税收负担对企业固定资产投资的影响——基于税种差异视角的研究

本文以2003—2018年中国上市企业数据为样本,从税种差异视角分析了增值税有效税率与企业所得税有效税率变化对企业固定资产投资的影响。研究发现,增值税有效税率与企业固定资产投资的关系依赖于宏观经济环境和企业税负转嫁能力。具体而言,在经济上行期或税负转嫁能力较强的企业中,增值税有效税率降低促进了企业固定资产投资增加。所得税有效税率与企业固定资产投资之间始终为显著负相关关系。所得税有效税率的降低可以通过增强企业内外部融资能力来促进其固定资产投资增加,特别是当企业债务风险相对较低时,所得税有效税率下降对固定资产投资的正向影响效果会随企业融资约束程度的上升而增大。本文分析在一定程度上说明了不同税种的税负变化对企业投资产生差异化影响,进而为减税助力企业投资提供了新的微观经验证据。     

中国上市银行特许权价值的自律效应

银行特许权价值是银行风险自我约束的重要机制。本文使用托宾Q值衡量了中国14家上市银行的特许权价值,借助面板数据回归分析对银行特许权价值的自律效应进行了实证检验。结果表明:上市银行特许权价值对反映外部评价的市场风险确实存在着自律效应,但还未对表现为内部风险控制的资本充足率产生显著作用。因国家对银行业提供了全面担保,银行所有制性质对银行风险无显著影响。随着银行业竞争日趋激烈,通过引导商业银行提升特许权价值来激励银行审慎经营并加强内部风险控制,对后金融危机时期中国银行业的健康稳定发展具有积极意义。     

数字普惠金融在农业智慧化中的作用——基于技术创新的中介作用和农业经营规模的调节作用

通过构建农业智慧化水平指标,利用双重固定效应模型,就数字普惠金融对智慧农业的作用进行了实证检验。研究发现,从直接作用机制看,数字普惠金融有利于智慧农业发展;从间接作用机制来看,技术创新在数字普惠金融对智慧农业发展的影响中产生了部分中介作用;农业经营规模在其中起到了调节作用。异质性分析发现,数字普惠金融对智慧农业的发展存在区域异质性和维度异质性。     

基金现金流、明星基金与溢出效应

本文建立动态面板数据模型,运用系统广义矩(System GMM)方法对基金现金流和基金业绩、明星基金和溢出效应的关系进行考察。结果发现,无论是从单只基金层面还是从基金系层面,基金(基金系)现金流都与基金(基金系)业绩呈显著负相关。对明星基金本身来说,表现为净现金流出;但明星基金为同属一个基金系的其他成员基金带来显著的正向溢出效应。另外,从基金系角度看,虽然存在溢出效应,明星基金的存在并没有给整个基金系带来显著的现金流入,说明基金系的造星策略并不十分有效。     

对中国各省资本存量的估计及典型性事实：1978～2008

本文通过对基年资本存量、当年投资数据、固定资产价格指数和折旧率进行了认真的处理和计算,并利用永续盘存法对改革开放以来各省资本存量进行了较为准确的估计。进一步回归分析得出,资本存量增长与经济增长密切相关,而资本产出比率则与经济增长负相关。这与经济理论及国内有关学者的研究结论一致。     

Hedging securities and Silicon Valley Bank idiosyncrasies

Hedging requires adequacy and timing. This paper finds that banks did not systematically ignore balance-sheet risks like Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), and instead exercised risk management by asymmetrically increasing hedging activity when security losses increase and scaling back hedging activity as security losses reverse. Banks also hedge against bank runs when risk increases due to a combination of security losses and funding risks from unsecured deposits. Findings suggest SVB's mistakes are idiosyncratic. Results suggest that nonstress test banks target balance-sheet risks when hedging, stabilizing themselves from interest rate shocks transmitted through fixed-income securities. Scrutiny of rules-based outliers like SVB is preferable to increased regulatory burden for all nonstress test banks.     

Raising the bar (7)

This editorial summarises the papers published in issue 13.1 so as to raise the bar in applied spatial economic research and highlight new trends. The first paper adopts a scale neutral approach to investigate the spatial mechanisms that cause regional innovation and growth. The second paper claims that population-weighting when calculating indices of regional inequality might lead to inconsistent outcomes. The third paper estimates the effect of distance between family residence and higher education institution on a student's academic performance, thereby accounting for endogenous regressors. The fourth paper shows an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic development at region of origin and the propensity to migrate using a multilevel approach. The fifth paper provides spatial econometric evidence of price competition between sellers of used books on Amazon.com. The last paper estimates a hedonic housing price equation and parameterizes the spatial weight matrix to determine how far back in time buyers, sellers and realtors are looking at the housing market.     

Destination attractiveness and travel intention: the case of Chinese and Indian students in Queensland,Australia

Destination attractiveness is an important stream of literature. Australia has been recognized as one of the world’s most attractive destinations. This study looked into international students’ perceptions of Australia as an attractive international tourism destination as well as their travel intention. A sample of 252 Chinese and Indian international students participated in the study. Students’ perceived destination attractiveness and how it influenced their travel intention, pleasure of travel and place attachment were investigated. The study also looked into perception differences between Chinese and Indian students using t-test and hierarchical regressions.     

监管制度、行业属性与企业环境投资——基于行业差异的影响因素识别与解析

本文运用固定效应模型和随机效应模型,对行业监管制度、行业属性与企业环境投资之间的关系进行实证研究,剖析基于行业差异的企业环境投资驱动因素。结果表明行业监管制度对于提升企业环境投资水平的作用未得到充分发挥,重污染企业并没有比非重污染企业投入更多的环保资金,重污染行业属性未增强监管制度对企业环境投资的促进作用;企业环境投资水平会随着企业规模的壮大、发展能力的提升而显著提高,盈利能力、盈余质量较好的企业环境投资水平相对较高,成长性较好的企业环境投资水平反而较低;非重污染行业中,营运能力与企业环境投资正相关,发展能力与重污染企业环境投资负相关,与非重污染企业正相关,偿债能力对企业环境投资的影响有限。     

Does engagement in corporate social responsibility provide strategic insurance‐like effects?

Research summary : This study examines whether the stock and bond prices of firms engaging in corporate social responsibility (CSR) can benefit from insurance‐like effects during occurrences of negative events. Our results suggest that in the face of negative events, engagement in CSR on a continuous, long‐term basis provides insurance‐like effects on both the stock and bond prices of firms. Nevertheless, the effects are found to quickly disappear following the occurrence of a second, or subsequent, negative event. Although our results clearly indicate that firms need to allocate some of their available resources to long‐term strategic CSR activities, managers must also realize that in a crisis communication, they will probably be able to use their CSR claims on one occasion only. Managerial summary : The purpose of this article is to examine whether firms engaging in corporate social responsibility (CSR) can benefit from insurance‐like effects during occurrences of negative events. We find that on the occurrence of a negative event, long‐term CSR engagement does have insurance‐like effects. We also find that these insurance‐like effects may quickly disappear following the occurrence of a second negative event. Managers of firms with a long history of CSR activities need to realize that in a crisis communication, they can probably use their claims of adherence to CSR only once. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.