Testing equality of variances in the analysis of repeated measurements

The problem of comparing the precisions of two instruments using repeated measurements can be cast as an extension of the Pitman-Morgan problem of testing equality of variances of a bivariate normal distribution. Hawkins (1981) decomposes the hypothesis of equal variances in this model into two subhypotheses for which simple tests exist. For the overall hypothesis he proposes to combine the tests of the subhypotheses using Fisher's method and empirically compares the component tests and their combination with the likelihood ratio test. In this paper an attempt is made to resolve some discrepancies and puzzling conclusions in Hawkins's study and to propose simple modifications.
The new tests are compared to the tests discussed by Hawkins and to each other both in terms of the finite sample power (estimated by Monte Carlo simulation) and theoretically in terms of asymptotic relative efficiencies.     

贵阳市信息化与工业化融合方式探析

贵阳市目前处于工业化中期加快发展阶段,积极推进信息化与工业化的融合有重要的作用和意义。贵阳市推进信息化与工业化融合有一定的基础条件和强烈的需求,融合的方式有五种:一是信息技术在企业管理中的应用;二是信息技术在生产过程中的应用;三是信息技术融入产品;四是信息技术在研究与计划中的应用;五是信息技术创新新工业行业。这五种融合方式在贵阳市的实现情况不均衡;对于不同行业、不同规模、不同技术水平的企业,要有选择、有侧重地实现这五种方式;政府需要从政策、投资、基础平台建设等方面采取必要的措施予以保障。     

供电企业财务预算管理初探

随着我国电力企业改革的不断深入,如何建立起与企业实际情况及市场经济相适应的全面预算管理模式,受到了企业组织者及财务管理者的极大重视。文章首先分析企业财务预算管理的内涵,随后对电力企业财务预算管理现状进行探讨,最后提出了几点具体策略。     

滇南荒田铅锌矿床地质特征及找矿标志

荒田铅矿矿床位于华南褶皱系、扬子准地台和唐古拉-昌都-兰坪-思茅褶皱系三大Ⅰ级构造单元衔接过渡部位,属红河断裂北侧的回新-虾洞-荒田-大冷山铅锌银多金属成矿带南东部。矿区主要出露下二叠统茅口组(P1m)、玄武岩组(P1β)、上三叠统火把冲组(T3h),为一套海相碳酸盐岩-基性火山喷发-沉积岩组合。铅锌矿体赋存于玄武质、灰质角砾岩中并受角砾岩性和厚度控制,富厚部位常在褶皱(背斜)的两翼和向斜的槽部。玄武质、灰质角砾岩层和次级褶皱的两翼、槽部是重要的找矿标志。矿床成因属"火山沉积-岩浆期后热液+后期构造改造富集"。     

中国服务业发展悖论——基于“两波”发展模式的研究

本文借鉴最新文献对服务业发展规律的测度方法,用中国1952—2010年的地区面板数据对我国服务业比重变化的长期规律和阶段性特征进行了测度,结果认为:宏观国家层面上,我国服务业比重的变化确实有悖于世界经济整体服务化的趋势;但在地区层面上,我国服务业比重与人均GDP的关系基本符合"服务业比重随经济发展不断上升"的普遍规律,所谓经济服务化的"中国悖论"在地区层面上并不存在;对服务业发展的阶段性特征和地区差异进行分析发现,我国大部分地区仍然处于以传统服务业为主的第一波发展阶段,只有少数地区进入了以现代服务业发展为主导的第二波。文章最后对我国服务业发展规律的成因进行了一般分析和实证检验。     

The management of acid-related disorders: the burden of disease and the need for effective treatment

Summary

A large and increasing number of people suffer from acid-related disorders such as dyspepsia, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), and peptic ulcer disease. In 1994 alone, about 2 million patients consulted their family doctor for an acid-related disorder. Treatment of these patients represents a high cost to the NHS in terms of medications, consultations, referrals and treatment of complications. UK government statistics also indicate that there is a huge economic burden associated with acid-related disorders in terms of lost productivity.

Effective management of acid-related disorders is required to ensure that the available resources are used efficiently and to the benefit of the NHS, society and the patient.

Proton pump inhibitors are the most effective and predictable therapy available for acid-related disorders and many clinical studies have demonstrated their superior efficacy over H2-receptor antagonists in the management of these conditions. These therapeutic advantages translate into economic gains. Several economic studies have shown that it is more cost-effective to treat GORD and peptic ulcer disease with the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole than with H2-receptor antagonists.     

农地承包经营权的职能异化与回归

当前,在我国各地广泛实施的农地承包制度正遇到前所未有的尴尬,不能适应二元经济结构变迁的现实,农地制度改革势在必行。目前,我国土地承包经营权的就业与收入职能不断弱化,农村社会保障事业严重滞后。安徽省肥东县农村的31户农户调研数据表明：从公平与效率两个角度分析回归农地生产要素这一根本职能是十分可行和必要的,因此,可以尝试“以土地换保险”的办法回归农地的根本职能。     

Study on Principal-agent Mechanism in Chinese Private Enterprises

Based on the principal-agent theory, this paper analyzes the current situation and the developing trends of Chinese private enterprises. It points out the obstacles confronted by Chinese private enterprise in setting up the principal-agent mechanism and proposes the corresponding solutions to these problems.     

虚拟代建企业合作伙伴管理模型研究

文章提出把虚拟代建企业合作伙伴按照提供产品或服务的战略性程度进行细分,与不同特质的群体分别建立典型的战略伙伴关系和持久的正常交易关系模型,同时给出战略性程度评价的模糊数学分析方法.强调盟主需要把重要资源配置于战略伙伴交易关系中,促成核心竞争力的集成优化.