农村环境污染控制区划方法与应用研究

本文具体针对农村环境污染发生的分散性、广域性和随机性等特征,采取了清单分析法,并且集体核算了农村环境污染物COD、TN、TP的排放量及其排放速度。并以农村环境污染敏感性和污染类型的划分作为研究基础来探讨农村环境污染控制区划。对不同的地区实施不同的分类控制和分区管理,为农村环境污染控制提供有效的科学依据。     

An empirical study of income growth and manufacturing industry pollution in New England, 1980-1990

This paper is an empirical examination of how a community's income growth is affected by polluting manufacturing activity. The hypothesis I test is that this activity has two conflicting effects: first, industrial investment encourages economic growth through the creation of employment and other positive economic spillover effects and, second, the associated pollution causes out-migration of residents. I hypothesize that a community that is initially relatively wealthy will experience relatively more out-migration of its higher income residents, who are assumed to have a lower tolerance for pollution. Thus, such communities will grow less in response to such investment compared to its poorer neighbors. Therefore, in my econometric model the marginal effect of pollution on income growth is allowed to vary with initial incomes. I use a unique data set that incorporates Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) and census tract-level data for New England for the years 1980 and 1990. The estimated effect of pollution on growth is negative, on average, and is more negative in initial incomes. In an effort to measure the out-migration effects of pollution, I use a separate measure of toxic pollution. I find that, holding constant total pollution, ‘toxic’ pollution has a more negative effect on growth for wealthier communities. These results are consistent with the above hypotheses.     

一种氮化硅薄膜生长工艺的改进方法

文章针对氮化硅生长过程中现有生产工艺容易导致膜间厚度差不均和产品质量差的问题,通过分析各种影响因素(工艺原理、生产设备、淀积温度等)对产品成品率的影响,设计了一种对现有设备工艺参数的调整方法。实践验证,该方法能够得到最佳的工艺制备条件,从而获得性能优良的氮化硅薄膜材料。     

对中国日化品牌复兴与行业崛起的几点思考

中国日化行业在经历了20世纪80年代短暂的辉煌之后,自90年代外资品牌进入我国日化市场以来,中高端市场几乎被外资品牌垄断。本土品牌只能在低端市场发展、举步维艰。因此从市场供需两个方面对本土日化品牌复兴崛起的现象和可能性进行研究,探究行业自身发展瓶颈,寻求拯救民族日化企业之路。     

液体化工品运输新方式──集装罐运输

介绍液体化工品运输的一种新方式──集装罐运输，主要介绍集装罐运输的优点，集装罐运输的应用范围，集装罐租赁业，世界主要集装罐经营者，全球集装罐运输形势，集装罐运输的前景等。     

化工新材料、新工艺与可持续发展

本文以某些化工新材料、新工艺为例,论述化工新材料、新工艺与可持续发展战略的关系,希望能引起更多的关注。     

一把悬在人们头上的“达摩克利斯之剑”——对手机及其电池产生环境污染的思考

现代生活中人们使用的手机及其配件——电池对环境造成的污染犹如悬在人们头上的达摩克利斯剑，千钧一发迫在眉睫的危险随时都会降临到人们的头上。文章对此提出了解决问题的几种方法：一、国家制定统一的技术标准；二、出台相应的法律政策文件；三、创造良好的市场环境；四、合理配置生产要素；五、采用先进技术，减少环境污染；六、开辟和建立二手手机市场；七、普及环保教育，提高公众的环保意识。     

Corporate Environmental and Economic Performance of Japanese Manufacturing Firms: Empirical Study for Sustainable Development

This study examines the relationship between environmental performance and economic performance in Japanese manufacturing firms. The environmental performance indicators include CO₂ emissions and the aggregate toxic risk associated with chemical emissions relative to sales. Return on assets (ROA) is used as an indicator of economic performance. We demonstrate that there is a significant inverted U‐shaped relationship between ROA and environmental performance calculated by aggregated toxic risk. We also find that the environmental performance increases ROA through both returns on sales and improved capital turnover. However, we observe a significant positive relationship between financial performance and environmental performance based on CO₂ emissions. These findings may provide evidence for the consequences of firms' environmental behavior and sustainable development. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

钼冶炼工业废水的处理和有价资源的回收

该文研究了用硫化氨和氨水作为沉淀剂，处理钼酸铵生产中产生的酸性废水。在添加适量的沉淀剂后，废水中90％以上的铜、铁、铅、锌，98％以上的钼能被沉淀去除；经沉淀处理后的酸性废水，采用离子交换除去部分碱金属离子钙镁后，可结晶生产工业硝酸铵；沉淀渣可用氨水选择性浸出，回收其中的钼，返回钼酸铵生产的主流程。     

A Cournot Mechanism for Pollution Control under Asymmetric Information

The contribution of this paper is to show that a simple nonlinear tax can achieve a long-run socially optimal level of pollution without the regulator knowing marginal abatement costs. Firms are charged their differential contribution to total damages, evaluated at the upper margin of current emissions. This induces a Cournot game in pollution levels. We show that the Nash equilibrium exists, corresponds to the socially optimal long-run output and emission levels and number of firms, is stable, and can be reached by iterative computations where conjectures are formed using a linear estimator based on past emission levels.