Differentiation of the Peasantry Under Feudalism and the Transition to Capitalism: In Defence of Rodney Hilton

The focus of the essay is one specific theme pursued by Rodney Hilton: that of differentiation of the English feudal peasantry and the implications this had for the development of capitalism in England. His contribution on this, along with those of E. A. Kosminsky and of Maurice Dobb, are considered and are contrasted with the view of Robert Brenner. For Brenner peasant differentiation has no causal importance: it is an outcome of transformation and not a driving force in its securing. For Hilton, it is central to transformation: it is not an outcome but a determining variable, a causa causans rather than a causa causata. The Brenner position, it is argued, is incomplete in its ignoring of peasant differentiation in feudal England. It was one of Hilton's accomplishments to explore this in scholarly detail, and with analytical precision. It is suggested that if this is abstracted from an adequate examination of the transition to capitalism in England cannot proceed.     

建立农民工社会保险制度探析——以九江市农民工为例

数量庞大的农民工为我国经济社会发展做出了巨大的贡献但其社会保险问题却没有得到解决。应当根据农民工自身特点,优先立工伤保险,分类分层次建立医疗保险,建立低门槛、宽覆盖面的养老险。     

完善现代农村教育的功能 服务于社会主义新农村建设

教育为经济发展服务,教育与经济发展是相辅相成、相互促进的。在建设社会主义新农村进程中,更应该发挥农村教育功能,为农村经济发展奠定坚实的基础。本文从发挥人才再生产的功能、普及推广科技知识的功能、农民素质全面教育的功能和农村教育全面服务功能等角度来完善现代农村教育,从而加快社会主义新农村建设。     

上海市外来务工人员的归化管理:反思与建议

大量的外来务工人员进入对上海市的城市管理体制提出了挑战,应重新定位政府的归化管理思想,多管齐下,和谐归化,构建统一的户籍身份制度,多方位促进群体间沟通与理解,同步增强市民与流动人口的现代意识,致力于建立一套新型的回应人口广泛流动的社会服务与社会管理相结合的吸纳体系.     

小农经营条件与农产品市场结构

市场经济条件下，小农经济是否能够实现规模经营以及实现条件与路径，一直是理论界的研究热点。本文认为，现代市场经济的竞争机制下，小农经济将长期存在。文章从农产品市场结构的两个方面分析小农经济存在原因以及实现再生产的内在机制特征。     

The Responsiveness of Households to Energy Demand Management Initiatives: Segmenting by Household Types

Segmentation is often a complex and costly process, which commonly involves identifying groups with differing attitudes and behaviors or demographics. However, the segments generated may not adequately explain differences between consumers, or it can be difficult to identify households for target marketing, which consequently makes it difficult to use segmentation in practice. In this paper we present segmentation by household type as a simple method of segmentation, accessible to nonprofit organizations with limited resources and able to be employed using a secondary data set or with relatively simple data collection and analysis. Despite its simplicity, our findings show that this form of segmentation differentiates well between segments in terms of their actual electricity use, their past efficiency behaviors and preferences for efficiency programs. The results of focus groups and a survey of 4,000 households reveal, among other things, the effect of having children and of marital status on energy use and efficiency behaviors, the high curtailment but low investment behaviors of single parent households, and the low efficiency behaviors of shared households.     

城市分户供暖系统刍议

作者指出 ,城市分户供暖系统实现了单户循环和分户控制 ,有利于转变 5 0多年来的采暖包烧制 ,可杜绝“搭车”采暖。文中以沈阳实践为例指出了一些存在的问题 ,并提出了具有可操作性的若干建议。     

A novel methodology for designing a household waste collection system for insular zones

This paper addresses the problem of designing a household waste collection system for rural insular areas using a barge for transportation, based on a novel mixed integer programming model that simultaneously integrates decisions of waste collection sites selection within the islands to be served, visit schedule for each selected collection site, and multi-period vehicle routing. An application to a real-world instance consisting of small rural islands located in the south of Chile shows the effectiveness and complexity of the model, along with the advantages of using a waste compactor instead of transporting the waste using bins onboard a barge.     

政府促进农民工就业的对策思考

农民工就业工作关系到农村经济发展和农民增收，对经济社会发展全局意义重大。当前农民工就业存在着层次低、组织化程度低、权益易遭侵犯等特点。该文分析了农民工就业问题产生的深层次原因，认为当前政府促进农民工就业重点是要做好六个方面的转移工作。