Gender differences of shoppers in the marketing and management of retail agglomerations

This paper aims to first identify gender differences in perception and evaluation of retail agglomerations, and second, discuss the implications of these differences for marketing and management. Based on a conceptual model 2151 agglomeration shoppers were surveyed using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Structural equation modelling revealed that accessibility, parking and infrastructure are perceived differently between gender groups. The attractiveness in terms of satisfaction, retention proneness and patronage intention was also evaluated distinctively. Nevertheless, when examining the impact of the perceived attributes on agglomeration attractiveness, there was no difference. In both settings, the retail tenant mix and the atmosphere are the main antecedents of attractiveness. Finally, an importance–performance analysis offers managers a method for prioritising their marketing efforts considering gender differences.     

基础设施类型、产业特征与中国企业出口行为

在异质性企业理论框架下,引入教育供给因素,将其视为社会型基础设施与交通基础设施进行比较研究;通过合并基础设施数据与工业企业数据分析两类基础设施对企业出口的异质性影响。实证研究显示:不同类型基础设施对企业出口产生不同影响,其中地区教育供给对企业出口促进作用显著,交通基础设施对企业出口作用并不稳健;不同基础设施对沿海和内陆地区企业出口有差异化影响;在产业特征框架下,基础设施供给对密集使用某类基础设施的企业出口促进作用明显。地方政府应重视社会型基础设施的贸易促进作用,调整地区基础设施投资结构。     

交通基础设施与中国全要素生产率增长——基于省域数据的空间面板计量分析

本文运用空间面板计量方法研究了中国的交通基础设施与全要素生产率增长之间的关系。实证研究的结果表明:中国地区间的全要素生产率在1997—2007年具有明显的空间相关性;交通基础设施对中国的全要素生产率有着显著的正向影响,2001—2007年铁路和公路基础设施存量的增加共带动中国全要素生产率增长了11.075%,占TFP整体增幅的59.100%,其中,高速公路和二级公路基础设施的带动作用最为明显;在上述贡献中,来自直接效应的部分较小,仅占25.700%,而来自空间外溢效应的部分则高达74.300%;就分时段的估计结果来看,2001—2007年铁路基础设施对全要素生产率有着持续显著的正向影响,1997—2000年高速公路基础设施对全要素生产率有着持续显著的正向影响,而其他等级公路基础设施的影响则没有显示出这种持续的显著性。     

农业基础设施投资政策分析

增加农业基础设施建设投资是扩大内需、拉动经济增长的重要举措。黑龙江省农业基础建设投资具有一定优势,但也存在投入资金规模小、投入结构不合理、投入重点不突出等问题。在应对国际金融危机背景下,黑龙江省要充分发挥政府和市场的积极性,大力提高农业基础设施投资效益。     

广西农垦产业园区建设融资问题探讨

产业园区要实现其运营目标和服务功能,良好的基础设施是首要具备的条件。基础设施建设资金的不足和融资渠道的匮乏,影响并制约了广西农垦产业园区的开发与建设。为了促进农垦经济又好又快地发展,提高投资效率,应当针对经营性、准经营性及非经营性基础设施项目的各自特点选择适宜的融资模式,并不断探索、发展新型融资模式,拓宽融资渠道,促进农垦产业园区的发展。     

城市环境基础设施投资现状的反思

本文利用近年我国城市环境基础设施投资的相关统计资料,分别从效益性、稳定性、充足性角度分析了我国环境基础设施投资的现状.提出组建法人化的投资主体,以城市环境基础设施项目的经营属性来研究制定和调整价格政策,重新定位财政在城市环境基础设施投融资中的作用等,以期改善城市环境基础设施投资现状.     

Progress of e-development in China since 1998

In this paper, a holistic analytical framework for tracing and understanding the progress of e-development is developed and adopted in an empirical case study of China’s e-development since 1998. In particular, the progress is analyzed systematically by benchmarking various ICT infrastructure and e-devices, the composition of Internet users, and the key dimensions of e-government, e-working, e-commerce, and e-networking. In addition, the questions of whether the geographical digital divide in the country has been narrowed is examined. Our findings show that (1) China has made noticeable progress in the e-development since 1998; yet, progress varied in different dimensions; (2) based on the overall performance, 2004 can be considered as the watershed for China to move from the formative stage to the developmental stage; (3) during the e-development, digital disparities in China have dramatically decreased at the provincial level, however, the urban-rural digital gap widened. We suggest that other than promoting affordable ICT possession, the wider and more diversified e-applications for different walks of life will be important for China to move towards the mature stage.     

Celling The Concept: A Study of Managerial Brand Mindsharing of A Distributed Biobanking Research Infrastructure

This interview study investigates how managers/associates of a failed distributed large-scale Research Infrastructures perceived their brand and the role mindsharing played in light of the organisation’s ultimate failure. Specifically, the study looks at BioBanking and Molecular Resource Infrastructure in Sweden (BBMRI.se), an organisation that involved collaboration between several medical and technical universities and sought to harmonise biobanking in Sweden. The aim was to discern the respondents’ degree of mindsharing in regards to their perception of the organisational brand. The four stages the branding process investigated were: Brand Strategic Analysis, Brand Identity, Brand Operationalising, and Post-Implementation Reflections. The results indicated that the mindsharing was present at the initial two stages, but dissipated throughout the ensuing two final stages, resulting in a fragmented brand perception, thereby forgoing the ability of generating a “pull-effect” for the BBMRI.se brand. The study’s implication is for branding to account more for social and individual motivations and less for instrumental motivations, e.g. mission statements.     

Going Alone: The Case for Relaxed Reciprocity in Freeing Trade

We examine the output elasticity of infrastructure for four South Asian countries viz., India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka using panel cointegration techniques for the period 1980–2005. In this context, we develop an index of infrastructure stocks and investigate the impact of infrastructure on output. The study finds a long-run equilibrium relationship between output and infrastructure along with other relevant variables, such as gross domestic capital formation (GDCF), labor force, international trade and human capital. The results reveal that GDCF, labor force, export and expenditure on human capital exhibit a positive contribution to output. More importantly, infrastructure development contributes significantly to output growth in South Asia. Further, the panel causality analysis shows that there is mutual feedback between total output and infrastructure development.     

Towards an Integrated Statistical System at Statistics Netherlands*

Changes in circumstances put pressure on Statistics Netherlands (SN) to redesign the way its statistics are produced. Key developments are: the changing needs of data‐users, growing competition, pressure to reduce the survey burden on enterprises, emerging new technologies and methodologies and, first and foremost, the need for more efficiency because of budget cuts. This paper describes how SN, and especially its business statistics, can adapt to these new circumstances. We envisage an optimum situation as one with a single standardised production line for all statistics and a central data repository at its core. This single production line is supported by generic and standardised tools, metadata and workflow management. However, it is clear that such an optimum situation cannot be realised in just a few years. It should be seen as the point on the horizon. Therefore, we also describe the first transformation steps from the product‐based stovepipe‐oriented statistical process of the past to a more integrated process of the future. A similar modernisation process exists in the area of social statistics. In the near future both systems of business and social statistics are expected to connect at pivotal points and eventually converge on one overall business architecture for SN. Discussions about such an overall business architecture for SN have already been started and the first core projects have been set up.