China''''s Auto Production,Sales Grow A Bit Slower in 2007

Auto production and sales remained stable in China last year,yet with growth a bit slower on lukewarm demand for vehicles of low engine displacement,sources from the Ministry of Commerce.     

Gentrification,Education and Exclusionary Displacement in East London

In this article we draw on Peter Marcuse's discussion of different types of displacement using evidence from a recent study we conducted in East London to argue that there is clear evidence of ‘exclusionary displacement’ and ‘displacement pressure’ in terms of education and specifically the choice of schooling. We show how the incoming middle classes in the Victoria Park area of inner East London have displaced not only existing poor residents but also many of the less affluent middle class from the favoured state schools in the area by adopting some schools and avoiding others. The preferred schools are often praised to the heavens whilst the shunned schools are similarly disparaged and deemed unacceptable. We suggest that it is this middle‐class dichotomization of schooling which accounts for the kind of educational displacement we have observed. The main form that this takes is direct exclusionary displacement when middle‐class pressure on favoured schools leads to local people being unable to get their children into them — normally because of ‘distance from school’ selection criteria.     

框-剪结构体系剪力墙数量确定

在框-剪结构中,剪力墙的合理布置对结构抗震有着重要影响,剪力墙合理数量的确定一直是国内外学者研究的课题。文章根据顶点位移的限值推导出框-剪结构抗震剪力墙数量的简化确定方法,可供工程设计时参考。     

关于“双置换”模式“普适性”的思考

成都温江区最早开始实施的“双置换”,现已成为各地农地制度改革创新中学习的典范尤其受到地方政府的青睐。但在某些地区,“双置换”制度却受到了当地农民的抵触,结果差强人意。为什么“橘生淮南则为橘,生于淮北则为枳”,“双置换”能否具有普适性？文章将在深入分析成都“双置换”模式的基础上,结合江苏南通地区的实施情况,将两地进行对比,从而对这个问题进行探讨,并提出建议。     

基于VE的企业裁员决策过程研究

当企业不得已采取裁员策略时,普遍会面临应该裁掉哪些员工的裁员决策问题,不合理的裁员决策会导致企业承担不应有的员工流失损失,进而影响企业发展。为帮助企业规范裁员决策过程,提高企业裁员决策的科学性和合理性,论文提出运用价值工程理论和工作方法规范企业的裁员决策过程,通过构造企业岗位价值评估模型,实现对裁员岗位价值的定量和评价,为企业裁员提供了科学合理的依据。同时运用实证分析方法分析了其具体的应用过程,验证了该方法的可行性、有效性。     

Measuring the effectiveness of voluntary emission reduction programmes

This paper examines the evaluation of state environmental policies aimed at reducing ground level ozone in order to meet air quality standards set by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Several states with metropolitan areas that violate federal air quality regulations have adopted voluntary emission reduction programmes. These programmes focus on emissions from mobile sources, with the chief source being the automobile. States are allowed to claim credit towards bringing their metro areas closer to compliance with regulations only if they can provide credible evidence that these voluntary programmes are successful in reducing emissions. A model is developed to forecast aggregate traffic volumes so that one can assess the impact of the programme in reducing traffic flows during ‘Ozone Action Days’. Background information on the difficulties of measuring the ozone problem and on the recent policies adopted by the US EPA is provided. Using data from the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area, the accuracy of the model is demonstrated and preliminary analysis of whether the programmes which began in the summer of 1998 has had the desired impact is provided.     

Disentangling supply and demand shifts: the impacts on world salmon price

To understand price changes, one must determine the relative impact of supply and demand shifts on price. Conditional on predetermined supply and demand elasticities, we retrieve yearly shifts in regional supply and demand. The relative impact on price from each supply and demand shift is determined through an equilibrium displacement model (EDM). This procedure is applied on a yearly basis for the world salmon market in the period 2002 to 2011. The results indicate a large variation in demand and supply growth both over time and between regions. While average annual price impacts from supply or demand shifts from most regions are not statistically significant, price impacts from supply or demand shifts for specific periods are detected in all but one region. This indicates that the use of smooth trend indicators is likely to be inappropriate for measuring supply and demand shifts and their impacts on price. The procedure presented in this article can be a useful instrument for determining the relative impacts of supply and demand shifts on price in any market with unstable price behaviour.     

乌江刚构桥施工控制中的位移计算

文中采用有限元软件Ansys对建立了乌江刚构桥和挂篮的有限元模型,并对施工过程进行了加载和模拟计算。得到了各种工况下梁的位移,为该桥预拱度的设置和顺利合拢提供了参考。