Measuring the Effects of Generic Dairy Advertising in a Multi-Market Equilibrium

We develop a multi-market equilibrium displacement model that allows demand linkages across downstream product markets, and supply linkages through the common use of a raw commodity as the key input. Applying the model to the dairy sector, we find that the effectiveness of producer-funded advertising depends on the demand relationships across dairy product markets (cross-price and cross-advertising elasticities) as well as the reallocation of milk toward the advertised market. We show that the previous literature, which ignores the horizontal linkages highlighted here, tends to overstate the effectiveness of generic commodity promotion for dairy, and thus results in too much advertising.     

我国乳业品牌危机管理的现状及对策探析

2008年9月,国内多个乳品品牌接连出现产品质量问题,使消费者对乳业品牌的信任度和忠诚度严重下降,乳业面临着严重的品牌危机困境,加强品牌危机管理已经成为乳品企业管理中的重要一环。文章主要分析了我国乳业品牌危机现状,并提出加强乳业品牌危机管理的相应对策,希望对国内乳业的发展起到一定的指导作用。     

食品生产链条中农户失信行为逻辑研究——基于河北省宁晋县农户与乳企的互动

农户低诚信度背后隐藏的不仅是市场波动中理性经济人的行为逻辑,更是在城市化、现代化大背景下农户遭遇了家庭结构巨变、土地流失后,多种资本匮乏导致的生存第一、生计惶恐、对外抗争、成本计算等与其生计状况紧密关联的行为逻辑,是其家庭生计的综合性表现。     

我国奶业面临的问题及新发展观

该文以“奶比水贱”这一热点问题为切入点,分析了产生这种“乳品加工企业和奶农两头不见利”现象的根本原因,并指出“奶比水贱”只是暂时的,奶业仍是我国具有极大潜力和发展空间的朝阳产业,解决问题的关键在于树立新的奶业发展观,实现新时期奶业市场开发策略、产业布局、产业化经营方式和政府服务方式的转型。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定乳制品中对苯二甲酸二辛酯

本文建立了一种灵敏、准确、快速的气相色谱-质谱法测定乳制品中对苯二甲酸二辛酯含量的定性定量分析方法.考察了提取试剂的类型、提取试剂的用量、超声的时间与温度等对回收率的影响,确定了最佳的前处理方法为:样品经5 mL正己烷25℃超声提取30 min,离心分离取上清液,气相色谱-串联质谱法检测,外标法定量.在此试验条件下,对...     

Political Market Power Reflected in Milk Pricing Regulations

We investigate revealed political market power reflected in the pattern of price discrimination by end use that is the hallmark of U.S. milk marketing orders. We show that the pattern of prices that would maximize producer profits, if producers operated a cartel with monopoly power in a regional market, is far above actual government-set price differentials between milk used for fluid products and that used for manufactured products. The pattern of actual price differentials is consistent with political welfare weights for producers relative to consumers that are small compared to the weights that would yield maximum producer profits.     

Smallholder dairy cattle feeding technologies and practices in Tanzania: failures,successes, challenges and prospects for sustainability

In Tanzania, milk production under smallholder farming systems is season sensitive, fluctuations of feeds in both quantity and quality being the major driver. A dry season decline in milk production of over 40% due to feed scarcity is a common phenomenon. Adoption of improved feed production, conservation and utilization technologies and practices in dairy farming communities is poor. This review work was based on a key question which states “Why is adoption of improved dairy nutrition technologies and practices in Tanzania still poor despite being promoted for decades?”. We have shown that major opportunities for curbing dry season animal feed shortage include on-farm optimization of production and use of high yielding pasture varieties including napier grass (Pennisetum purperium Schumach.) and leguminous fodder species. Crop residues in particular maize stover needs to be optimized for effective dry season feeding. The major reasons for low adoption of proven technologies include limited technical knowhow among smallholder dairy farmers augmented by limited extension services and technological costs. For enhancing sustainable uptake; we suggest promotion of on-farm research, public-private partnerships and dairy farmers’ cooperative associations. These are vital for facilitating smooth access to information, investment capital, reliable inputs and markets among the smallholder dairy farmers.     

Análisis de costos y estrategias productivas en la lechería de pequeña escala en el periodo 2000–2012

An accounting analysis was performed on the evolution and performance of productive, economic and marketing strategies implemented by small-scale dairy farmers in the peri-urban area of Texcoco, Mexico. Economic and production records for 1 023 lactation were obtained in two periods, 2000 and 2012. The general cost methodology was used to establish the accounting structures of these production systems, and the re-adjustment of values financial methodology through calculating deflated values based on data from the Mexican National Index of Consumer Prices. Evidence is presented that farmers in Stratum I defined as strategies not hiring temporary or permanent labour, as well as independence in the purchase of inputs (this Stratum produces 90% of its inputs). Stratum II reduced 3 of the main 4 items of the total production cost (feeding, medicines and breeding) and increased the mean profit per litre of milk ($ 2.00 MXN) through selling strategies. Stratum III defined as their strategies increased productivity (59%), a reduction in the cost (29%) of the main input (feed) and taking advantage of their productive scale to obtain a higher receipt of revenues for the farm.     

Dynamic Inefficiency and Spatial Spillovers in Dutch Dairy Farming

This article examines the presence of spatial spillovers in farms’ dynamic technical inefficiency scores using Data Envelopment Analysis and a second-stage spatial truncated bootstrap regression model. Dynamic inefficiency is measured in terms of variable input contraction and gross investment expansion, while the second-stage model allows an individual’s dynamic inefficiency to be influenced by both own and neighbours’ characteristics. The empirical application focuses on the panel data of specialised Dutch dairy farms observed over the period 2009–2016 and for which exact geographical coordinates of latitude and longitude are available. The results confirm the existence of spatial spillovers in farmers’ dynamic technical inefficiency levels. Although changes in neighbours’ subsidies do not significantly influence an individual’s inefficiency, an increase in neighbours’ age reduces an individual’s performance, while an increase in neighbours’ levels of intensification improves an individual’s dynamic efficiency.