台湾农民创业园发展条件、建设进展及推进策略选择——基于浙、闽两省的调查分析

台湾农民创业园是海峡两岸现代农业合作的重要成果与发展创新之一。本文着重从引进台资和优良农业品种、先进生产技术及其经营管理经验等方面,就创业园建设的主要做法与成效问题进行较全面归纳总结,提出促进创业园又好又快发展的配套策略措施。     

新形势下我国农业产业链危机分析

外资在国内的抢购粮食行为再次拉响了粮食安全的警报。文章以农业产业链为对象,分析了在农资供应、粮食生产和购销、粮食加工及制成品销售等方面潜藏的危机。文章从政府扶持、做大做强粮食国企、培植品牌和打击粮食投机等方面探讨了新形势下打造我国安全农业产业链的思路。     

浅议完善和健全我国农村社会保障制度之必要性

农村社会保障制度是国家社会保障的重要组成部分,它关系到广大农民群众的切身利益,是社会稳定与国家长治久安的重要保证。本文从五个方面分析和探讨了完善和健全我国农村社会保障制度的必要性,为各级行政部门下定决心,排除干扰,高度重视并切实有效的解决我国农村社会保障实践中存在的各种问题,提供了理论依据。     

Methods and tools for integrated assessment of land use policies on sustainable development in developing countries

For stimulating sustainable development in developing countries, land use patterns and land use changes are considered critical, and therefore effective and efficient land use policies are needed. In this paper we present a methodological framework that has been developed in a joint European and developing countries project (LUPIS – Land Use Policies and Sustainable Development in Developing Countries), to assess the impact of land use policies on sustainable development in developing countries. An illustrative application is presented for a case study in China, where water pollution due to agriculture in Taihu Basin is a major problem.     

Can farmers extend their cultivation areas in urban agriculture? A contribution from agronomic analysis of market gardening systems around Mahajanga (Madagascar)

The rapid urbanization in developing countries implies an increasing pressure on urban agriculture for production. As most perishable food products come from this agriculture in close proximity to population concentrations, we analysed from an agronomic point of view how market-garden farmers can meet this increasing urban demand. This work took place in the case of Mahajanga, a secondary city with high increasing demographic rate on the Northwest coast of Madagascar. Based on preliminary surveys to characterize the farming systems (on a sample of 91 farms), 11 market-garden farmers chosen in the three main agricultural zones of the urban area were surveyed during two years. Surveys aimed at understanding their decision rules in crop choices, crop allocation to land and resource management, and to estimate their room for manoeuvre to increase their leafy vegetable areas under cultivation. The wholesalers and retailers who buy the farmers’ produce were also surveyed. A previous model of decision rules regarding crop location on farm territory was used to analyse the on-farm surveys and cartographic methods (GIS and on-farm manual representations) were used to quantify the land use. We highlight the following major points. (1) The leafy vegetable production in the surveyed farms already intensively uses land: farmers have complex decision rules largely depending on the water dynamics in the two main environments (lowlands and lakesides) where leafy vegetables are cultivated during the dry season. (2) The scarcity of farmers’ resources (labour money and water) leads to very little internal room for manoeuvre to increase the leafy vegetable production in the farms. (3) At territorial level however, some land reserve exist in one of the lowlands, but not on lakesides. The water availability for agriculture must be better informed through specialized hydrologic studies, as one of the main constraints nowadays to extend the agricultural area. An extrapolation to other cases of urban agriculture is then discussed as well as the role of agronomy to help urban planners to consider the place of agriculture in the urban development.     

基于粮食安全视角的海洋农业发展价值分析

论文从粮食安全的视角分析了我国陆上粮食生产面临的挑战,阐释了现代食物观,认为维护我国粮食安全需要节流开源发展海洋农业,构建现代食物观,通过多种途径维护食物安全;论文阐述了海洋农业的基础地位,指出了其在完善农业产业链条、维护粮食安全体系完整等方面的基础性价值,并提出了发展我国海洋农业的政策建议。     

拉丁美洲农业利用外国直接投资的实践及启示

拉美农业利用外国直接投资(FDI)的实践表明,外国直接投资在促进拉美农业发展的同时,也给拉美农业带来了诸如被跨国公司支配、转移不适宜技术、造成单一的农业生产结构、环境破坏和劳动力失业等一系列社会经济问题.文章针对拉美农业利用外国直接投资的教训,提出我国农业利用外国直接投资必须遵循的原则.     

张掖地区土地资源的可持续利用

本文论述了张掖地区土地资源可持续利用与经济、社会可持续发展的关系,分析了张掖地区土地资源利用的有利和不利因素,提出了相应对策。     

中国粮食生产激励机制及调整对策研究

本文从分析家庭联产承包责任制的激励机制入手,认为家庭联产承包责任制下我国粮食生产的激励机制包括两个层次:一是压力督促型;二是政策奖励型。而在农村经济获得一定发展并全面引入市场经济机制和随着我国成功入世之后,这两个层次的激励机制基本失灵或存在严重的失灵危机,因此政府必须尽快构建适应市场经济体制的激励机制,以保证我国粮食生产水平的稳定和提高。     

扎实推进社会主义新农村建设

文章指出建设社会主义新农村是中国特色社会主义现代化建设的必然要求,是解决"三农问题"的关键所在,要用科学发展观统领社会主义新农村建设.