The effects of rural–urban migration on corporate innovation: Evidence from a natural experiment in China

We show that the migration of low-skilled, rural workers to urban centers has a negative causal effect on innovation of firms in such urban centers. Our tests exploit the staggered relaxation of city-level household registration system in China, which facilitates rural residents to migrate to cities. We find a significant decrease in innovation for firms headquartered in cities that have adopted such policies relative to firms headquartered in cities that have not. Overall, our results support the view that an abundant supply of low-skilled workers increases the benefit of using existing low-skilled technology and thus reduces firms’ incentive to innovate.     

农村劳动力转移影响因素分析:29个省市的经验数据

在分析和评价传统理论和已有文献的基础上,突破单一的城乡收入差距影响农村劳动力转移的传统思维,构建出农村劳动力转移不仅受迁移地非农收入的实际效用因素的影响,受迁移成本变动因素影响的理论模型。根据全国29个省市1995-2006年的面板数据,经过单位根检验和协整关系检验,利用回归模型,估计分析了非农收入的实际效用因素和非农收入成本因素对农村劳动力转移的影响度。城乡收入差距、非农产业生产总值比率与农村劳动力转移呈正相关,城乡消费支出比率、城镇失业率分别作为农村劳动力转移的直接价格成本和就业风险成本与农村劳动力转移呈负相关关系。要进一步促进我国农村劳动力向城镇的合理转移,必须从两个方面着手:一是提高非农收入的实际效用,二是降低非农收入的成本率。     

劳动力流动与产业组织变化的互动关系研究——以中国汽车产业为例

国内外理论界对劳动力流动和产业组织变化的研究，长期以来主要是沿单一线路推进——要么主要研究劳动力流动问题、要么主要研究产业组织变化问题。而很少有学者对两者之间的互动关系进行深入研究。本文以中国汽车产业为分析对象．运用实证方法对劳动力流动与产业组织变化的互动关系进行了研究．分析了两者之间的互相影响效应．提炼、归纳出了一些具有规律性的新结论。论文最后从新的角度分析了中国汽车产业组织结构欠优化、劳动力配置不合理的成因．并提出了解决问题的对策建议。     

内蒙古城镇化现状及问题分析

对内蒙古城镇化现状、存在的问题进行了分析,认为农牧区剩余劳动力转移、城镇基础设施建设、城镇化质量、城镇体系结构、区域城镇化发展不平衡等问题阻碍了内蒙古城镇化进程的步伐,并针对内蒙古的实际情况提出加快城镇化进程的具体举措。     

HOW TO MEASURE LABOUR MARKET EFFECTS OF IMMIGRATION: A REVIEW

Abstract.  This paper surveys available empirical evidence on labour market effects of immigration. Many different approaches have been used already to try to find out whether immigration hurts the labour market opportunities of natives. No doubt new approaches will follow in the future as globalization will keep the migration issue on the agenda. This literature review discusses the different approaches concentrating on both the methodology and the results. At the end, it tries to summarize available evidence.     

Investing back homeReturn migration and business ownership in Albania1

This study uses data from the 2005 Albania Living Standards Measurement Study survey to assess the impact of past migration experience of Albanian households on non‐farm business ownership through instrumental variables regression techniques. Considering the differences in earning potentials and opportunities for skill acquisition in different destination countries, we differentiate the impact of past household migration experience by main migrant destinations. The study also explores the heterogeneity of impact based on the timing of migration. The empirical results indicate that past household migration experience exerts a positive impact on the probability of owning a non‐farm business. While one additional year in Greece increases the probability of household business ownership by roughly 6 percent, a similar experience in Italy or farther destinations raises the probability by over 25 percent. Although past household migration experience for the period of 1990–2000 is positively associated with the likelihood of owning a household enterprise, a similar association does not exist for the period of 2001–2004.     

产业转移过程中的投资软环境因素分析

中国区域经济发展的差异性决定了产业梯度转移的一个必然趋势.一个地区的投资软环境在很大程度上决定了产业转移过程中的企业投资区位选择.正式制度安排与非正式制度安排两方面的因素合成的投资软环境对企业投资以及产业转移都具有影响,从长远看,投资硬环境将逐渐趋同,地区吸引产业转移的竞争主要集中在软环境的优劣上.     

关于促进库区和移民安置区经济社会发展的探讨

目前我国水库移民的生产生活条件依然普遍较差,库区和移民安置区的基础设施薄弱,经济社会发展滞后,已成为制约区域经济发展和影响社会稳定的重要问题。本文结合湖北省的实际,从运行机制、项目规划、项目建设和强化监管等方面对于如何促进库区和移民安置区经济社会发展进行了有益的探讨。