基于政府职能转变的绩效审计研究

政府部门绩效审计的根本推动力量来源于政府职能的转变。立足科学发展，将实施绩效审计纳入政府职能转变之中。多方位和谐推进，解决实施绩效审计时出现的问题。     

浅谈价值工程与企业基本战略管理

价值工程(VE)作为一种系统化的管理技术,在企业生产和经营管理中都取得了显著的效果。并且随着时代的发展,应用范围将更加广泛。而企业的战略对企业的经营和发展都起着至关重要的作用,特别是在经济全球化的今天,把价值工程理论运用到企业的基本战略管理中,有利于企业提高效益,创造顾客价值、企业价值和社会价值。     

A Stochastic Frontier Production Function with Flexible Risk Properties

This paper considers a stochastic frontier production function which has additive, heteroscedastic error structure. The model allows for negative or positive marginal production risks of inputs, as originally proposed by Just and Pope (1978). The technical efficiencies of individual firms in the sample are a function of the levels of the input variables in the stochastic frontier, in addition to the technical inefficiency effects. These are two features of the model which are not exhibited by the commonly used stochastic frontiers with multiplicative error structures.An empirical application is presented using cross-sectional data on Ethiopian peasant farmers. The null hypothesis of no technical inefficiencies of production among these farmers is accepted. Further, the flexible risk models do not fit the data on peasant farmers as well as the traditional stochastic frontier model with multiplicative error structure.     

新古典生产函数的质疑与货币量值的生产函数

新古典理论以生产函数和效用函数为基础,建立了技术关系的稀缺资源有效配置理论,其核心是表明商品和要素稀缺性的相对价格.生产函数在微观尚可应用,但并不能用于解释总量经济和经济增长与波动问题.尤其是总供给完全取决于实物生产函数的投入产出关系,这与总需求分析所采用的货币支出是不协调的.货币量值的生产函数的推导表明,总供给只是企业的货币成本函数而不联系到技术上的投入产出关系,而所有的国民收入核算中的货币量值都只是表明人们经济关系的名义变量而与实物的技术关系或生产函数是完全无关的.     

Cost Uncertainty and Unilateral Abatement

Unilateral abatement is sometimes advocated in order to set a good example that will make other countries follow. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether existence of correlated cost uncertainty provides an incentive for a country to undertake unilateral abatement. The theoretical model is driven by two main mechanisms; first, a learning effect, as the follower country might reduce its risk premium as it can observe the cost level in the leader country. Second, there is the public good effect, i.e., the marginal benefit of abatement declines when abatement is a public good and other countries contribute to pollution reductions. Results shows that unilateral abatement would be efficient in reducing uncertainty about the unit costs of abatement if a country with low cost uncertainty would undertake abatement first, while a country with initially high cost uncertainty would follow. However, countries may prefer to act simultaneously because of the larger uncertainties that are inherent in a sequential game.      

中外建筑企业项目成本控制比较研究——兼谈建筑企业项目成本控制体系和公司财务的整合

随着建筑市场的日趋成熟,建筑施工企业在建筑项目上的竞争愈加激烈,项目的利润空间越来越小.这就要求各施工企业加强自身的成本控制,降低成本,向管理要效益,争取利润的最大化.本文拟分析和比较中外建筑企业在项目成本控制方面存在的差异,以期能改进我国建筑企业的项目成本控制体系,使其更具竞争力.     

A cost analysis of SIR-Spheres yttrium-90 resin microspheres versus tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in France,Italy, Spain and the UK

Abstract

Background and aims: A wide range of treatment options are available for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including systemic treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as sorafenib and lenvatinib, immunotherapies, locoregional therapies such as selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) and treatments with curative intent such as resection, radiofrequency ablation and liver transplantation. Given the substantial economic burden associated with HCC treatment, the aim of the present analysis was to establish the cost of using SIRT with SIR-Spheres yttrium-90 (Y-90) resin microspheres versus TKIs from healthcare payer perspectives in France, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom (UK).

Methods: A cost model was developed to capture the costs of initial systemic treatment with sorafenib (95%) or lenvatinib (5%) versus SIRT in patients with HCC in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages B and C. A nested Markov model was utilized to model transitions between progression-free survival (PFS), progression and death, in addition to transitions between subsequent treatment lines. Cost and resource use data were identified from published sources in each of the four countries.

Results: Relative to TKIs, SIRT with SIR-Spheres Y-90 resin microspheres were found to be cost saving in all four country settings, with the additional costs of the microspheres and the SIRT procedure being more than offset by reductions in drug and drug administration costs, and treatment of adverse events. Across the four country settings, total cost savings with SIR-Spheres Y-90 resin microspheres fell within the range 5.4–24.9% and SIRT resulted in more patients ultimately receiving treatments with curative intent (4.6 vs. 1.4% of eligible patients).

Conclusion: SIR-Spheres Y-90 resin microspheres resulted in cost savings relative to TKIs in the treatment of unresectable HCC in all four country settings, while increasing the proportion of patients who become eligible for treatments with curative intent.     

基于研发成本考虑的市场结构优化解析

研发直接带来厂商成本的变化，进而由于技术复杂度的不断提高及研发带来的规模经济，会导致多数产业市场集中度逐渐提高。在专利保护与许可证制度下，当研发导致的沉没成本比较小时，会因其研发速度更快而使厂商数量较多的竞争性市场的福利好于寡占或垄断市场。合作创新与国内竞争可以优化市场结构，提升我国企业研发能力，应对经济全球化的挑战。     

综合素质与语言能力:高职英语教学的育人功能研究

高职英语教育教学改革要坚持以人为本的育人理念,注重学生英语综合运用能力的培养和综合素质的提升.文章以福建金融职业技术学院的教育质量问卷调查结果统计为依据,结合目前大学英语教育教学及改革的现状,从更新教育理念,改革教学模式、优化课堂教学三方面进行阐述,来探讨高职英语教育应如何改革才能更好地实现其育人功能.     

企业竞争中的博弈分析

竞争对消费者有利,对企业不利;竞争者越多对消费者越有利,对企业来说则相反.同时,竞争对消费者和企业的影响程度可以量化.