A Second Generation of Genetically Modified Food

Abstract

The aim of this research was a cross-cultural investigation of views regarding Genetically Modified Organisms, specifically food crops, to determine if there were significant differences in the views of French and American respondents. In addition, we sought to introduce the issue of possible consumer benefits of second generation GMOs into the research by examining differences in acceptance of value-enhanced GMOs compared with first generation GMOs for both French and American respondents. Both first and second generation GMOs are better accepted by American respondents than by French respondents, but respondents in both countries perceive a direct benefit from second generation GM foods with at least a less negative attitude toward them. In addition, respondents indicated factors which would make it more likely that they would purchase such enhanced GM foods.     

改性沥青路面施工技术

改性沥青路面施工是一项技术性强,涉及范围比较广的一个系统工程。要用科学的、严谨的技术方案、严格的施工管理措施,来确保良好的工程质量。     

等离子体中简并效应对原子结构和光谱的影响

采用修正的德拜模型研究了简并等离子体中氢原子的结构和光谱特性，结果表明：等离子体屏蔽效应对其中的原子结构和光谱有很大影响，而且对高密等离子体中电子简并效应减弱了这种屏蔽．     

SBS改性沥青防水层施工浅析

沥青混凝土路面具有表面平整,无接缝,行车舒适,耐磨,振动小,噪声低,施工期短养护维修简便等优点,因此获得越来越广泛的应用。而因为设计、施工、使用等多方面的原因,我国近期铺筑的沥青路面有效服务时间普遍未能达到其设计使用年限,有些项目更是在通车2-3年便出现了较为严重的早期破损现象,公路沥青混凝土路面面临严峻的考验。通过调查,笔者发现沥青混凝土路面破坏的原因大多与路面透水有关,在沥青混凝土层间设置防水层,以减少水损害就显得尤其重要,本文以一旧路整治工程为例,介绍沥青路面层间防水层的材料选用,施工技术及质量控制等。     

木薯变性淀粉在食品工业中的应用概述

木薯变性淀粉作为食品添加剂应用在食品工业中有其独特的优势,随着人们对木薯变性淀粉的认知,其使用范围逐步得到拓展,使用量逐渐增大。文章阐述了食品工业中常用的几种淀粉基食品添加剂及其应用发展趋势,并结合笔者多年从事变性淀粉技术研发的经验,着重介绍了几种木薯变性淀粉的性能,以及其在肉制品、面制品等行业的应用情况。     

Capital structure in an emerging stock market: The case of India

This paper applies two alternative methods of estimation, viz., fully modified OLS (FMOLS) and generalized method of moments (GMM), to analyse the determinants of the capital structure of Indian firms using a panel of 1169 non-financial firms listed in either the Bombay Stock Exchange or the National Stock Exchange over the period 1995-2008. The results thus obtained are robust across the estimation methods. Among the three alternative theories of capital structure, the pecking order theory and the static trade-off theory both seem to explain Indian firms’ decisions. However, there is little evidence to support the agency cost theory.     

Stakeholder views on issues to consider when assessing the sustainability of genetically modified potato

The importance of assessing socio-economic and sustainability aspects of genetically modified (GM) crops is increasingly recognized by policy-makers, both within the EU and internationally. Nevertheless, experience has shown that it is challenging to assess and implement these aspects in actual decision-making processes. This paper argues that stakeholder engagement may provide valuable insights when developing frameworks for sustainability assessment of GM crops. We organized two stakeholder workshops with the aim to gather perspectives on the sustainability of cultivating late blight resistant (LBR) GM potato in Norway. Sixteen Norwegian stakeholders involved in potato production and in agriculture in general took part in the workshops. Here, we present and discuss the outcomes of this participatory approach. The stakeholders identified several conditions that an LBR GM potato ought to satisfy in order to contribute to sustainable development. These conditions concerned environmental and health safety aspects of cultivating LBR GM potato, potential for fungicide reductions, durability of the LBR GM potato plant's resistance, farmers' profitability and consumer acceptance. In addition, the stakeholders considered issues such as maintenance of a diversity of potato cultivars, transparency during product development and risk assessment processes, ownership and control and opportunity for independent risk research as important considerations in a sustainability assessment. While focusing on a specific application of agricultural biotechnology, we believe that these findings are useful contributions to the ongoing efforts to develop frameworks and guidelines for assessing sustainability and socio-economic considerations of GM crops in general.     

Fully modified estimation with nearly integrated regressors

I show that the test procedure derived by Campbell and Yogo [2006. Journal of Financial Economics 81, 27–60] for regressions with nearly integrated variables can be interpreted as the natural t-test resulting from a fully modified estimation with near-unit-root regressors. This clearly establishes the methods of Campbell and Yogo as an extension of previous unit-root results and shows that the optimality of their test is valid under more general assumptions than those given in the original paper.     

预约披露、信号显示与审计意见

本文主要探寻年报预约披露日期所隐藏的信息内涵。研究发现，本年年报披露晚、上年年报披露晚、本年年报预约披露晚、本年年报披露比上年年报披露或比本年年报预约披露晚（年报披露迟滞时间长）的上市公司年报被出具非标准审计意见的可能性大。这意味着上市公司年报的预约披露时间以及执行情况有助于对年报的审计意见类型的判断。对市场和投资者而言，年报预约披露制度是一个很好的信号显示机制。     

辛欧拉算法作用于单摆方程的保结构性分析

讨论了单摆方程及其在辛算法和非辛算法作用下平衡点及其相轨线保持和破坏的性质。验证了辛欧拉算法作用于单摆方程能够严格保持原系统的平衡点类型,而非辛的显欧拉算法做不到。通过向后误差分析,得出其一阶截断和二阶截断方程与原系统有相同的平衡点。