Limit theory for panel data models with cross sectional dependence and sequential exogeneity

The paper derives a general Central Limit Theorem (CLT) and asymptotic distributions for sample moments related to panel data models with large n$n$. The results allow for the data to be cross sectionally dependent, while at the same time allowing the regressors to be only sequentially rather than strictly exogenous. The setup is sufficiently general to accommodate situations where cross sectional dependence stems from spatial interactions and/or from the presence of common factors. The latter leads to the need for random norming. The limit theorem for sample moments is derived by showing that the moment conditions can be recast such that a martingale difference array central limit theorem can be applied. We prove such a central limit theorem by first extending results for stable convergence in Hall and Heyde (1980) to non-nested martingale arrays relevant for our applications. We illustrate our result by establishing a generalized estimation theory for GMM estimators of a fixed effect panel model without imposing i.i.d. or strict exogeneity conditions. We also discuss a class of Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimators that can be analyzed using our CLT.     

Positioning of the stakeholders in the interaction project management–project marketing: A case of a coconstructed industrial project

Based on a business‐to‐business (B‐to‐B) case within the automotive industry, this study proposes logics (constructivist and determinist, respectively) of protagonists and highlights the complexity of their dynamics during the successive project's phases. The concept of milieu will emphasize the complex business in which project marketing takes place; notably, it allows better identification of relevant relationships. Our article focuses on this concept of milieu with regard to the interactions between project marketing and project management actors during project phases. In particular, this article underlines the difference and the accommodation between the dynamics of interaction and the dynamics of congruence of marketing and management logics.     

Community-engaged philanthropy: The role of the fundraiser in building equitable communities

In recent years, fundraisers have become increasingly focused on major gift solicitation while donors have been making larger gifts to fewer organizations. As this trend continues, some have begun to question whether major organizations and/or wealthy individuals now have too much control over the work of nonprofits and the communities they serve. While it is true that major gifts are important and can made a noticeable, positive impact, in some cases community members might see their impact as intrusive. In situations such as this, what is the “best” course of action? How should fundraisers consider, balance, and address the perspectives and rights of their organization, donors, and community members? This paper creates a framework for fundraisers as they consider not only their responsibilities to their organization and constituents, but also their responsibilities for promoting equity within their community as a whole. This paper draws on the social-ecological model, as well as concepts from intersectionality, to explore how fundraisers can increase involvement from all community members in a nonprofit's work to create a participatory and community-engaged process, with a special focus on including those who are typically marginalized, rather than maintaining a hierarchical system of power. It also draws on the theories of rights-balanced fundraising ethics, community-centric fundraising, and other ethical frameworks of fundraising and public administration to compare what is being done by fundraisers to what should be done to encourage ethical practices in fundraising. The paper is supplemented by examples of the impact of implementing (or not implementing) community engagement in fundraising practices. This paper aims to create a community-engaged philanthropy framework for fundraisers as they consider not only their responsibilities to their organization and donors, but also their responsibilities for promoting equitable distributions of power within their community. This framework provides specific guidance for fundraisers as to how they can balance these multiple (and sometimes competing) responsibilities while also keeping ethics at the forefront of their actions. It demonstrates how, by taking a community-engaged approach to their work, fundraisers are able to bring about better long-term outcomes for their organization. Specifically, the framework considers: (1) To whom are fundraisers most responsible, and to whom should fundraisers be most responsible—their nonprofit, their donors, or those being served? (2) For what rights of community members must the fundraiser account when soliciting funds, and to what extent is the fundraiser responsible for upholding these rights? (3) In what ways can an invitation from a fundraiser to make a gift also invite some level of power or control over the organization's work? (4) To what extent do fundraisers have the responsibility to maintain an equitable power balance among their constituents, including donors and those served? (5) How can fundraisers help ensure that all community members are able to participate in the organization's work to extent that they are willing and able?     

和谐文化与和谐警民关系构建

和谐文化是和谐社会的精神家园,对和谐社会的建设具有观念引导、思想支撑的作用。构建和谐的警民关系,是我们党的根本宗旨对公安工作的本质要求,是做好新形势下社会稳定工作的根本保证。只有把和谐文化运用到警民关系的构建中,才能加强警察队伍建设,缩短警民距离,增强公安队伍的亲和力和凝聚力。     

建立社区党建工作长效机制的几点思考

社区党组织是党在城市的基层组织,是党联系城市居民的桥梁和纽带,是党在城市的全部工作和战斗力的基础。社区是指聚居在一定地域范围内的人们所组成的社会生活共同体,以此为基础开展的社区党建,是新形势下基层党建工作的新领域,有别与传统意义的基层党建工作。社区党组织是党在社会的基层组织,这级组织能否有创造力、凝聚力、战斗力,关乎党在基层的地位巩固。随着城市化进程进一步推进和社会主义市场经济体制的不断完善,社区党建面临着新形势,社区党建的基层组织建设亟待加强。     

浅谈3D虚拟社区与社交网站的融合发展

SNS网站和3D虚拟社区都是Web2.0时代重要的组成部分,虚拟世界和真实世界的融通已经越来越深刻也影响到人们的生活。作为Web2.0发展过程中的重要产物,3D虚拟社区也遇到了现实的发展困境。在网络和社交相互渗透的大趋势下,研究SNS社交网站和3D虚拟社区的特点和发展,探讨两者结合发展的可行性。     

上部结构与地基基础的共同作用

上部结构与地基、基础是紧密联系的一个整体,在工程设计中,设计人员经常忽略地基、基础与上部结构的相互作用,人为地把地基、基础和上部结构隔离计算,既不经济,也不安全。文章主要探讨高层结构与地基基础相互作用情况,提出在设计中考虑地基、基础与上部结构共同作用的重要性。     

城市居住空间的分化、排斥与整合——以南京市东山新区为例

在城市化与居住郊区化的进程中,居住空间分化是难以避免的社会与地理现象。试图将居住社区的空间分化与社会排斥勾连起来,从空间可及性控制角度切入探析社会排斥问题,并结合实证调研的成果对这些问题加以描述和分析。最后在借鉴新城市主义社区规划思想的基础上,提出居住社区空间整合的对策。     

城市规划与社区规划的异同和互融

当前社区已成为我国城市结构中的基本构成,全面推进社区建设成为建设和谐社会的一项重要内容。从人文视角探索了基于社区发展理念的城市规划编制办法,以求将社区发展的规划理念、规划方法、规划内容与策略等有机地融入城市规划;并以位于杭州市旧城区的长庆单元控制性详细规划的编制为例,分析了操作层面的具体措施。