浅谈英语典故性成语的来源和使用

英语中典故性成语来源于政治经济、自然地理、化生活、宗教信仰等方面，内容十分广泛。本将典故性成语的来源大体分为7个部分，并就英语典故性成语与汉语成语的相似和不同之处作了比较，强调了化渗透在英语学习及英语教学中的重要作用。     

Sectoral Differences in Plant Start-up Size in the Finnish Economy

New knowledge on the factors behind the choice of plant entry scale is important for understanding the entry process and the recruitment decisions of new plants in different sectors of the economy. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of various industry attributes on plant start-up size, measured with employment, using data on the entire Finnish business sector. The paper extends previous research by examining the differences between manufacturing and services and by using a richer set of explanatory variables. The relative importance of the covariates for different-sized entrants is taken into account by using a quantile regression approach. The results for manufacturing and services are remarkably similar. However, the findings imply that in the future analysis it is also important to consider the effect of the regional availability of educated and experienced work force on plant start-up size in these two sectors. The findings on the importance of scale economies and industry turbulence in determining start-up size correspond to the earlier studies. The results also show that single plant and multiplant entrants face a rather different entry environment. In addition, the employment share of foreign-owned entrants in the industry has to be taken into account.     

基于产业组织理论视角的顾客转换成本研究

在一定意义上,顾客转换成本可以看作一种特异性投资,便于企业形成一定程度的市场势力,影响同行企业竞争,提升自身绩效,因此顾客转换成本理论成为近年来学术界研究的重要领域之一。本文将基于产业组织理论S-C-P范式的视角对国内外学者在顾客转换成本方面的研究进行分类综述,并对顾客转换成本的未来研究和应用提出了几点展望。     

Does Foreign Direct Investment Crowd Out Domestic Entrepreneurship?

In analyzing firm entry and exit across Belgian manufacturing industries, this paper presents evidence that import competition and foreign direct investment discourage entry and stimulate exit of domestic entrepreneurs. These results are in line with theoretical occupational choice models that predict foreign direct investment would crowd out domestic entrepreneurs through their selections in product and labor markets. However, the empirical results also suggest that this crowding out effect may be moderated or even reversed in the long-run due to the long term positive effects of FDI on domestic entrepreneurship as a result of learning, demonstration, networking and linkage effects between foreign and domestic firms.     

企业文化建设如何从“围绕”到“融入”“进入”的转变

文章阐述了企业文化的内涵及现阶段我国企业文化建设存在的缺陷,结合大唐岩滩水力发电有限责任公司（以下简称岩滩发电公司）企业文化建设现状,探讨了企业文化建设如何从“围绕”到“融入”“进入”的转变。     

Timing,order and durability of new product advantages with imitation

This research examined the effects of timing, order and the durability of first mover advantages by analyzing the stock market reactions to new product introductions and imitations. The major findings are that both timing and order of moves are important and that rival reactions undermine the durability of first mover advantages. More specifically, (1) early and fast movers achieve greater gains than late and slow movers, and (2) first movers suffer at the time of new product imitations. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The influence of the blue trade barrier—— SA8000 to China

The blue trade barrier refers to the standards of the enterprise＇s social responsibility, namely SA8000. At present, many overseas importers request the export enterprise to conform to SA8000. On one hand, it can bring the opportunity to us--to be helpful in the exportation enterprise transforming the economical growth way, be helpful to strengthen the cohesive force in the enterprise. On the other hand, it can also bring challenge-increasing the cost of the export, export declines.     

全球化战略决策中高管团队的国际化角色:国外市场进入模式

海外扩张的模式是决策制定者协商的结果,高管团队(TMT)在此类型的决策过程中起到了重要的作用。通过整合市场准入模式理论与高层梯队理论,并结合组织国际化相关的因素后发现,TMT跨国经验和TMT国籍多样性在组织国际化战略决策中充当着不同的,甚至是相反的角色。在分析了100多个公司近7年的数据后,得出TMT跨国经验与全面控制型市场进入模式正相关、TMT国籍多样性与合作控制式市场进入模式正相关两个重要结果。因此,跨国经验能够通过出国实践获得,但这种经验在某种程度上受到自身国籍影响。人力资源管理实践旨在通过外派出国来获得国际经验的方式,还要认识到拥有这种经历的人不能替代高管团队中所有的外国国籍的人。