昂昂溪考古文化初论

昂昂溪文化是含细石器的新石器文化,它以渔猎经济为主,晚期有农业经济出现,是具有显著特点的区域性文化。它自成体系,独立发展,并不是其它文化的延伸和传播所产生的附属文化。虽然目前还没有形成系统的研究工程,但三十多年来不断发现的各类文化遗址、遗物点迭四百多处,从类型和数量上足以说明“昂昂溪文化”是嫩江流域文化的重要环节,是中华民族古代文明的重要组成部分。     

我国绳网具、绳网机械产业现状及发展前景

为保持渔业可持续发展,我国正在进行渔业产业结构调整,渔用绳网具、绳网机械制造业有着广阔的发展前景,同时也存在着很多急待解决的问题及急需研究的课题。水产养殖业,特别是深海网箱养殖业的蓬勃发展、远洋捕捞、渔具渔法的改变、国际市场的需求,对渔网具产品的质量、数量、形式、材料强度和抗污腐性能提出了新的要求,也对绳网机械产品的质量、性能及运行稳定性提出了更高的要求。我国的渔用绳网具制造业和与之相关的绳网机械制造业面临着一个如何适应、调整和发展的问题。     

Understanding Differences in Nonmarket Valuation by Angler Specialization Level

Using the concept of recreation specialization, we would expect willingness-to-pay (WTP) differences among participant sub-groups as an expression of increasing commitment to their activity. To expand understanding of predictable angler sub-group differences in economic valuation, a two-stage process was used to investigate WTP differences among heterogeneous sub-groups. Cluster analysis was used with a three dimensional specialization model. A zero truncated binomial regression model was applied to estimate anglers' consumer surplus values per trip. Results supported the expectation that anglers in each group placed a different value on the social benefits associated with fishing and their concerns for possible resource loss.     

完善休渔制度巩固伏休成果

本文介绍了我国实行伏季休渔制度7年来的基本情况,对实施休渔制度的成绩和经验进行了总结,并针对存在的问题提出了对策和建议。     

Drowning among the lakeside fishing communities in Uganda: results of a community survey

The study aimed to determine the drowning burden in four Ugandan lakeside districts; the prevalence of life jacket use, and community knowledge and attitudes regarding water safety. Subjects were recruited as they disembarked from boats. A structured questionnaire was used for demographics, experience on water, details of incidents in water, and awareness of drowning prevention measures. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews were held. The study interviewed 544 participants; 81.1% male, 86.8% below 45 years, and 51.1% involved in the fishing industry. A quarter (26.1%) of the respondents were observed wearing life jackets as they disembarked. Participants who had been in a boat that nearly capsized (57.8%), or that actually capsized (21.7%), were no more likely to wear life jackets than those who had not had these experiences. Three quarters (73.2%) did not know how to call for rescue, and only 48.7% could swim. There drowning fatality rate in this community was 502 deaths per 100,000 population. Majority of drowning events occurred during transportation (51.7%) or fishing (39.0%). The most frequently mentioned factors were stormy weather and overloading. Drowning is a common threat to young adults in the fishing communities around Lake Victoria. Few preventive interventions are in place.     

基于灰色系统模型的山东省渔业产量增长预测分析

灰色系统理论在经济、科教、工农业、气象、军事等众多领域都有广泛应用。本文以山东省渔业产业为研究对象,选取利用外资、技术推广投入、新增固定资产、渔船总吨、渔业人口、渔业科研教育投入这个六个影响因素与渔业产值进行灰色关联分析,结果发现,山东省渔业产业仍属于资本密集型产业,资本投入与资产扩张对渔业产值增长的影响较大,而渔业基础研究对产值的贡献率很小。利用灰色预测模型对山东省1995～2009年的水产品总量数据进行预测分析的结果与《山东省渔业振兴规划(2011～2015年)》中提到的预期目标差距也较大。在对实证结果进行充分讨论的基础上,文章最后探讨了在蓝色经济区建设背景下振兴山东渔业产业的几点政策建议。     

吉林省渔民对渔业技术需求的调查分析

根据调查资料,描述了渔民一般性生产需求类型分布和渔民对渔业技术需求的强度和类型,从渔业技术用户角度分析渔民学习渔业技术的途径及影响渔民对渔业技术需求的主要因素,分析认为:渔民需求最大的是市场信息、市场服务、渔业生产技术和资金等;渔民获取渔业技术的主要渠道是渔业技术人员技术指导、新闻媒体和邻里效应;在影响渔民对渔业技术需求的主要因素中,资金不足、自然条件差、收益小、投资风险大、技术推广缺位、劳动力不足、政策不到位等因素较为突出,但是不同生产状况的渔民对渔业技术需求的强度与需求类型有较大的差异,因此必须针对不同层次渔民的实际情况,解决其投资渔业生产项目、学习渔业生产技术的制约因素。     

我国海岛渔村社会变迁研究(1990-2013)——基于浙江樟州渔村的田野调查

过去的二十余年间,海岛渔农村社会不论是经济、社会文化,还是人口等领域都发生了深刻的社会变迁。通过对案例地的田野调查,探讨了传统渔村发生的经济变迁、社会文化变迁和人口变迁。认为渔村发生了显著的经济变迁,主要表现为生产关系发生了变革,集体所有制向股份合作制转变,渔业生产力得到了快速发展,村民的收入和生活水平大幅提高;渔村的社会文化变迁主要体现在生产作业方式的变化、村民消费结构的变化以及卫生环保观念的变化等方面;渔村社会出现了大规模的人口变迁现象,集中体现在村民的外流和外来务工人员的进入,空心化问题凸出。在此基础之上总结分析了渔村社会变迁中存在的负向效应以及在社会变迁进程中暴露出来的问题。     

Biodiversity crime and economic crisis: Hidden mechanisms of misuse of ecosystem goods in Greece

The paper presents the case of biodiversity misuse in urban and rural areas of Greece during the years of economic recession (2008–2019). The hypothesis addressed is that if fiscal crisis and economic recession lead to biodiversity misuse, then, even strong conservation strategies such as those allegedly implemented in developed countries may not be resilient to macro-economic shocks. Empirical data and official statistics are combined in an interpretive way. Mechanisms that enable criminal misuse of biotic resources in protected areas, forests and coastal areas of the country are defined and quantified through specific examples of illegal hunting, logging and fishing. They are defined as the Active Sampling effect, the Market De-concentration effect and the Underground Market effect of crisis. Such crime enablers are not, most likely, country-level singularities; they can be generalized both through their trans-boundary effects and in view of their interference with international conservation strategy and Law.     

深圳海滨休闲渔业的现状及开发

休闲渔业当前正在中国迅猛发展。发展休闲渔业是渔业现代化和渔业可持续发展的重要组成部分。深圳开发海滨休闲渔业具有得天独厚的优势,却也存在不少问题,文章就此提出了开发对策:一是将休闲渔业列入全市旅游规划,拓展旅游资源;二是完善管理机制,健全休闲渔业保障体系;三是突出特色,打造亮点;四是丰富休闲渔业产品类型,实施全方位开发战略。