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991.
介绍了国际VC市场的竞争与变化,剖析了中国企业的成功做法,指出政府及行业监管部门在行业整合过程中的积极作用,并通过对东北制药总厂的案例分析,揭示了规模经济和自主知识产权在国际市场竞争中的重要性,指出中国VC行业的竞争策略,对欲参与国际市场竞争的中国企业有一定的启发和借鉴意义。 相似文献
992.
This paper explores the mechanism by which trust climate influences individual performance. From the perspective of psychological
dynamics, we investigate the relationship among perceptions of organizational climate, motivation and individual behaviors
to crystallize how a trustworthy organizational environment favors superior individual performance. 203 employees and their
supervisors participated in this study, the results show that trust climate benefits individual performance through fostering
psychological safety, which in turn influences individual performance via two mutually complementary pathways, namely ability
to focus and organizational learning. Psychological safety is conducive to increasing individual ability to focus and improving
job performance. Moreover, it is also instrumental in enhancing individual willingness to learn and experiment with new methods
as an effort to achieve superior performance. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.
__________
Translated and revised from Xinli kexue xuebao 心理科学学报 (Acta Psychologica Sinica), 2007, 39(6): 1111–1121 相似文献
993.
气候变化对欧洲农业的系统影响及对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
白崇军 《全球科技经济瞭望》2009,24(12):5-16
本文基于欧洲气候变化的历史演进与未来情景,系统分析了气候变化对欧洲农业的历史和潜在影响,提供了欧洲农业应对气候变化的适应性措施,及其对中国未来农业发展的启示和建议。 相似文献
994.
The transition to agriculture is generally acknowledged to be the economic foundation for population growth over the last
10,000 years and for modern civilization itself. Dates for pristine transitions to agriculture have become a key input into
empirical work on economic growth over the very long run. We propose a model of the transition in which population and technology
respond endogenously to climate. The available data on the southwest Asian case, other cases of pristine transition, and cases
of non-transition are consistent with our model, but often inconsistent with rival explanations. In addition, our theory of
the origins of agriculture has implications for instrumental variable strategies that can be used in empirical research on
long run economic growth and development.
相似文献
995.
The potential of a theory based on organizational memes in coevolution with the environment has been postulated, but remains
empirically under-developed. This study explores whether understanding organizational memetic variation is empirically possible
and, if so, whether it might, with further development, provide managers with early indications of a misalignment between
organizational action (operationalized as memetic variation) and strategic intent—the amount of memetic variation needed to
stay aligned with the competitive environment. A method for empirically identifying knowledge-based memes in everyday practice
is developed. It stems from modern advances in genetics allowing micro-level changes in genes to be linked to macro-environmental
dynamics. Using the concept that memetic variation is caused by everyday, uncontrollable uncertainties of interpretation,
memetic variation is reduced to seven categorical types. A highly exploratory quasi-experimental design allows a preliminary
comparison of a would-be innovative ‘Portfolio Management Committee’ with self-organizing Internet chat-room settings that
are representational of open-source innovation. Results are consistent with predictions showing that higher levels of variation
are seen in the latter, despite the former’s strategic intent of innovating to stay aligned with a dynamic environment. Further
work is needed, however, to test reliability and validity.
相似文献
996.
会计政策选择是影响企业财务信息质量的一个重要方面。本文对上市公司会计政策变更进行分析 ,并阐明上市公司会计政策变更目的是为了操纵利润 相似文献
997.
国有企业在股份制改造中存在两个突出问题 :在微观层面上 ,目前的股份制改造没有彻底解决建立现代企业制度的问题 ;在宏观层面上 ,股份制改造未能很好适应国有经济布局战略调整的要求。 相似文献
998.
Codes of Ethics as Signals for Ethical Behavior 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
This study investigated effects of codes of ethics on perceptions of ethical behavior. Respondents from companies with codes of ethics (n = 465) rated role set members (top management, supervisors, peers, subordinates, self) as more ethical and felt more encouraged and supported for ethical behavior than respondents from companies without codes (n = 301). Key aspects of the organizational climate, such as supportiveness for ethical behavior, freedom to act ethically, and satisfaction with the outcome of ethical problems were impacted by the presence of an ethics code. The mere presence of a code of ethics appears to have a positive impact on perceptions of ethical behavior in organizations, even when respondents cannot recall specific content of the code. 相似文献
999.
According to intuition and theories of diffusion, consumer preferences develop along with technological change. However, most economic models designed for policy simulation unrealistically assume static preferences. To improve the behavioral realism of an energy–economy policy model, this study investigates the “neighbor effect,” where a new technology becomes more desirable as its adoption becomes more widespread in the market. We measure this effect as a change in aggregated willingness to pay under different levels of technology penetration. Focusing on hybrid-electric vehicles (HEVs), an online survey experiment collected stated preference (SP) data from 535 Canadian and 408 Californian vehicle owners under different hypothetical market conditions.Revealed preference (RP) data was collected from the same respondents by eliciting the year, make and model of recent vehicle purchases from regions with different degrees of HEV popularity: Canada with 0.17% new market share, and California with 3.0% new market share. We compare choice models estimated from RP data only with three joint SP–RP estimation techniques, each assigning a different weight to the influence of SP and RP data in coefficient estimates. Statistically, models allowing more RP influence outperform SP influenced models. However, results suggest that because the RP data in this study is afflicted by multicollinearity, techniques that allow more SP influence in the beta estimates while maintaining RP data for calibrating vehicle class constraints produce more realistic estimates of willingness to pay. Furthermore, SP influenced coefficient estimates also translate to more realistic behavioral parameters for CIMS, allowing more sensitivity to policy simulations. 相似文献
1000.
Optimal Timing of Climate Change Policy: Interaction Between Carbon Taxes and Innovation Externalities 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Reyer Gerlagh Snorre Kverndokk Knut Einar Rosendahl 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2009,43(3):369-390
This paper addresses the impact of endogenous technology through research and development (R&D) on the timing of climate change
policy. We develop a model with a stock pollutant (carbon dioxide) and abatement technological change through R&D, and we
use the model to study the interaction between carbon taxes and innovation externalities. Our analysis shows that the timing
of optimal emission reduction policy strongly depends on the set of policy instruments available. When climate-specific R&D
targeting instruments are available, policy has to use these to step up early innovation. When these instruments are not available,
policy has to steer innovation through creating demand for emission saving technologies. That is, carbon taxes should be high
compared to the Pigouvian levels when the abatement industry is developing. Finally, we calibrate the model in order to explore
the magnitude of the theoretical findings within the context of climate change policy.
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