务实、责任、合作——浅析全球性粮食危机的中国应对

中国解决好自身13亿人口的粮食安全问题就已是对世界的一种贡献,而致力于解决全球粮食危机更是使得通过自己的实际行动使大部分国家和全球民众消除误解,更加了解开放的中国,树立良好的正面形象和国际影响。在科学发展观的指导下,从经济到外交,更好地融入到全球化的大潮中,维护国家利益,少树敌人、广交朋友。维护世界和平与安全,特别是通过解决粮食危机的合作,积极推动地区的和平进程。     

Market Incentives for Safe Foods: An Examination of Shareholder Losses from Meat and Poultry Recalls

Meat and poultry recalls, while voluntary, are carried out under governmental oversight. If firms have financial incentives to avoid being implicated in a recall situation, governmental involvement in recalls may cause firms to internalize social costs when making investment decisions concerning food safety controls. To examine these incentives, we analyze federally supervised meat and poultry recalls from 1982 to 1998 within an event study. Results show significant shareholder losses when publicly traded food companies are implicated in a recall involving serious food safety hazards. We find no evidence that the stock market reacts negatively when recalls involve less severe hazards.     

Gender,entrepreneurship and food security in Niger

In many African countries, the income generated from the informal sector and the entrepreneurship is particularly important for reducing poverty. Previous studies have not found clear evidence on the relationship between self‐employment by gender and food security. We argue that this may be a result of the gender inequality in resource accessibility. In this paper, we analyze the implication of household entrepreneurship on food security in Niger, where gender disparities in resource accessibility are reduced. We find that owning female‐managed non‐agricultural enterprises is positively related to food accessibility and food availability within female‐headed households. The results draw the attention on reducing gender differences in resource accessibility in entrepreneurship for improving food security.     

中国食品行业应诉国外反倾销的特点

近年来,中国食品行业在国际市场上屡遭反倾销投诉,企业损失惨重。因此,深刻了解国外对中国食品行业反倾销调查的特点,并采取相应措施,已成为中国企业进一步开拓国际市场的当务之急。针对上述现状,并结合国外对中国食品行业实施反倾销的四个特点,对其遭遇反倾销的原因及损害进行了深层次的分析。中国食品行业应该培养并形成自己的核心竞争力,并强化反倾销意识,这样可以从根本上改变食品行业出口频频遭遇反倾销的状况。     

河南省绿色食品产业发展现状及发展策略研究

随着我国绿色食品产业的快速发展,河南省作为农业大省,绿色食品产业也呈现了良好的发展趋势,但也存在绿色食品品种数量少、经济效益不高、品牌竞争力不强等问题。应该从确定绿色食品发展品种及区域合理布局、构建科学的生产经营模式、做好绿色食品品牌管理与营销三个方面制定绿色食品产业发展策略。     

A Conjoint/Logit Analysis of Consumers’ Responses to Genetically Modified Tofu in Taiwan

We use data collected from a consumer survey of face‐to‐face interviews to determine consumer demand for genetically modified (GM) tofu attributes in Taiwan. Conjoint analysis using logit models reveals that, on average, brand is the most important attribute in terms of influence on consumers’ preferences, followed by price, with GM content having the least influence. However, the analysis also reveals three distinct market segments for tofu. Apart from the largest segment (which reflects the average lack of concern about GM food), the remaining two segments are split according to their preference or antipathy towards GM tofu. This result suggests that GM labelling is helpful to Taiwanese tofu consumers.     

再论耕地总量动态平衡

研究目的:分析中国耕地保护政策和未来发展的极限状态,提出中国耕地保护新的思维框架,为国家制定相关政策提供参考.研究方法:反演思维法.研究结果:当中国人口达到16亿时,全国用于建设占用耕地的极限值大约在3.39×106ha～3.73×106ha左右.耕地总量到2020年将达到极限水平.到2030年人口高峰来临,尚有一定的耕地缺口.研究结论:变"耕地总量动态平衡"为"农用地总量动态平衡",变"粮食安全"为"食物安全",建立农用地总量动态平衡与食物安全监测与预警制度,从提高复种指数、增加草食养殖等途经保证食物安全.做到:总体控制,动态监测,提前预警,分区管理,统筹兼顾,逐步实施,整体发展.     

粮食安全视角下中国耕地“非粮化”研究进展与展望

研究目的：基于粮食安全视角,系统梳理和总结中国耕地“非粮化”研究进展,展望未来研究趋势和重点方向。研究方法：文献回顾法、对比分析法。研究结果：在研究尺度上,既有研究更多关注粮食主产区,而多尺度耦合研究尚显不足;在研究内容上,耕地“非粮化”的概念界定较为一致,但测算方法尚未达成共识,耕地“非粮化”的驱动因素及防治策略较为丰富,但就如何构建区域协调治理机制的研究尚且不足;在研究方法上,主要采用传统的统计分析和计量模型,而地理空间分析技术应用不足且多学科综合研究范式亟需完善。研究结论：未来中国耕地“非粮化”研究应着力构建全方位、多角度认知框架并采取分类化的管控策略,加强与藏粮于地、藏粮于技重大战略的协同推进,强化多尺度耦合研究完善区域协同治理机制,增强测算方式的创新与地理空间分析技术的应用,强化多学科交叉融合研究构建耕地“非粮化”研究新范式。     

Reforms,globalization, and endogenous agricultural structures

In this article, I draw lessons from two quasi‐natural experiments (the transition process in former Communist countries and the rapid globalization of food chains) on the optimality of farms and agricultural structures more generally. I argue that (a) the farm structures that have emerged from the transition process are much more diverse than expected ex ante; (b) this diversity is to an important extent determined by economic mechanisms which are influenced by initial conditions and reform policies; (c) non‐traditional farm structures have played an important role during transition because they were optimal to address the specific institutional and structural constraints imposed by the transition process; (d) there is more diversity than often argued in the farms that are integrated in global food chains; (e) endogenous institutional (contracting) innovations in food chains may lock existing farm structures in a long‐run institutional framework; and (f) indicators based on farm structures are not a good measure of welfare effects of the globalization of food chains.     

北京城市家庭水产品在外消费的影响因素分析

本文使用记帐式调查数据,采用Double—hurdle模型分析了北京城市居民家庭水产品在外消费及其影响因素。计量分析结果发现,收入与时间机会成本会显著增加城市居民家庭水产品在外消费的参与概率与消费数量。此外,家庭在外水产品消费的参与和消费决策还受到家庭人口结构与区域分布的显著影响。本文的研究结果对促进我国餐饮业与水产业的健康发展和相关政策的制定有重要意义。