购销广告中的数学学问

本文通过对需求市场的分析，得出人们的潜在购买量随广告费的增加而增大。但实际需求量是随机的。为使问题简化，并做出定量分析，本文假定实际需求量服从均匀分布，并用数学方法确定广告费和购进量的最优值。     

Inflation Adjustment and Labour Market Structures: Evidence from a Multi‐country Study*

The impact of labour market structures on the response of inflation to macroeconomic shocks is analysed empirically. Results based on a 20‐country panel show that if labour market coordination is high, the effect on inflation of movements in unemployment, import prices, tax rates and productivity is dampened, both on impact and dynamically. In contrast, monopoly power in labour supply, measured by the percentage unionisation of the workforce, appears to amplify the response of inflation to its reduced‐form determinants. These findings are attributed to the behaviour of wages following movements in demand‐ and supply‐side conditions.     

我国钢铁企业技术创新能力分布及演变态势研究

本文依据我国20家大中型上市钢铁企业1998～2013年各项技术创新指标的面板数据,在对企业技术创新能力进行综合评价的基础上,运用非参数Kernel密度估计方法及马尔可夫链分析模型,对我国钢铁企业技术创新能力的分布及发展演变态势进行了研究,研究结果显示：①我国钢铁企业技术创新能力呈现出“单峰→双峰→单峰”的演变规律,钢铁企业技术创新能力水平总体上都得到了一定程度的提高,但不同钢铁企业技术创新能力的发展速度和水平呈现出明显的不平衡性;②不同钢铁企业Kernel密度分布状态与企业所在地区铁矿资源禀赋和工业经济发展水平存在高度关联性;③钢铁企业技术创新能力经过长期发展和积累过程,客观上存在着低水平状态逐渐向高水平状态转移的现实可能性,但由于不同钢铁企业自身的差异性特征,技术创新能力发展将表现出不同步性;④加快企业优化重组和提高生产能力集中度、加强现代高新技术对钢铁产业的改造和升级、加大政府政策引导和科技资金投入是实现钢铁企业技术创新能力快速提升的重要途径。     

Financial density selection

We propose and study simple but flexible methods for density selection of skewed versions of the two most popular density classes in finance, the exponential power distribution and the t distribution. For the first type of method, which simply consists of selecting a density by means of an information criterion, the Schwarz criterion stands out since it performs well across density categories, and in particular when the DGP is normal. For the second type of method, general-to-specific density selection, the simulations suggest that it can improve the recovery rate in predictable ways by changing the significance level. This is useful because it enables us to increase (reduce) the recovery rate of non-normal densities by increasing (reducing) the significance level, if one wishes to do so. The third type of method is a generalisation of the second type, such that it can be applied across an arbitrary number of density classes, nested or non-nested. Finally, the methods are illustrated in an empirical application.     

县域经济发展的空间集聚特征与优化思路--以重庆市为例

地区之间人口集聚程度和经济集聚程度的差异是现实世界中普遍存在的特征和事实,这个变化趋势在全球范围内迄今依然是有增无减,而且集聚的大潮将不可阻挡。因此本文以经济密度和集聚程度作为主要指标,对重庆市2010年38个区县的集聚发展状况进行了分析,分析结果表明各区县的集聚发展并不平衡,具体可以划分为4个不同的集聚发展类型。从空间格局上看,主要呈现出如下特征：（1）“两翼”区县集聚发展程度整体偏低,（2）“一圈”内部存在差异,（3）长江南北存在明显差距。最后,结合前述分析结论和不同区县所属主体功能区类型,本文提出了有针对性的差异化集聚发展思路,以便促进全市区域经济更加科学协调发展。     

RFID射频识别技术在散粮筒仓直取装车控制系统改造中的应用

针对散粮筒仓直取装车业务存在的问题,介绍了一种通过RFID射频识别技术对原控制系统进行改造的方案,此改造方案的实施取得了良好的效果。     

An analysis of snow options for ski resort establishments

This study proposes a pricing method for put options on snow level for tourism establishments operating in Palandoken ski resort in the east of Turkey. In the calculation of put prices historical densities and Edgeworth adjusted densities methods together with Alaton, Djehiche, and Stillberger (2002) method have been applied. The findings show that there may be significant differences in the prices calculated by the three different methods, hence enabling both parties, i.e. buyers and sellers, with bases in the negotiation process. As the study is primarily aimed at providing a framework for pricing put options on snow levels in general, it is expected that it would be of use not only for this particular ski resort but also for various ski resorts in the world.     

企业规模对专利产出影响的实证分析——基于1998—2010年上市公司经验证据

使用1998—2010年中国A股上市公司的年度数据,研究了企业规模对专利产出和专利密度的影响。结果表明:发明专利和实用新型专利与企业规模之间存在U型关系,外观设计专利与公司规模呈倒U型关系;三类专利的专利密度都与企业规模之间存在U型关系;企业的知识存量、成立时间、财务杠杆、所有制类型等企业内部因素以及市场集中度、企业所处区域等外部环境因素都对企业的专利产出有显著影响。据此提出企业创新发展路径假说。     

Knowledge distance and R&D collaboration in Cournot oligopoly

A Cournot collaboration game is complemented with the hypothesis that the cost of R&D collaboration depends on firm’s directed knowledge distance with respect to potential R&D partners. The further hypothesis that directed distance may be non‐uniform and pair‐wise asymmetric reconciles theoretical predictions with qualitative evidence about concentration and multiplicity of components in industrial R&D networks. The welfare properties of sparse stable networks are also affected.     

南京都市圈基本公共服务均等化时空演变及地域差异

通过构建基本公共服务均等化评价指标体系,运用核密度估计法和Dagum基尼系数探究2011—2020年南京都市圈基本公共服务均等化的时空演变以及地区差异特征。研究表明：在时序演变上,南京都市圈基本公共服务均等化水平不断提高,但是城市间差异仍然存在,呈现微弱的两极化特征;在空间分布上总体呈现中间高四周低的空间格局,苏皖两省内各城市各子维度均等化水平分界明显,具有典型的区域化特征;南京都市圈基本公共服务总体呈现均等化水平上升,区域总体差异逐渐缩小;南京市龙头作用发挥不足,是导致区域内差异存在的重要原因。因此,需加强南京都市圈内部分工协作,破除政策壁垒,推动南京市的带头作用,促进区域内基本公共服务均等化发展。