Technical efficiency and use of information and communication technology in Spanish firms

The literature concerned with the relationship between performance and information and communications technology (ICT) is usually focused on the ICT investments. This paper shows that it is the level of use of ICT within organisations, with preference as regards the expenses of ICT, which is responsible for the effect on performance. A general sample of 2255 Spanish companies has been used. Firms’ performance is measured as technical efficiency, which is determined by a data envelopment analysis (DEA), in which special attention is paid to the problem of the outliers. Finally, the analysis of the level of use of ICT is focused on a key area of the organisations, the supply chain, which affects the technical efficiency of the firms analysed. Results show that there is evidence of a positive effect of the use of ICT on technical efficiency. This effect is especially notable at intensive use levels in activities related to operations/manufacturing, purchasing or sales.     

Global value chains,large-scale farming,and poverty: Long-term effects in Senegal

This paper presents panel data evidence on the impact of expansion of global value chains and large-scale export-oriented farms in developing countries over almost a decade. We estimate the income effects of wage employment on large-scale farms in the horticultural export sector in Senegal, using data from two survey rounds covering a seven-years period of rapid expansion of the sector. We estimate average income effects as well as heterogeneous income effects, using fixed effects and quantile fixed effects regressions. We find that poverty and inequality reduced much faster in the research area than elsewhere in Senegal. Employment in the horticultural export sector is associated with higher household income and the income effect is strongest for the poorest households. Expansion of the horticultural export sector in Senegal has been particularly pro-poor through creating employment that is accessible and creates substantial income gains for the poorest half of the rural population. These pro-poor employment effects contrast with insights in the literature on increased inequality from rural wage employment.     

日本对华直接投资的发展变化及对策分析

随着中日关系及经济联系的发展变化，日本对华直接投资也呈不断波动的趋势。研究日本对华直接投资的变化规律将有助于我国更好地利用外资，加快经济发展的速度。     

江苏省区域高新技术创业环境与规模的综合评价

本文拟对区域高新技术创业环境与规模作出定量分析,在构建的评价指标体系基础上,利用因子分析法和SPSS10 0软件,对江苏省十三个省辖市进行实证分析,算出主因子得分和总指标得分,并对计算结果进行综合分析,最后对这些地区的高新技术创业环境与规模的发展战略提出一些对策。     

代理人产出影响因素调查分析

本文作者在进行针对代理人的问卷调查的基础上,对影响代理人产出的各个影响因素进行了统计分析,并进一步与历史调查结论进行比较,讨论影响代理人产出的各个影响因素及其变化,以及这些调查数据分析结论对保险个人代理人的招聘工作的理论借鉴。     

辽宁省石佛寺供水系统风险分析及其风险规避措施

以辽宁省石佛寺供水系统为例,从供水系统潜在的主要风险出发,把供水系统风险情景分为外部风险和内部风险两大类,在此基础上,从地下水位动态特征和地下水水质变化特征两个方面对石佛寺供水系统风险进行了比拟分析,最后提出了规避风险的综合性措施,旨在为供水系统风险管理和制定水源保护措施提供参考。     

The evolution of financial constraints

We demonstrate that the severity of financial constraints has declined over time for two reasons: (i) improved access to external funds as evidenced by a decreased reliance on internal cash flows, and (ii) an inward shifting investment frontier with reduced investment opportunities. The decline in financial constraints coincides with the documented diminishing sensitivity of investment to cash flows, yet we show that cash flows remain a determining factor in helping constrained firms overcome restricted access to external capital. There is a flight-to-quality during economic shocks, where the adverse effects following periods of tightened credit are particularly pronounced for smaller firms, with larger firms appearing largely unaffected.     

A case study of condition based maintenance modelling based upon the oil analysis data of marine diesel engines using stochastic filtering

This paper presents a case study of condition based maintenance modelling based on measured metal concentrations observed in oil samples of a fleet of marine diesel engines. The decision model for optimising the replacement time of the diesel engines conditional on observed measurements is derived and applied to the case discussed. We described the datasets, which were cleaned and re-organised according to the need of the research. The residual time distribution required in the decision model was formulated using a technique called stochastic filtering. Procedures for model parameter estimation are constructed and discussed in detail. The residual life model presented has been fitted to the case data, and the modelling outputs are discussed.     

市场研究在石油化工行业中的应用

运用科学的手段建立稳定的市场来源渠道,做好市场信息的收集及预测分析,协助公司制定正确的发展战略具有重大意义。     

西宁市建筑施工垃圾的管理及对策研究

近年来我国建筑业发展迅速,西宁市城市化进程导致新建、改建、扩建、拆除工程随处可见,因而在施工阶段产生大量的建筑施工垃圾。如果对这些垃圾不进行有效分析和管理,产量加剧会更加严重,对环境污染也会更严重。本文针对西宁建筑施工垃圾管理现状,提出相对应的有效对策。