SWOT analysis of the Shanxi agriculture intellectual property rights

In the development of agricultural intellectual property in Shanxi Province, obvious ＂advantages＂ including significant resources and a good foundation are accompanied by beneficial ＂opportunities＂, i.e., Shan,xi regards the development of distinctive agriculture and dominant agricultural products as an important direction for economic restructuring in agriculture, with unprecedented support. But, at the same time, ＂weaknesses＂ and ＂threats＂ thereof will be ＂fatal simultaneous bottlenecks＂. Shanxi provincial governments at all levels should ＂pave the way＂ for a positive policy and regulatory platform, exert the three effects of agricultural products in innovation, brand and the leading position, and constantly promote the development of agricultural intellectual property rights.     

DISTANCE‐SEGMENTED RURAL TOURISTS

This article uses travel distance to segment rural tourists in a tourist destination in the U.S. Midwest. A distance decay pattern was identified, with more than half of the respondents traveling from a location within 200 miles of the destination. The differences in the socio‐demographic, trip‐related characteristics, and destination activities of these tourists were examined across distinct distance segments. Among other findings, the study revealed that tourists from within a 50‐mile radius participated in most of the activities, and those traveling between 200 and 600 miles made up the majority of business travelers. These two segments also had a higher participation rate in the recreational activities than did the other distance segments. The findings of the study show that simple variables such as distance travel remain viable for destinations, particularly those in the rural area, to understand the tourists for segmentation purpose.     

距离交会在黎钦铁路飞龙特大桥的水上放孔位的应用

放样精度对于搞好黎钦铁路飞龙特大桥的水上桥墩孔位的测量工作非常重要。本次测量现场有定测时留下的控制桩能够满足放样精度。文章对放样的方法作了详细介绍,并简要阐述了高程的传递方法。     

客运专线中间站合理站间距的探讨

在对铁路客运专线通过能力进行计算分析的基础上,考虑开行不同速度目标值的A、B类列车条件下,按不同开行方案和站间距离,在给定B类列车开行数量的前提下,分别研究各种站间距离对应的A类列车最大可能开行对数,并检算B类列车的旅速。通过实例分析,说明客运专线的站间距离、开行方案、旅速和开行能力的配比关系。     

浅议地理信息系统与空间数据库建设

文章阐述了在地理信息系统建设过程中,地图数据库、空间数据库的作用与差别。针对我国现阶段地理信息系统建设的现状,分析了现阶段同时建立与维护空间数据库与地图数据库的必要性。指出了随着空间数据库技术的发展,空间数据库最终将取代地图数据库,同时提供多比例尺地图服务及各种时空尺度的地理信息服务。     

Sources of productivity growth on Finnish dairy farms—application of an input distance function

The objective is to examine sources of productivity change on Finnish dairy farms in the 1990s. The decomposition of productivity change into technical and technical efficiency change is widely recognized but it neglects the scale effect. Generalized decompositions incorporating all three components are calculated for a sample of Finnish dairy farms from 1989-2000. This period is of interest because of the drastic change in agricultural policy when Finland joined the European Union (EU) in 1995. The results indicate that productivity growth was on average low, approximately 0.15% per year. Neutral technical change was identified as the most important source of productivity growth (1.1%). Technical efficiency decreased by almost 0.5% annually. The contribution of the scale effect in productivity change increased towards the end of study period.     

Does distance matter for internationally-oriented small firms?

This paper assesses the contemporary relevance of distance and its key components in international business for young, internationally-oriented small firms. In doing so, it reconceptualizes the distance concept and investigates its relevance in American, British, and German firms' early foreign market selection. Economic, geographic, and cultural distance (based on Hofstede's and Schwartz's frameworks) for the three countries, along with psychic distance for the German firms, are considered. The results show that some components of distance still matter for internationally-oriented small firms and that cultural distance is sample source and concept sensitive. In addition, psychic distance acts as a mediator construct to the more objective, external distance measures of economic, geographic, and cultural distance, confirming the proposed distance framework.     

Geographic distance and corporate acquisitions: signals from IPO firms

This paper examines acquisitions of firms after they have undergone initial public offerings (IPOs). Combining insights from information economics with recent research on geographic distance in various market settings, the analysis investigates whether the presence or absence of different signals on IPO firms has an impact on the geographic proximity of acquirers. The central proposition we develop and test is that specific characteristics of IPOs—venture capitalist backing, investment bank reputation, and underpricing of issued shares—convey signals on these firms, which can facilitate acquisitions by more remote acquirers who are more likely to face the risk of adverse selection. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于弹药消耗预测的储备布局优化研究

本文以弹药消耗预测作为着眼点,依据弹药储备量确定弹药补给时机,并根据弹药消耗预测结论,结合储备布局的相关影响指标,对弹药储备布局进行了优化研究。     

The Size of Terroir: A Theoretical Note on Economics and Politics of Geographical Indications

Geographical indications (GI) certify the geographical origins of a product and delineate the specific area in which the certified product must be produced. Despite a large literature on the economics of GIs, few papers have explored the question of the optimal size of GI regions. This note presents a flexible conceptual framework to explore the economics and politics of the delimitation of a GI. The general framework describes the efficiency and distributional effects of the size of a GI and shows how this affects interest groups’ incentives to influence government decision‐making.