城镇居民医疗保险的真实保障水平研究——基于广东典型地区的实证分析

选取广东省三个代表性地区的大规模医疗保险数据库,采用"实际补偿比"作为真实保障水平的测度,对居民医保的真实保障水平及其主要影响因素进行了实证分析。居民医保的真实保障水平总体上还比较低,欠发达地区的平均住院实际补偿比在30%-40%之间,即便是发达地区也只有55.6%;起付线、封顶线、基金支付比例、医院等级选择以及年龄等个体特征都是保障水平的重要影响因素。提出要建立长效稳定的筹资增长机制,完善补偿机制并适当体现对弱势群体的照顾,并通过采取控制"三大目录"以外的医疗费用支出等措施尽可能缩小真实保障水平与名义保障水平的差距。     

＂A Raft in the Stormy Sea＂： New Roles,New ＂Dresses＂ Operating in ＆ for Business Networks

This paper aims to discuss the development and functioning conditions of business networks. After recalling the main characteristics of post-fordistic environment and comparing it to a ＂stormy sea＂ （section one） of the paper focuses on the idea of networks described as ＂rafts＂ useful to firms to build their own competitive advantages. In fact, while theoretical knowledge is not so valuable because everybody can have it, practical and contextual knowledge is specific and therefore it can be defended. The development of a contextual knowledge is feasible if the firm chooses among all the possible alternatives. Subsequently in section two, it shows how fordistic principles eliminate space, reduce time, and increase the speed of communication among individuals and as entering a network has become a necessity as it allows a firm to obtain competitive advantages. The greatest benefit is the chance to share the task of creating new knowledge among different members. In section three it is discussed if navigation in the post-fordistic stormy sea could take advantage from the existence of a more certain regulation. It is necessary to underline that positive law is not a post-fordistic tool. There is no satisfactory detailed law regarding ideas, knowledge, and know-how, by now. Therefore, it is not possible to rely on a specific regulation framework to protect knowledge found on the network. In conclusion in section four, the work discusses how single organizations need to reach the ＂raft＂--which is the network--through the idea of sharing learning and distinguishing elements necessary to survive in the stormy sea post-Fordism environment. Lastly, section five would be analyzed a public institution--Milan Chamber of Commerce--which has ＂changed its dress＂ to more effectively perform its support role to firms.     

Competition in Marketing： Survival Yardstick for Small and Medium Enterprises （SMEs） in Nigeria

The topic investigated competition in marketing as a survival yardstick for small and medium enterprises （SMEs） in Nigeria. The objectives addressed by this study were： （1） identifying different types and intensity of competition that SMEs are exposed to along the life-cycle portfolio in Nigeria; （2） quantifying the strength of SMEs vis-a-vis some foreign enterprises in terms of market competition; and （3） proffering solutions on how best they could match competitively these foreign enterprises. Relevant models and theories were employed in literature to evolve detailed analysis of issues relating to the variables used in terms of competition in marketing and survival of juice-producing SMEs. Two hypotheses were investigated through the survey of 20 prominent Ikeja based SMEs using Cluster sampling, 5-points Likert summated rating scale was adopted, while Yard＇s formula with 95% confidence level and 5% error tolerance was used. Alternative form validity of the instrument was measured at 0.63 while its reliability was measured at Cronbach＇s alpha of 0.70. Pearson＇s product-moment correlation was used in testing hypothesis 1 while standard multiple regressions were used to test hypothesis 2. Findings revealed that there was strong relationship between survival of juice-producing SMEs with forms of competition on a firm＇s life-cycle; while competition had positive effects on survival components for the enterprises. It was concluded that since competition subsists in any firm＇s life-cycle, strategies to support operations for survival must be adopted. It was recommended that operators of SMEs have to monitor and manage competition as it affects their businesses positively and/or negatively.     

企业持续发展的绩效管理探讨

绩效管理注重组织目标和个人目标的一致性,通过提升个人绩效实现组织绩效的提高,对企业可持续发展具有重要意义。工作分析是绩效管理的基础,工作分析结果是实施绩效管理的依据;绩效考核是绩效管理的一个环节,科学的绩效考核是企业先进管理的重要手段;人力资源是企业持续发展的重要资源,有效的绩效管理可避免人才过度流失。     

新加坡公共研发投入体系变革及其启示

为适应经济社会发展和应对未来挑战,新加坡不断加大公共研发投入规模,同时调整公共研发投入体系。近年来,新加坡更加注重部门与统筹投入兼顾,全方位支持创新活动和关注研发与经济社会关系,并通过新设或改造公共部门实施这些变革。这些做法促进了新加坡通过公共研发投入实现国家目标,对我国当前财政科技投入从分配到协调的转变具有重要借鉴意义。我们应该：适应国家经济发展,不断调整投入重点;既要强调自由研究,也要进行科学评估;建立多环节协调机制,营造良好的创新环境．     

Financial integration and the ASEAN-5 equity markets

The existence of long-run relationships among the ASEAN-5 equity markets is empirically investigated. This study utilized weekly data spanning January 1988 to August 1999. The results of Granger noncausality test due to Toda and Yamamoto (Journal of Econometrics,66, 225–50, 1995) reveal that the Singapore equity market was not affected by other markets except by the Philippines in the long run. This result shows that there exist opportunities for beneficial international portfolio diversification within the context of the Asean-5 equity markets.     

Why do some firms contract out production? Evidence from firm-level panel data

This paper examines the determinants of self-employment and transitions from salaried employment to self-employment using two sets of Finnish data from the 1990s. The results show that capital constraints have only a minor effect on new business starts. Human capital, in the form of intergenerational links in self-employment and psychological factors play a much larger role. The paper also provides empirical evidence that less risk-averse workers are more likely to become entrepreneurs.     

产业转移园转型升级与要素响应——以广东为例

以＂双转移＂为核心内容的产业转移园建设在我国产业转型升级中起引领作用。而其本身也有一个因应内外部条件变化而转型升级问题,对此需作深入研究。本文构建了一个双向关联的分析框架,以广东为例,重点分析产业转移园建设中劳动力、资本和土地资源的配置响应,以及转入地和转出地产业转型升级的绩效。在此基础上,从园区建设与管理体制机制、园区产业发展等方面揭示了广东产业转移园建设中的要素响应问题。本文认为产业转移园的转型升级,关键在于改善要素供给。因此,一要以园区提质扩容促进要素集聚。重点要突破园区建设瓶颈,促进园区要素高效集聚;积极推进＂扩园建城＂,吸引高端要素集聚;努力提高环境容量,促进要素规模化集聚。二要改善园区管理,消除要素集聚的障碍,克服园区管理体制机制障碍,促进要素集聚;鼓励差异发展,引导要素及产业集聚的专业化。三要发挥园区企业的主体作用,引导要素集聚。推动产业集群转移,提高要素集聚的质量;形成良好的产业生态,带动园区整体提质。     

《小岭曹氏宗谱》宣纸研究史料价值及若干问题释疑

《小岭曹氏宗谱》是一部尤对宣纸研究有特殊史料价值的史籍,它给后人留下了有关宣纸经营、产区分布、重要宣纸人物和宣纸发展史上重大事件的记载,同时还引发了我们对历史上小岭曹氏历代遵行“口训”,长期有效地对宣纸技艺进行保密问题的思考。     

基于传统水乡农业文化的现代旅游区景观分析

在斗门灯笼水乡的设计中,综合利用并深度挖掘斗门区内水乡农业文化资源内涵,弘扬水乡农业文化,将乡土农业景观文化与人工景观有机生态结合,这种基于传统水乡农业文化的现代旅游区景观,将民俗文化作为农业景观的底蕴,开阔出乡土农业文化的现代旅游区新景观。