区均有各自优势行业的结论,同时还分析了高技术产业对我国三次产业的调整作用,为我国高技术产业发展规划提供决策参考。     

论制度变迁的成本约束

制度变迁的关键是成本约束，这是制度本身产生的根本性要求。制度变迁是成本和收益相权衡和比较的产物，制度设计和安排必须充分考虑到制度变迁的成本和收益，减少制度变迁的阻力，提高制度运行的效率。     

Declining Discount Rates: The Long and the Short of it

The last few years have witnessed important advances in our understanding of time preference and social discounting. In particular, several rationales for the use of time-varying social discount rates have emerged. These rationales range from the ad hoc to the formal, with some founded solely in economic theory while others reflect principles of intergenerational equity. While these advances are to be applauded, the practitioner is left with a confusing array of rationales and the sense that almost any discount rate can be justified. This paper draws together these different strands and provides a critical review of past and present contributions to this literature. In addition to this we highlight some of the problems with employing DDRs in the decision-making process, the most pressing of which may be time inconsistency. We clarify their practical implications, and potential pitfalls, of the more credible rationales and argue that some approaches popular in environmental economics literature are ill-conceived. Finally, we illustrate the impact of different approaches by examining global warming and nuclear power investment. This includes an application and extension of Newell and Pizer [‘Discounting the benefits of climate change mitigation : how much do uncertain rates increase valuations?’ Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 46 (2003) 52] to UK interest rate data.     

区域经济发展综合效益及其协调程度研究：以陕西省“八五”时期为例

本文提出“综合效益协调度”和“综合效益协同度”两个新指数。分别用来衡量综合效益发展水平及发展过程的协调程度。同时,选取具有较好代表性的指标群,对陕西省各地市“八五”期间经济发展的综合效益水平、综合效益协调程度、综合效益递增幅度及递增过程中的协同程度等进行了分析。并指出存在的问题和可能的对策。     

World Oil Depletion Models: Price effects compared with strategic or technological interventions

World oil depletion, including natural gas liquids, was modelled in the past by many authors. Recently, Guseo and Dalla Valle have introduced and Guidolin has applied a new approach following perturbed life-cycle diffusion models. Here we examine joint effects of economic and strategic or technological interventions using a Generalized Bass Model (GBM). Statistical analysis takes into account three different hierarchical levels: natural diffusion, long memory interventions and stochastic components. The main results confirm the statistical significance of historical 1970s shocks and highlight a strong long memory effect due to an increase in oil production after World War II. The estimated peak-date, 2007, and the 90% depletion time, 2019, are determined under an equilibrium intervention hypothesis.