基于旅游扶贫战略的效应分析及创新对策研究——以星子县为例

旅游扶贫是一种新型的扶贫方式,其优势在于变资源优势为经济优势,变外力输血为内在造血,变被动生存为主动发展。文章以江西省星子县为例进行实证研究,分析旅游资源富集的欠发达地区旅游扶贫中普遍存在的困难,并由此提出化解困难的机制与对策。     

Financial development,institutions, and poverty alleviation: an empirical analysis

The aim of this article is to analyse empirically whether the level of institutional quality influences how financial development affects poverty for a sample of developing countries covering the period from 1984 to 2012. Using an interaction term constructed as a product between financial development and institutional quality we find that the pro-poor impact of financial development decreases as the quality of institutions rises. Such a differential effect can be ascribed to the capacity of banks to provide functions that mimic those performed by an institutional framework that works well. The results of this article can be used for policy management.     

益贫式增长的内涵及其实现路径：一个文献综述

益贫式增长是对穷人有利的经济增长,它关注穷人在经济增长中的受益程度,被认为是有效减贫的最佳经济增长模式。益贫式增长理论认为经济增长是减贫的最大动力,但是经济增长是减贫的必要而非充分条件,高速的经济增长必须配合更公平的收入分配制度才能实现贫困快速下降。实现益贫式增长主要有两种途径：一种是通过经济增长直接提高穷人收入;另一种是通过政府公共再分配使贫困人口从经济增长中间接获益。本文通过对益贫式增长的含义及其实现路径相关文献进行回顾和总结,以期为学界进一步研究提供参考。     

森林食品产业减贫的作用机理及效应分析

首先,介绍森林食品产业减贫的作用机理,主要包括解决资源落后与发展滞后的矛盾;促进贫困地区收入增长;注重多方交流互动。其次,将森林食品产业的减贫效应分为社会减贫效应、经济减贫效应、生态减贫效应这3个部分。最后,提出加强基础设施建设与品牌宣传;增加产业联动效应;持续带动地区增收等建议,以期为政府相关部门制定政策提供决策依据。     

Measuring Farm and Market Level Economic Impacts of Improved Maize Production Technologies in Ethiopia: Evidence from Panel Data

While it is often recognised that agricultural technology adoption decisions are intertwined and best characterised by multivariate models, typical approaches to examining adoption and impacts of agricultural technology have focused on single technology adoption choice and ignored interdependence among technologies. We examine farm‐ and market‐level impacts of multiple technology adoption choices using comprehensive household survey data collected in 2010/11 and 2012/13 in Ethiopia. Economic surplus analysis combined with panel data switching endogenous regression models are used to compute the supply shift parameter (K‐shift parameter), while at the same time controlling for the endogeneity inherent in agricultural technology adoption among farmers. We find that our improved technology set choices have significant impacts on farm‐level maize yield and maize production costs, where the greatest effect appears to be generated when various technologies are combined. The change in maize yield and production costs results in an average 26.4% cost reduction per kilogram of maize output (the K‐shift parameter). This increases the producer and consumer surpluses by US$ 140 and US$ 105 million per annum, respectively. These changes in economic surplus help to reduce the number of poor people by an estimated 788 thousand per year. We conclude that deliberate extension efforts and other policies that encourage integration of technologies are important for maize technologies to yield their full potential at both farm and market levels.     

云南贫困山区非木材林产品资源在新农村建设中的地位

在阐述世界发展中国家非木材林产品资源开发与贫困地区农民脱贫关系基础上,从云南省贫困山区非木材林资源潜在优势出发,揭示非木材林产品利用对云南贫困山区经济发展的作用,旨在探讨寻求适合云南贫困山区农民脱贫致富的主要途径,从而促进贫困山区新农村建设的步伐.     

政府扶贫资金参与式扶贫实证分析

探索了政府扶贫资金在农村贫困地区扶贫运作的新机制。通过采取参与式方法让穷人自主管理扶贫资金,推进整村脱贫,取得了经济、生态、社会效益。同时指出存在资金管理不到位等问题。建议建立健全组织机构,加强监督机制等。     

Simplified Jackknife Variance Estimates for Fuzzy Measures of Multidimensional Poverty

In this paper, we present a practical methodology for variance estimation for multi‐dimensional measures of poverty and deprivation of households and individuals, derived from sample surveys with complex designs and fairly large sample sizes. The measures considered are based on fuzzy representation of individuals' propensity to deprivation in monetary and diverse non‐monetary dimensions. We believe this to be the first original contribution for estimating standard errors for such fuzzy poverty measures. The second objective is to describe and numerically illustrate computational procedures and difficulties in producing reliable and robust estimates of sampling error for such complex statistics. We attempt to identify some of these problems and provide solutions in the context of actual situations. A detailed application based on European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions data for 19 NUTS2 regions in Spain is provided.     

参与精准扶贫对上市公司企业绩效影响的门槛效应研究

选取国内沪深A股主板市场于2016—2019年连续完整披露参与精准扶贫信息的360家上市公司为研究样本,证实检验企业参与精准扶贫影响企业绩效过程中的门槛效应。结果表明：企业规模的门槛估计值为1245.69亿元,规模在此门槛值以下的企业参与精准扶贫给财务绩效带来的正向影响程度不如门槛值以上的企业;扶贫规模的门槛估计值分别为0.2965亿元及2.3419亿元,门槛值以下企业参与精准扶贫给企业带来的正向效应十分明显,每超过一个门槛值正向效应就会急剧减小。     

提高我国扶贫开发效益的对策研究

本文从贫困识别、扶贫项目选择、扶贫资源投入整合、公共供给等方面对我国扶贫开发工作进行分析,提出可操作的对策,旨在提高扶贫开发效益,有效改善贫困群体民生。