锅炉排污的重要性及方法探讨分析

工业锅炉在使用中由于锅水蒸发而残留下的水垢、泥渣及沉淀物和腐蚀产物其他有害物质,使受热面污染,使锅炉的安全和经济运行带来影响,严重者可能导致重大事故发生。本文就锅炉排污的概念、目的、意义、方式、控制方法、质量要求、排污率的确定及宏观控制进行阐述,使我们在今后的工作中能对锅炉排污引起足够重视,确保锅炉安全运行。     

WFGD系统对汞的影响分析

利用现有控制技术来协同控制汞污染是一项科学、合理、经济的技术措施。目前普遍认为脱硫系统对脱汞有着较大去除潜力，但脱硫系统对脱汞的影响大小及影响特性有着较大的不确定性，分析了脱硫系统各运行因素对汞的影响特性及汞的二次污染等问题，为科学合理的制定汞排放技术提供参考。     

我国湖泊水环境中有机氯农药污染的研究进展

有机氯农药(OCPs)是一类对人体和生物具有高毒性的持久性有机污染物,它可通过食物链富集对人体健康产生威胁。总结分析了我国近年来OCPs在湖泊水环境中的残留水平及分布特征,为政府部门评价持久性有机污染物对我国湖泊环境污染状况以及开展污染物区域治理提供决策依据。     

Weak Disposability in Nonparametric Production Analysis: Reply to Färe and Grosskopf

Färe and Grosskopf (this issue) claim that a single abatement factor suffices for modeling weak disposability in nonparametric production models, and that the Kuosmanen (2005) technology that uses multiple abatement factors is larger than necessary. This article demonstrates by a numerical example that a single abatement factor does not suffice to capture all feasible production plans, and that its use leads to the violation of convexity, one of the maintained assumptions of the model. We also prove that the Kuosmanen technology is the correct minimum extrapolation technology under the stated axioms.     

Does Animal Feeding Operation Pollution Hurt Public Health? A National Longitudinal Study of Health Externalities Identified by Geographic Shifts in Livestock Production

The Environmental Protection Agency is currently gathering data to regulate livestock facilities under the Clean Air Act, legislation that purports to protect public health. To set rational policy, estimates of health externalities associated with livestock farming are necessary. This study uses geographic shifts in the industry to measure the impact of pollution on infant health. The article finds that a doubling of production leads to a 7.4% increase in infant mortality. This finding is robust with respect to the inclusion of multiple fixed and time-varying controls. The mortality increases are driven by elevated levels of respiratory diseases, providing suggestive evidence of an air pollution mechanism.     

农村污染的经济学解析

农村污染直接关乎长期的、宏观的经济效益,关乎农民和全国人民的健康,是值得关注的大问题。而农村环境问题又属公共品范畴,如何解决好农村公共品的供给和管理的制度创新,又是从根本上解决农村污染问题的关键。因此,文章试图从博弈论和新制度经济学角度对其进行解析,进而提出理论和现实研究对策。     

化工职业技术教学应积极实施应用性创新

面对人才资源市场优化配置和经济结构调整的实际,着眼发展,使化工职业技术教学走出传统教学体制,用生产人才,销售人才的方式理念,面向市场,将化工教学扩展到应用化工技术发展的前沿,预测储备师资,灵活开设专业,并采用研究式学习方式,注重应用实践,兼收前沿发展信息,培育适合市场需求的合格化工技术人才。     

Benefits analysis of particulate matter control programs – a case study of Tokyo

The objective of this case study was to assess economic benefits of past environmental policies of particulate matter (PM) in Tokyo by comparing observed pre‐control PM levels in 1975 and post‐control levels in 1998. The point estimates of the numbers of additional cases of avoided premature mortality and morbidity due to PM pollution control were (1) 3900 long‐term deaths in adults aged 30 years and older (population 5?098?000), (2) 4700 cases of chronic bronchitis in adults aged 30 years and older, (3) 7800 cases of in‐patient cardiovascular disease in adults aged 65 and older (population 1?281?942), (4) 3100 cases of in‐patient pneumonia in adults aged 65 and older, (5) 2500 cases of in‐patient chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults aged 65 and older, (6) 390?000 asthma attacks in asthmatics (population 450?000), and (7) 4500 cases of acute bronchitis in children aged 8–12 (population 300?300) during a one‐year period. The point estimate of medical costs in adults and children plus the cost of lost wages was a purchasing power parity‐adjusted $38 billion USD. Overall these results appear more likely to be underestimates than overestimates due to several unquantified benefits. The calculations of avoided health and productivity impacts suggest that pollution control policies successfully prevented a large expense to the society in extra medical care and lost work time.     

我国船舶油污强制责任保险法律制度研究

近年来,随着我国石油进口量的增加以及航运业的发展,船舶溢油风险越来越高。船舶油污强制责任保险制度能有效地保障船舶油污损害得到及时充分的赔偿。我国已意识到这一制度的重要性,不断完善相关立法。《中华人民共和国防治船舶污染海洋环境管理条例》及《中华人民共和国船舶油污损害民事责任保险实施办法》的出台解决了保险范围、保险额度等一系列相关问题,也给我国油轮市场带来一定压力。在分析新规定的优势和不足后,提出了完善我国相关立法的建议。     

浅谈计算机在自动控制中的应用

计算机自动化控制在钢铁行业、电力、自动驾驶、印刷造纸、纺织、化工、医药、食品等行业得到了广泛的应用,取得了显著的效果。本文简述计算机自控的特点、组成以及在化工行业中的应用。