Should Chinese Local Governments Be Allowed to Issue Bonds?

I.IntroductionDespite China’s impressive economic growth,its fiscal sustainability has increasinglybecome one of the most watched risk indicators facing the economy.Although China’sexplicit national debtto GDP ratio israther manageable by theOECD standard,at about20 percent of GDP,given its small share of tax revenue to GDP,currently at18.5percent ofGDP,this fiscalsystem may stumble upon major challenges in themedium to long term ifChina’slargecontingent fiscal liabilitiesare als…     

Intended electoral participation in transition countries

This paper examines the determinants of intended electoral participation. We analyze attitudes to both referenda and voting in national elections. Sample survey data are obtained from the Eurobarometer survey of transition countries in Central and Eastern Europe. The empirical results suggest that intended electoral participation increases with age, income and education. But attitudinal variables are also important and in particular confidence in the free market economy and satisfaction with the general development of the country impact positively on intended electoral participation. Received: Received: April 2003 / Accepted: August 2004, Accepted: Received: April 2003 / Accepted: August 2004, JEL Classification: H26, K42 We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of CERGE-EI. We are also grateful for the helpful comments of three anonymous referees, the journal editor and R. Filer and L. Squires.     

中小企业贷款融资的现状分析及其支持体系构建

文章从目前中小企业贷款融资现状出发,对国有商业银行、地方金融机构、担保机构三方面信贷支持进行分析,从而提出构建以地方金融机构为主体、国家政策性银行为补充、信用担保机构为辅助的贷款支持体系,以期从根本上解决中小企业贷款支持问题。     

基于无线技术的仓储拣选作业流程再造方案分析

对传统的仓储拣选作业流程进行了研究分析,提出了基于无线技术的仓储拣选作业流程再造方案,并对两者进行了对比分析,阐述了再造后的拣选作业流程采用无线技术及其相关技术后的诸多优点及发展前景.     

西部经济发展与地方政府的制度创新

从经济发展与地方政府的关系入手,分析现阶段西部地方政府在经济发展中所需要的相关制度创新可得出,西部经济的发展归根结底来自于自我的发展能力,而不是依靠不可持续的、外来的资源支持.实践表明,地方政府可以通过提供基础设施、突破低水平发展的瓶颈等相关的制度创新来弥补市场机制的不成熟,也可改善非市场机制的运行,从而推动经济的发展.     

学科梯队建设——提升地方本科院校办学水平的关键

学科梯队建设是地方本科院校师资队伍建设和学科建设的战略抓手,是提高本科教学质量的保障,是提升办学水平的关键,也是科技创新和学术攻关的客观需要。地方高校应大力加强学科梯队建设,创新管理机制和体制,围绕学科建设发展规划,以重点学科为依托,加大学科(学术)带头人和中青年骨干教师的培养与引进,努力形成结构合理的学科梯队。     

我国地区间的财力差异——基于地方税体系与转移支付体系的比较分析

和谐社会的建设客观上要求各地居民享有相对均等的公共服务水平,各地公共服务水平的差异主要是由以财政支出量为指标的财力差异决定的。我们测算了地方税收入各项目和转移支付体系各项目对地区间财政支出差异的相对贡献,以期为缩小地区财力差异和优化财政转移支付体系结构提供科学依据。     

The evolution of consumer knowledge and sources of information: Hungary in transition

The authors’ research in Hungary during the period of transition to a market economy provides an opportunity to examine the evolving relationships between consumer product knowledge and its antecedents, including advertising, personal search, interpersonal sources, and brand experience. Their findings, based on survey data collected in Budapest in 1992 and 1998, indicate that the market information variables explain more variance in consumer knowledge later rather than earlier in the transition. Advertising is an important predictor of consumer knowledge later but not earlier in the transition, personal search is important at both times, and interpersonal sources are not important in either time period; brand experience is negatively related to knowledge earlier in the transition and positively related later in the transition. This study allows one to begin to understand the boundary conditions associated with studies conducted in developed economies. Managerial implications for firms investing in transitional economies are presented. Robin A. Coulter (robin.coulter@business.uconn.edu) is Ackerman Scholar and an associate professor of marketing in the School of Business at the University of Connecticut. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Pittsburgh. Her research interests include branding, cross-cultural consumer behavior, advertising, and research methods. Her work has appeared in theJournal of Consumer Research, the Journal of Consumer Psychology, theJournal of Applied Psychology, and theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing. Linda L. Price (llprice@email.arizona.edu) is Soldwedel Professor of Marketing in the Eller School of Management at the University of Arizona. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Austin. Her research combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies to examine the active, emotional, imaginative aspects of consumers’ decisions and activities, and the social and cultural context of marketplace behaviors. Her work has appeared in theJournal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing, and other leading marketing, management, and social science journals. Lawrence Feick (feick@katz.pitt.edu) is a professor of business administration in the Katz Graduate School of Business at the University of Pittsburgh. He received his Ph.D. from Pennsylvania State University. His current research focuses on cross-cultural consumer behavior, consumer word-of-mouth, and referrals. His work has appeared in the Journal of Marketing, theJournal of Marketing Research, the Journal of Consumer Research, Psychological Bulletin, andPublic Opinion Quarterly. Camelia Micu (camelia.micu@business.uconn.edu) is a marketing doctoral candidate at the University of Connecticut. Her research interests include advertising and product trial and cross-cultural consumer behavior.     

出口退税分税制:未竟的改革

2004年开始实施的旨在减轻中央政府退税负担的出口退税分税制，在执行过程中会遇到诸如地方政府财政困难而无力承担退税义务、难以有效抑制地方政府的出口冲动和跨地区退税难以协调等问题。为保证出口退税分税制的顺利实施，就要平衡地方政府的事权与财权，建立健全政府信用体系，坚持增值税征收权利与退还义务相平衡的原则，同时还要保持政策的灵活性。