权利配置、契约完备、政府约束视角下的中国农村经济组织化发展研究

中国农村以家庭承包经营制度为核心的小农经济在迅速发展的市场经济中竞争能力日渐不足,组织化发展是促进农村经济增长和提高农民收入的一条可行之路。诸多研究表明,从制度经济学的角度来看,经济的组织化发展是以权利配置、契约完备和政府约束的组织化为核心。以此为起点,本文首先探究了制度组织化提高供求竞争性均衡的机理,之后深入研究了中国农村经济中农地流转、农民合作、农产品流通、农业生产和农村金融服务五个组成部分中权利配置、契约完备和政府约束三个方面的组织化水平及其与农村经济供求均衡的适应度,最后给出了中国农村经济组织化发展的对策建议。     

Incentive Contract and Weather Risk

We study contracts designed to remunerate a farmer for the production of an ecosystem service with the payment dependent on the results of the farmer’s actions and on weather conditions. Two contracts are proposed: the first takes into account both the results of the farmer’s actions and a weather variable that reflects the actual atmospheric conditions during the life of the contract; the second bases the payment on the results alone incorporating only the average effect of weather. Social welfare is optimal when both the results and the specific atmospheric conditions are taken into account; however, this type of contract may be less acceptable to the farmer due to his perception of the level of risk involved.We thank two referees for valuable comments.     

规范工程项目动态工资管理

阐述对项目工程施工现场作业班组实行合同协议条件的动态工资管理，制订了“标 准化”作业条件，按条件要求提出了动态工资的构成及其管理办法。     

政治关联、财务年报恶意补丁与债务融资契约——基于民营上市公司实际控制人政治身份的实证研究

笔者采用2003年～2008年中国民营上市公司为样本,实证分析了实际控制人政治身份、财务年报恶意补丁出现几率及对债务融资契约的影响,发现上市公司实际控制人具备越高级别的政治身份,则上市公司发布恶意财务年报补丁的现象越少;上市公司发布了恶意财务年报补丁,则下年贷款规模明显下降,但是上市公司实际控制人的政治身份对上述负面影响有明显减弱,说明上市公司实际控制人具有的政治关联增强了上市公司出于维护潜在竞争优势的自我约束治理,从而增强了债务诚信,促进了债务契约签订.     

国际工程合同的评析与借鉴

国际工程合同为我们提供了建造合同、设计和建造合同、EPC/交钥匙合同等多种可供选择的工程承包模式,探讨国际工程合同的优势和缺陷,明确其应用范围,对于克服我国工程承包合同存在的内容简单;操作性不强等问题有积极的意义。     

Debt and Firms' Relationships: The Italian Evidence

Theories that predict the strategic use of debt by players engaged in a verticalrelationship are tested using an empirical model of debt usage. It is found thatfirms selling mainly to other firms are characterised on average by a higherlevel of debt. No evidence supports the notion that buyers increase their leverageto commit themselves not to behave opportunistically towards their suppliers. Theresults in the paper also suggest that group organisation limits the incentive to usedebt strategically within the holding-subsidiaries relationship.     

品牌关系中消费者心理契约的感知与测度

本文将组织行为学中心理契约的概念引入品牌关系研究,探寻品牌关系中消费者的心理契约感知,通过实证分析证实了消费者对心理契约感知比较关注的5个指标,确定了各指标的被关注程度,并考察了人口统计学因素对消费者心理契约的影响。     

关于执行《建造合同准则》的有关问题探析

针对执行《建造合同》中准则的三个实际问题提出一些处理建议,为对《建造合同》准则进一步完善起着积极作用,也为施工企业在执行准则中有关问题的会计核算提供参考。     

工业园区废弃物交易生态协作激励机制

在分析工业园区废弃物交易存在资产专用性和不确定性等问题的基础上,通过构建园区废弃物交易生态协作收益模型,分别探讨了社会最优条件下、单期交易条件下和关系契约条件下有助于废弃物交易双方生态协作的最优激励机制安排。研究结果表明:资产专用性和不确定性等导致单期交易下生态协作存在效率损失,此时根据生产效率分配协作租金可最大程度地减少生态协作效率损失;关系契约推动了生态协作效率的提升,利用企业可通过隐藏废弃物在利用环节的价值增值信息以及调节奖励支付规则等获得社会最优条件下的生态协作收益;废弃物交易双方越关注未来的预期收益,废弃物交易中的协作程度越高,废弃物交易双方获取的生态协作收益就越大;废弃物再利用的成本越高,越需要交易双方进行长期协作,越需要对园区进行政策干预。     

The Gender Contract under Neoliberalism: Palestinian-Israeli Women's Labor Force Participation

This paper interprets the pressure to raise Palestinian-Israeli women’s labor force participation within the unfolding neoliberal project in Israel, arguing that women’s stalled workforce integration reflects embedded economic rationality. Poor infrastructure and discriminatory policies, combined with Israel’s rapid economic privatization, set contradictory expectations for Palestinian-Israeli women: their opportunity-cost calculations include entitlements to economic protection alongside obligations to provide expenditure-saving domestic labor. Yet growing pressure and desire to join the paid workforce suggest that the gender contract may be changing. This cultural schema, which links women’s economic strategizing to their sense of feminine propriety, is transforming as part of a broader transition to a market-led gender regime, with the paradoxical effect of encouraging women’s employment while simultaneously impoverishing them. By dwelling on the dialectics of culture and the structure of work opportunities, and women’s agency, this paper aims to resolves an impasse in the current debate on women’s low workforce participation.