设计教育与创造性人才培养

培养学生学会创造,提高创造能力,适应知识经条件下对创新人才的要求是普通高等教育的现实课题。重视设计基础知识和思维方法的训练和普及是创造性人才培养的一个重要途径。     

Facilitating conditions for boundary-spanning behaviour in governance networks

This article examines the impact of two facilitating conditions for boundary-spanning behaviour in urban governance networks. While research on boundary spanning is growing, there is little attention for antecedents. Combining governance network literature on project management and organizational literature on facilitative and servant leadership, we examine two potential conditions: a facilitative project management style and executive support. We conducted survey research among project managers involved in urban governance networks in order to test these relationships. We found positive relationships between facilitative project management and boundary-spanning behaviour, while executive support indirectly, via facilitative management, contributed to boundary-spanning behaviour.     

A fair go? The gender pay gap among corporate executives in Australian firms

In virtually all economies, executive positions are highly male dominated. This study examines the pay gap between male executives and female executives in large Australian firms from 2011 to 2014 to evaluate whether female executives are paid equitably compared with male executives. The mean pay comparison shows that female executives earn 80.7% of the total pay earned by male executives. A large part of the gender pay gap is explained by differences in positions held; female executives are particularly underrepresented in highly paid executive positions. After controlling for executive position and other relevant individual and firm characteristics, there remains a 15.1% gender gap in total pay. Our findings suggest that to achieve the goal of gender equity, both the proportion of women at executive level and the executive-level gender pay gap need to be monitored.     

DO PRIVATE TUTORS ENHANCE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ABILITY? REGRESSION DISCONTINUITY EVIDENCE FROM A POLICY EXPERIMENT IN INDIA

Empirical evidence has shown that returns to English language ability are substantial in India. Research has also focused on the impact of private tutoring in the context of developing economies to find evidence that remedial teaching leads to better student achievement and higher test scores. In this paper I analyze whether private tutoring helps in developing English language ability. Simple OLS estimates suggest statistically significant effects but estimated coefficients are rather small at 0.2 percentage points. Presence of confounders and selection bias may potentially understate the true effects of private tutoring on English language ability. To address this issue, I exploit a unique policy experiment in India in a regression discontinuity framework to identify cohorts eligible for private tutoring and compare their outcomes to the ineligible. I use this potentially exogenous policy variation as an instrument for private tutoring and find significant increases in English language ability estimated at 16 percentage points which is much larger than the simple OLS effects. Since standard academic curriculum is not directed towards improving foreign language ability, private tutoring as an input in the education production function seems to offer high marginal returns. From a policy perspective, this implies that private tutoring should be encouraged for enhancing English ability even though there are concerns that this provides disincentives for teachers to teach in school.     

谈企业核心能力的构建

企业构建其核心能力有多种可供选择的方式。一般来说，企业核心竞争力的培养有3种途径，一是可以通过企业购并等资本运营的形式来获取核心竞争力；另一种途径是企业内部通过发现，挖掘自身的核心技术和核心产品，并将其培养成企业的核心竞争力；另外企业可以在外部采取知识联盟的形式，与其它企业共同创建新的知识或进行知识转移，从而获得新的核心竞争力；我们应根据企业所面临的外部竞争环境和内部资源状况，选择相应的途径，培养和发展企业的核心能力。     

加强综合设计性物理实验的初步实践

加强综合设计性实验有利于培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力和创新能力。物理实验近几年在常规教学中贯穿综合设计性实验教学,收到了好的效果。     

浅谈学生数学探索能力的培养

在数学教学中培养学生分析、探索数学问题能力,必须改革教学方法。要抓住教材的内在规律,引导学生思维;利用典型问题,探索一般规律;训练学生分析、解决问题的思维方法。     

素质教育背景下的物理实验教学

素质教育的棱心内容是创新和实践，物理实验教学在实施素质教育中有着独特的作用和不可替代的手段。在物理实验教学中到处都体现着素质教育的内涵，教师必须不断加强自身素质．在改进物理实验教学的过程中多探索，勤实践，全面提高学生的综合素质，从而更好地适应知识经济时代的需要。     

浅析行政许可与政府职能的转变

行政许可法的颁布实施是时代发展和我国法制建设的必然要求。行政许可法有其规定的事项内容、原则和明确的法律责任。它的颁布实施将促进政府工作的一系列改革，推进政府工作的法制化建设。     

Pensions as a Form of Executive Compensation

This paper investigates the role of pensions as an element of total executive compensation, and the relationship between pensions and performance‐based compensation in executive pay. Using hand‐collected data on FTSE 100 CEOs and senior executives from 2004?2011, we document that pensions function as a substitute for performance‐based compensation (primarily bonuses) in both cross‐sectional and time‐series settings. We also examine the effect of corporate governance characteristics on executive pensions. We find that corporate governance characteristics associated with stronger board monitoring play a constraining role on the magnitude of pensions. Our evidence of substitution effects between pensions and performance‐based compensation is consistent with a managerial power view of executive compensation‐setting, and the use of pensions as a ‘stealth’ element of compensation. Our findings are robust to considering different types of pensions, product market competition, and cross‐listing. Sub‐period analysis shows that pensions decrease and substitution effects weaken following the 2008 financial crisis. Moreover, we find no evidence that the use of compensation consultants with potential conflicts of interest is associated with higher pensions. Overall, our study contributes to a greater understanding of the role of pensions in executive compensation, and shows the importance of including pensions in analysis of executive compensation.