Socio-economic and biophysical determinants of land degradation in Vietnam: An integrated causal analysis at the national level

Recognizing the socio-economic and biophysical causes of land degradation at the national level is important for cause-targeted strategies when designing policies for combating land degradation. This study aims to identify the biophysical and socio-economic factors that significantly affect land degradation across Vietnam and to interpret the causalities underlying the effects. The dependent variables considered in the study are spatial, the extent and intensity of degradation in three land-use zones (agriculture, forest and severely degraded abandonment). The hypothesized explanatory variables are common economic and demographic drivers and bio-physical factors such as soil, terrain constraints, and neighborhood land-use structures that are often neglected in many large-scale land degradation assessments. Instead of using a single inferential statistic technique, we used multi-linear regression and binary logistic regression in a complementary manner to increase the detectability and credibility of the degradation cause analyses. The results showed agricultural production growth had strong and consistent effects on land degradation extent and intensity. Population growth, especially in rural areas, had a strong effect on the extent of overall land degradation. The importance of a neighboring forest was revealed for its ability to reduce land degradation intensity in abandoned, unproductive lands. The concrete faceting of the causal analysis for each land-use zone as social–ecological stratum allowed us to combine the defined social–ecological contexts, contemporary theories, and hypotheses in the field to clarify the causal factors of a complex phenomenon like land degradation. The study demonstrates these contemporary inferential statistics can be complementarily used to sufficiently detect and understand land degradation causes at the national level. The results suggest implications for national land management policy: internalizing land degradation costs in the farming system evaluation for payment for ecosystem services policy, restricting forest conversion, and improving extension services and education in agrarian communities.     

浅谈沥青路面病害的原因及其根治方法

沥青作为一种路用结合料,成为公路建设长久使用不衰的一种材料,但由于沥青材质本身的差异,常会使公路出现一些病害。     

谈桥梁裂缝在道桥工程中的影响

本人结合多年参与公路桥梁现场施工工作实践,对部分桥梁在建设过程中常见的一些裂缝类型进行归类总结,通过查找原因分析问题,才能让我们真正地了解各种裂缝的引发成因,进而制订防范措施,达到预防布控之目的。     

浅谈职校学生心理特征、成因及对策

职校学生的心理直接影响职校教育的效果。本文从现象入手,指出了五种职校生的心理特征,并从家庭、学校、社会三个方面分析了形成这种心理特征的原因,有针对性地提出了八点改进的措施。     

建筑物防渗措施及补漏技术

根据建筑的具体实施,我们不断地发现现在有不少的建筑存在渗透和渗漏的现象,对此,我们介绍几种防渗和补漏的措施,以尽可能的减少建筑中存在的漏洞,具体的说明防渗的技术有哪些,补漏的技术有哪些,并且从这些技术上我们可以从中把我们的建筑更加的完善和完整,我们将找出渗漏的原因是什么,是否是裂缝产生的还是混凝土所造成的原因,等等,进行一系列的研究。     

论地基不均匀沉降的原因及防治措施

建筑物一般会产生一定的沉降,过大的不均匀沉降易使上部结构开裂与破坏,严重影响建筑物的使用。本文主要阐述地基不均匀沉降的危害、原因以及防治措施。     

注册会计师道德风险与防范

随着中国经济的不断发展,上市公司不断增多,审计报告的被关注程度也越来越高.与此同时,注册会计师面临的风险必将进一步加剧.其中更加引入瞩目的是注册会计师的道德风险问题.从一系列注册会计师执业失败的事件中可以看出,注册会计师诚信道德问题已经亮起红灯.因此,如何降低或规避道德风险,防止注册会计师陷入审计失败的泥沼成为注册会计师行业关注的重要话题.文章从注册会计师和会计师事务所以及外部影响因素的角度探讨道德风险成因和防范问题.     

油田钻井设备常出现的故障及解决策略

在日常生产实践中,油田钻井机械设备常出现损坏等问题,直接致使钻井作业被迫中断,设备的整修与恢复期限较为长久,在很大程度上损害油田生产的效益。本文首先分析油田钻井设备常遇到的故障表现及其原因,接着就防范和解决这些故障提出合理化建议。     

银川西夏热电厂阴极振打控制回路故障分析及处理

本论文分析了宁夏电投西夏热电有限公司#1、#2机电除尘阴极振打控制装置矩阵输出回路接触器发生连续烧损故障的原因,故障后造成的影响,通过技术整改,改造输出回路继电器及电缆等处理对策措施,取得了很好的效果。     

关于翻译产生变译现象的原因及结果探究

本文从勒菲弗尔的操纵理论出发,结合实例分析翻译中变译现象存在的必然性及其影响因素,揭示研究该现象的现实意义及对翻译界造成的影响。