泸州市土地利用效益评价

土地利用效益评价是促进土地资源利用可持续化发展的重要方式。基于因子分析方法,选取了泸州市经济、社会、生态三方面共19个指标,构建土地利用效益评价体系,对2006—2017年土地利用效益水平进行了评价和分析。结果表明,土地利用经济、社会、生态和综合效益增长趋势良好,经济效益波动相对较大。针对整体情况,提出四个方面的建议：①调整土地利用结构和产业结构;②城乡建设以点带面、轴状扩展;③扩大城市绿地面积;④因地制宜,区域调控。     

西北生态山岳旅游健康发展评估

生态山岳的旅游健康发展程度对山地旅游资源的可持续利用具有重要的影响。采用层次分析法和熵权法对2018年西北地区的华山、麦积山和天山天池的旅游生态健康进行了分析。结果表明:三大山岳景区旅游健康发展均处于健康状态;在资源健康方面,天山天池表现为非常健康,华山和麦积山处于健康等级;在环境健康方面,麦积山处于非常健康,华山和天山天池处于健康等级;在经济健康和旅游社会方面,三大景区均表现为健康。     

“互联网+农产业”扶贫模式研究——以湖南省安化县黑茶产业扶贫为例

通过实地调查和收集相关资料,对安化县发展黑茶产业扶贫的实际案例进行分析,研究安化县黑茶产业扶贫模式和脱贫路径。公司+基地+农户与合作社+基地+农户为安化县互联网+农产业扶贫模式的具体实现形式,分析了其脱贫的路径和机制对贫困户的帮扶作用,并对安化县的黑茶产业扶贫模式进行了总结。以安化县成功运用互联网+黑茶产业扶贫的经验为依据,最后为运用互联网+农产业模式扶贫提出四个政策建议:加强互联网+农产业扶贫的软、硬件基础设施建设、培育带动能力强的龙头农产业企业及合作社;发挥出互联网+农产业扶贫的优势并抓住各种机遇;提高政府运用互联网+农产业扶贫能力并建立针对性的产业扶贫制度安排和组织结构;建立好的脱贫路径和紧密的脱贫利益连接机制保证实现贫困户利益最大化。     

The organisation of urban agriculture in Cape Town,South Africa: A social capital perspective

This article explores urban agriculture in Cape Town and its organisational forms. Based on a literature review of peer-reviewed articles and grey literature, it examines the state of linkages among urban farmers and various supporting organisations of urban agriculture. Moreover, it examines the coordination of activities among key supporting organisations. By analysing the roles of state and non-state actors and linkages, the article discusses implications for the development of urban agriculture. This article suggests that a lack of effective coordination of initiatives among supporting actors presents a significant pitfall in the development of urban agriculture. Furthermore, the failure of farmers to self-organise is identified as equally detrimental. Therefore, it calls for improved synergies between state and non-state actors involved to ensure that the gains of urban agriculture are enhanced.     

城乡规划过程中实现可持续人居环境的探讨

本文首先介绍我国的城乡发展规划,具体阐述人居环境理念,继而基于人居环境理念,探讨如何实现城乡规划转型,同时按照我国可持续发展的基本要求,以住宅小区设计为例,探讨如何在城乡建筑设计的基础上创造经济、安全、和谐、宜居的人居环境。     

The encounter of agriculture and tourism a catalan case

A village on the Spanish Costa Dorada was the setting of the fieldwork on economic and social impacts of tourism on the local, native population. In contrast to the general belief among Mediterraneanists that the influence of tourist development on agriculture is deleterious, the case of Cambrils shows that this need not be so. Tourism has promoted agriculture directly and indirectly. Also the form and distribution of landed property, the prevailing inheritance practices, the availability of new land further from the coast, the quality of the soil, presence of water, and the crucially important role of the active local agricultural cooperative have contributed to the success of native farmers in Cambrils. The problems they face are general problems of agriculture and cannot be laid at the door of tourism.     

Leisure in Living Local through Food and Farming

This article reflects on aligning leisure research with the local foods movement while placing the local foods movement into the larger framework of sustainability and the fields of leisure and recreation. The local foods movement has persisted during difficult economic times; growth in local foods venues and young people endeavoring to establish small-scale sustainable farms continues to flourish. Given the history of leisure research and its continued success alleviating participation barriers and constraints, the need for leisure researchers to focus on local food systems is imperative and timely. This essay highlights the notion of leisure in living through local foods and the serious leisure aspects of small-scale sustainable agriculture. This article also encourages leisure researchers to explore and assess the relationships between the local foods movement and small-scale farming as embedded in the larger framework of sustainability.     

Visitors’ acceptance of negative ecological impacts in national parks: comparing the explanatory power of psychographic scales in a Norwegian mountain setting

Even in protected areas, it is inevitable that any human use will produce some impact on natural resources. This study identifies visitors’ tolerance of potential negative ecological impacts from tourism activities and facilities in a Norwegian national park context, based on park visitors’ expressed degree of acceptance of negative effects on particular species of wildlife (wild reindeer and raptors) and on vegetation. Attitudes were analysed using psychographic scales, reflecting respondents’ nature orientations, their specific facility desires, their preferences in a wilderness setting and their concerns about human interaction with the natural environment. Fourteen research hypotheses were tested. Findings demonstrated that the psychographic scales explained more variation in attitudes than most social background and trip characteristics. Higher levels of education among visitors were strongly associated with increased ecological concern; age and gender were not. There was generally strong ecological awareness and eco-centrism among park visitors in general, with a small proportion of wilderness purists. Better trail conditions, signposting and interpretation were sought. But park visitors were also found to possess a complex mixture of needs and drivers. The study found significant potential for strategic alliances between tourism and conservation interests, and key value issues for park governance systems.     

乡村生态旅游促进新型城镇化的实证分析--以西安市长安区为例

在生态资源富集又邻近大城市的乡村地区发展乡村生态旅游,能够有效地促进新型城镇化、助推新型旅游小城镇的形成。文章在界定核心概念并进行理论机理分析的基础上,以西安市长安区为例,对其2002—2014年间乡村生态旅游与新型城镇化之间的关系进行实证检验,结果表明：二者确实存在高度的正相关关系,且前者是后者的重要原因。因此,应采取有力措施发展这些地区的乡村生态旅游：第一,进一步加大政府对乡村地区基础设施的投资,彻底实现城乡公共产品供给的均等化;第二,引导民间资金、技术、管理等有序合理、规模适度地投入乡村生态旅游业;第三,务必加强乡村生态旅游业发展过程中的环境监管等。     

中国自然保护地体系建设——红线管控、旅游发展与文化表征

建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系,是贯彻习近平生态文明思想的重大举措,是党的十九大提出的重大改革任务。有效协调自然保护地保护与开发的功能定位是实现“生态保护、绿色发展、改善民生”三效合一目标的难点与重点。本文围绕如何有效发挥自然保护地生态系统服务功能这一问题框架,系统分析中国自然保护地在生态保护红线划定、旅游发展与文化要素表征3个方面存在的问题与障碍因素,通过政策梳理、学理辨析、国内外对比等研究方法提出以上三方面问题的破题策略。本文认为要建设与国际接轨、具有中国特色的自然保护地体系,需要运用“可接受的改变极限”思想开展红线划定与管控,因地制策、因时制宜、持续监测;需要加大游憩机会谱的研究及应用实践,实现生态保护与旅游发展相得益彰;需要重视自然保护地内文化景观的提炼识别及其表征、传播,重视国家公园文化认同意义表达。