低水分活度的预包装食品中菌落总数复查的研究

为了探讨食品抽检中菌落总数指标复检的可能性,通过对水活度较低的预包装食品乳粉、营养米粉、燕麦片、膨化食品、蜂蜜进行菌落总数测定,对低水分活度预包装食品菌落总数指标的稳定性进行分析。结果表明,同一批次、同一储存条件的未开封预包装食品在不同保存周期内菌落总数在统计学上无显著差异,本研究结果可为低水分活度预包装菌落总数的复查可行性提供参考依据。     

浅谈食品安全的消费策略

消费者越来越关心的食品安全问题,在很大程度上可以不成为问题。本文就食品安全的消费策略,提出了个人的浅见：充分享用我国的食品安全保障,在生活中正确把握食品安全。     

食品行业的社会责任及法治监管

食品安全是重大民生问题和发展问题,也是民众呼声最高的社会问题之一。无论是从形式上看,还是从内容上看,我国食品安全立法已非常完善,食品监管执法不力和食品企业社会责任缺失是导致我国食品安全危机的主要原因。我国食品监管执法缺陷表现在执法理念落后、监管体制混乱、执法不严、问责不力等方面。加强我国食品安全监管要破除执法运动主义,实现食品安全监管常态化、日常化;要严格执法,落实责任,强化监督,加强问责;要发挥国家和社会的作用,落实食品企业社会责任。     

论我国食品安全监管体制的完善

食品安全问题的日益严重,引发国人的极度关心。问题的频发表明我国食品安全监管执法体制还存在不少漏洞。其问题主要是：事前监管缺乏科学性、事中监管缺乏有效性、事后监管缺乏及时性、可追溯性。因此食品安全监管事前必须要建立合理的食品安全标准,严格食品行业准人标准;事中应完善食品生产经营过程监管,提高食品安全检验水平;事后要建立政府问责机制,加大对食品生产者违法行为的惩罚力度,完善社会监督机制。     

基于分位数回归的粮食产量影响因素分析——以湖北省为例

影响粮食产量的主要因素有播种面积、成灾面积、农用机械总动力、化肥投入折纯量、农村用电量、有效灌溉面积等方面。利用HP滤波处理1979年至2009年湖北省粮食产量数据得出其的波动特征,并将各时间序列的长期趋势剔除,使序列仅含波动项以进行分位数分析。结果表明：在粮食产量的低分位点上,各因素对粮食增产的作用明显;在其它分位点处,作用不明显。需要确保粮食播种面积,科学投放化肥,保障农业生产用电,鼓励粮食生产规模化,完善粮食生产的风险管理工具和制度,以保证粮食产量,保障粮食安全。     

Examining the efficacy of self-classification approach in segmenting special-interest tourists: food tourism case

Self-classification is used as an a priori approach to tourist typology and market segmentation. However, skepticism still surrounds its ability to incorporate the multidimensionality of tourist behavior. This study seeks to empirically verify the efficacy of a single-item self-classification approach. The robustness of this self-classification measure is examined by comparing it to a data-driven multidimensional psychographic approach in terms of its ability to predict the behaviors of tourists toward food-related destination consumption. Results suggest that the single-item self-classification approach performs equally well as the psychographic approach in segmenting food-related consumption behaviors. The implications and limitations of this study are also discussed.     

The relationships between food-related personality traits,satisfaction, and loyalty among visitors attending food events and festivals

This study applies the concept of food-related personality traits to hospitality and tourism and identifies relationships between personality, satisfaction, and loyalty. An on-site survey was carried out with 335 visitors attending the Gwangju Kimchi (local food) Festival in South Korea between 15th and 19th of October, 2008. The relationships between 4 latent constructs (food neophobia, food involvement satisfaction, and loyalty) and 16 indicators were measured using structural equation modelling. The findings showed that food neophobia had a negative effect on satisfaction and loyalty, food involvement had a positive relationship with loyalty, and satisfaction and loyalty showed a significant positive relationship.     

The influence of attitudes towards healthy eating on food consumption when travelling

This study explores tourists' attitude towards healthy eating and its influence on their travel eating behaviour. Based on focus group interviews and literature review, two instruments were developed to measure healthy eating attitude and travel eating behaviour. Factor analysis results revealed two healthy eating attitude factors (‘food content and nutrients’ and ‘balanced diet and eating habit’), and five travel eating behaviour factors (‘novelty’, ‘risk avoidance’, ‘health steadfastness’, ‘familiarity’, and ‘food supplement and medicine’). The relationships among the factors were examined using structural equation modelling. The findings revealed that respondents who had a stronger attitude towards ‘balanced diet and eating habit’ tended to be more motivated by the ‘novelty’ factor; whereas ‘risk avoidance’, ‘health steadfastness’ and ‘familiarity’ were found to be associated with a stronger attitude towards ‘food content and nutrient’. The findings suggest that the healthy eating attitude construct is multidimensional and healthy eating conscious tourists should not be treated as a homogeneous group.     

Food Aid, Food Prices, and Producer Disincentives in Ethiopia

Although the short-term aims of food aid are well conceived, strong concerns have been voiced regarding the long-term impacts of such aid on incentives for agricultural producers in recipient countries. This article examines the statistical link between food aid shipments and food prices in Ethiopia over the period 1996–2006. Monthly data from three markets and three commodities are used to estimate a system of seemingly unrelated regression models for food prices. Results indicate that previous year food aid shipments reduce prices in all producer and consumer markets. These effects, however, appear to be limited to the set of internationally traded commodities that are domestically marketed. A recursive regression procedure is used to identify the food aid threshold at which a negative aid effect emerges. Food aid shipments that constitute less than 10% of domestic production appear to be benign, but shipments above this level show signs of being disruptive to local markets. We use a simple policy simulation to argue that production-sensitive targeting, e.g., conditioning food aid on local food production, would help to circumvent disincentive effects.     

On Crop Biodiversity, Risk Exposure, and Food Security in the Highlands of Ethiopia

This paper investigates the effects of crop genetic diversity on farm productivity and production risk in the highlands of Ethiopia. Using a moment-based approach, the analysis uses a stochastic production function capturing mean, variance, and skewness effects. Welfare implications of diversity are evaluated using a certainty equivalent, measured as expected income minus a risk premium (reflecting the cost of risk). We find that the effect of diversity on skewness dominates its effect on variance, meaning that diversity reduces the cost of risk. The analysis also shows that the beneficial effects of diversity become of greater value in degraded land.