湖南信息化带动工业化机制研究

人类社会已入入21世纪，对处于工业化中期初级阶段的湖南而言，继续完成工业化无疑是现代化过程中艰巨的历史任务，与此同时，大力国民经济和社会信息化，也是覆盖湖南现代化建设全民的战略措施，为此，正确处理工业化与信息化的关系，以信息化带动工业化，是关系湖南现代化建设的一个极为重要的问题，本文首先分析了湖南信息化和工业化的现状，然后对80年代中期以来的湖南信息化水平和工业化水平进行相关分析，在此基础上对他们相互影响的机制进行分析，最后就湖南今后实际信息化带动工业化提出具体措施。     

Norwegian Emissions of CO2 1987–1994 A Study of Some Effects of the CO2 Tax

Several countries have introduced taxes on fossil fuels with the aim of reducing atmospheric emissions, partly because of local environmental goals (SO₂, NO_x) and partly to participate in a global effort to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. Many macroeconomic studies, based on both global and national models, have been made of how emissions can be reduced with the help of taxes and the consequent reduction in GDP following the introduction of such taxes. Norway has had a CO₂ tax for five years, thereby providing a unique opportunity to evaluate the effects of this tax on emissions. The paper provides a counterfactual analysis of energy consumption and emissions if no CO₂ taxes had been introduced, compared with the actual situation in which such taxes exist. The effect of a CO₂ tax on oil consumption, and thus CO₂ emissions is studied on the basis of partial economic models for various sectors of the Norwegian economy. The study indicates that the CO₂ tax has had an impact on CO₂ emissions in Norway.     

Does too much government spending depress the economic development of transition economies? Evidences from dynamic panel threshold analysis

This paper investigates the relationship between government size and economic growth and determines the optimal level of government spending to maximize economic growth. The paper applies a dynamic panel data analysis based upon a threshold model to test the threshold effect of government spending in 26 transition economies over the period spanning 1993–2016. According to the analysis results, government expenditures have a threshold effect on economic growth, and there is a non-linear relationship depicted as an Armey curve in these transition economies. The findings indicate that a government size above the threshold government spending level adversely affects economic growth, while a government size below the threshold level has a positive effect. Furthermore, there is a statistically significant relationship between the two variables above and below that optimal level, even if we divide the sample into developed and developing countries. Our findings suggest that governments in transition economies should consider optimal government size at around the estimated threshold level to support sustainable economic growth.     

Integrating science and local knowledge in environmental risk management: A decision-focused approach

This paper explores how a structured decision process, based on methods from the decision sciences, can contribute to the integration of local and scientific knowledge in environmental decision making. Emphasis is placed on the use of key decision structuring steps and analytical tools to help ensure the systematic treatment of both fact-based and value-based knowledge claims. Practical methods are discussed for communicating and evaluating values and technical information across participants and cultures in ways that are methodologically rigorous and encourage different sources of credible knowledge to be considered on equal footing. Examples are presented from water use planning in British Columbia, Canada, where stakeholder consultations at 22 hydroelectric facilities demonstrate specific techniques that can be used to clarify values, to explore hypotheses, to clarify uncertainties, to identify and evaluate options, to make value-based choices, and to facilitate mutual learning.     

The Application of Sensitivity Analysis on Comprehensive Transportation Evaluation

Comprehensive transportation evaluation objects using multi-objective decision method is a process of choosing the best one from a few objects through calculating, analyzing, and comparing the index system. The result may be different because of the difference of the index weight and index value. Therefore, sensitivity analysis should be one of the necessary parts of the decision-making. It is desired to give the index with higher sensitivity and its varying scope to control the index strictly during the execution process. This paper derives transfer index weight, which changes the rank evaluation order of the projects. Meanwhile, a simple, effective and practical method based on sensitivity district and sensitivity matrix is proposed for the sensitivity analysis of decision-making. As an example, the index sensitivity in decision-making of some provinces comprehensive transportation objects, and their influence on the final decision are discussed.     

信任、不信任与控制关系及其应用研究的现状与思考

信任、不信任与控制之间的关系及其应用,已成为当代众多社会科学学科研究信任问题的子焦点之一。我们依据近年国外有关文献的调研,认为：缺乏一个以当代众多社会科学领域重要的理论命题为基础的、统一的科学、严谨、结构合理的三者关系的分析框架,是当前深化和推进有关研究必须克服的一个障碍。     

黑龙江省普通高校开设滑雪课的可行性分析

笔者通过对黑龙江省普通高校开设滑雪课必要性、制约因素的研究以及可行性分析,可以看出,滑雪运动作为我国的一个新兴的体育项目,在高校的发展虽处于起步阶段,有种种制约因素,但通过调动一切积极因素,更新观念,在黑龙江省普通高校开设滑雪课是切实可行的。     

上市公司年度报告自愿披露行为的实证研究

本文以我国上市公司 2 0 0 1年年度报告为研究对象 ,通过构建上市公司年度报告自愿披露模型 ,实证分析了影响我国上市公司自愿披露的若干因素 ,并简要概括出目前我国上市公司自愿披露的行为特征。     

Bank loan versus financial lease: how do traditional and innovative approaches within the banking sector influence economic growth? A comparative analysis between the US and China

ABSTRACT

The argument over the effects of financial structures on economic growth remains unsettled. This study, therefore, compares the dynamic correlation and lead–lag relationship between the different financial approaches within the banking sector (that is, traditional bank loans versus innovative financial leasing) and economic growth. We employ a continuous wavelet analysis using time-series data from 1982–2017 from the US (the world’s largest developed country) and China (the world’s largest developing country). The empirical results show that (1) episodes of significant correlation usually emerge during periods of reform, crisis or policy implementation; and (2) in China, traditional banking promotes economic growth in the long term, while the real economy only imputes the evolution of banks during critical economic reforms in the short term. Meanwhile, financial leasing could only promote the development of the real economy under suitable regulation; and (3) in the US, before the crises, the irrational growth of the real economy could increase bank assets, while during the crises, the traditional banking approach harms economic growth, and after the crises, financial leases play an important role in recovery. Therefore, we suggest that policymakers should establish adequate policies and regulations to solve the situation.     

“中国丹霞”福建泰宁世界自然遗产地社区居民点发展模式评价模型研究

为科学优选自然保护地社区居民点发展模式，构建客观评价模型对社区居民点发展模式进行定量评价显得尤为重要。基于“中国丹霞”福建泰宁世界自然遗产地9个社区居民点的调研数据，采用序关系分析法，以居民点人口结构、居民点景观风貌与传统文化、居民点产业发展模式，以及居民点位于遗产地的位置4个一级指标和相应二级指标为评价准则，构建该遗产地社区居民点发展模式优劣评价模型。研究表明，该遗产地9个社区居民点发展模式中，4个为疏解型，3个为搬迁型，2个为控制型，没有发展型。研究结果可为该遗产地社区居民点科学遴选发展模式提供定量评价依据，也可为生态价值高的自然保护地社区居民点发展模式的遴选提供参考。