基于帕累托最优的京津冀旅游企业合作路径选择

区域旅游企业合作已经成为提高区域旅游的竞争力,是改善区域旅游总体形象,实施区域旅游业持续、健康、快速发展的重要途径之一。现阶段,京津冀旅游企业合作有集团化和战略联盟两种模式。但因在合作中不能实现帕累托最优或改进,造成了京津冀旅游企业合作限于行政区域内合作和远距离合作为主,区域之间的合作结构松散,不能实现规模效应和范围经济。因此,政府在旅游企业因收益差距太大而不愿合作时,应该给予足够的政策引导及利益补偿机制,企业本身应对合作模式慎重选择,并建立合理的公司治理结构,共同推进合作创新,最终实现京津冀区域旅游业的可持续发展。     

深基坑双排桩支护结构优化设计

建立了多设计准则,多约束条件的面向桩－土相互作用的双排桩支护结构优化设计模型,给出了模型与结构分析软件及优化算法软件相结合的优化设计方法。完成了高层建筑深基坑双排桩支护实例的优化设计,并分析了桩身刚度、桩的直径和前后排桩距对优化结果的影响,算例结果表明,本文提出的优化模型应用于双排桩支护结构设计将带来显著的经济效益。     

城镇社区安全管理模式的经济学分析

城镇社区安全是社会安全与稳定的基础。本文基于纳什均衡和帕累托理论,对城镇社区安全管理模式进行了经济学分析。结果显示,为实现社区安全管理资源的帕累托最优,需要改进现有的安全管理制度,通过契约协作的方式,协调社区联盟中每户居民的安全支出,以避免“搭便车”现象的发生。基于上述经济学理论分析,最后提出了有关实现社区安全管理制度创新的模式及相应对策措施。     

Returns of Education in the Czech Republic

Prepared for presentation at the Congress of the International Institute of Public Finance (IIPF) in Seville, Spain, 28–31 August 2000, for the session on the opportunity-equalising effects of fiscal systems.University education is nowadays provided as public goods in the Czech Republic. Due to economic pressure on public finance the trend of the 90s became the internalisation of costs associated with university education.The generally accepted hypothesis is that nowadays the returns from the costs of university education are achieved in a shorter time than before economic transition. Additionally, it is thought that the return on university education is differentiated by professions. We aim to test these hypotheses. That is why the cornerstone of our study is the deeper analysis of the differentiation of selected professions in the current state in comparison to the period before transition.After 1989, due to the economic transition and development of the market economy, wage differentiation accelerated in the Czech Republic. An important factor in differentiation seems to be the level of human capital, represented above all by university education. Education significantly increased the chance of finding a job, as another analysis has proven. However, these positive effects of education have been paid for by considerable monetary and non-monetary costs.The paper provides an economic analysis at the level of an individual and his point of return between costs and revenues from university education. To achieve an exact but still simple analysis we take into account only quantifiable monetary costs and revenues. The calculation of the point of return is done with the use of the construction of a cumulated whole-life income and its interpolation. The analysis uses data for the Czech Republic in 1988 and 1997.     

The theory of monetary integration

Research dealing with the theory of monetary integration is reviewed. After briefly describing the genesis of the theory as foreshadowed in work on optimum currency areas, the paper assesses two main areas of recent research — the analysis of the effects of disturbances on participating countries in a currency area, and reputational considerations. With regard to disturbances, the paper finds that it is difficult to draw clear-out inferences from theoretical work on the optimal degree of exchange rate management and from empirical studies on the effects of shocks. Work on reputational issues is found to suffer from conceptual problems and has generated empirical results that have not supported the hypothesis that participation in a currency area is a sufficient condition to enhance reputation.     

国际银行资本充足性管制有效性探析——兼评《巴塞尔协议》的资本充足率标准

按照存在破产成本和税收情况下的MM理论分析,只有管理当局确定的资本比率和银行最佳资本结构一致时,资本充足性管制才是完全有效的。实证检验表明,各国银行的最佳资本结构并不完全相同,资本比率与资本收益率之间也不存在协整关系,不存在一个适于所有银行的最佳资本比率。《巴     

对发挥施工机械设备效益的探讨

阐述了发挥施工机械设备效益是提高建筑施工企业劳动生产效率的重要条件,及建筑施工企业合理配置好机械设备的方法,并探索施工机械设备使用社会化之路,提出管理好施工机械设备的措施。     

几种集输管网井组划分方法的比较

比较了几种井组最优划分的数学模型,得出了由于井式约束与集输站处理量约束的限制,会导致集输站数量增加,从而使集输管网的经济性差的结论。应该综合考虑井产量和集输站处理量之间的关系,这样才能更加贴近实际,达到好的优化效果。     

Is a Common Currency Area Feasible for East Asia? A Multivariate Structural Vector Autoregression Approach

In this paper the feasibility of forming a common currency area in East Asia is investigated. A three‐variable structural vector autoregression model is used to identify three types of shocks: global, regional and domestic shocks. The empirical results show that in the post‐crisis period the importance of asymmetric domestic shocks has declined sharply, whereas that of symmetric global and regional shocks has increased. Furthermore, although a ‘prevalent shock’ cannot be uniquely defined, most East Asian economies respond to global and regional shocks in a symmetric way. Although the findings do not provide strong support for forming a common currency area in this region at the current stage, they suggest that most East Asian economies have become relatively symmetric in terms of economic shocks and adjustments, implying that a common currency area might become viable through deepening regional integration.