Does legal protection affect firm value? Evidence from China’s stock market

We examine the question of whether firms derive value in areas with higher legal protection by studying how the difference among regional legal protection levels affects capital market reactions to firms receiving administrative penalty in China. The results show that the level of legal protection has a positive effect on the market reaction to administrative penalty announcements, and the effect is attenuated by non‐state ownership. Furthermore, we find evidence of higher efficiency of law enforcement in regions with higher level of legal protection.     

基于依法行政视角的征信业监管研究

《征信业管理条例》颁布实施标志着我国征信业进入有法可依的时代,对我国征信业的健康发展影响深远.从依法行政的角度,对行政法的基本原则、具体行政行为在征信业监管过程中的适用以及权益救济方式进行深入分析,为中国人民银行及其分支机构有效履行征信业监管职责提供有益参考.     

我国环境刑罚轻缓化探析

毋庸置疑,在整个国际社会对环境犯罪处以轻缓刑罚的背景下,我国亦应该对环境刑罚采用轻缓化的原则。诚然,我国的环境刑罚制度与其他国家相比还有许多亟待完善的地方,但这并不妨碍我们在借鉴其他国家先进的立法经验的基础上构建适合我国具体国情的环境刑罚制度。在环境刑罚中要突出自由刑的适用,扩大并完善财产刑的适用,明确财产刑中过于模糊的规定,逐步改善环境犯罪的刑事处罚措施过于单一的缺点和功能上的不足,同时提高对辅助刑罚措施的关注。在环境犯罪方面,在适用传统刑罚措施惩治的基础上配合适用辅助刑罚措施,使我国环境刑罚轻缓化实践不至于成为一纸空谈。     

惩罚性损害赔偿制度引入侵权责任法之合理性分析

在私法公法化的背景下,民事立法者在建构市场交易机制时,有时也会考虑到自治条件的不足,从而引进国家行政管制甚或刑事制裁,以加速自治条件的完善。对于我国《侵权责任法》中要不要引入惩罚性赔偿之规定学界一直存在较大争议,因为此种主张违背民事责任补偿性赔偿的基本定位而被贴上“民法刑法化”的标签。以“民刑责任关系”来审视惩罚性赔偿的立法取舍,惩罚性赔偿的存在和发展是《侵权责任法》在民法社会化思潮冲击下的功能修正。是公私法日渐交融趋势下的立法回应,无论在“民刑责任关系”的协调方面,还是社会的现实基础方面,都具有正当性依据。     

基于监督与惩罚的食品供应链突发事件治理研究

构建以食品供应链内核心企业为主导、其他成员企业为从属关系的监管博弈模型,分析核心企业所实施的惩罚力度和发现概率两种监管手段对防范供应链成员非诚信行为的作用,并对两种监管手段的效果进行比较分析。     

Effectiveness of environmental regulations under imperfect enforcement and the firm's avoidance behavior

This paper explicitly defines enforcement quality and develops a model by incorporating enforcement quality and the firm's avoidance behavior. The results indicate that the effectiveness of environmental regulations is likely to depend upon the level of enforcement quality, as well as upon the nature of the firm's avoidance behavior. Policy instruments may become incompatible under certain circumstances. Enforcement quality should be properly targeted to enhance functional harmonization between instruments. The condition under which emission tax is more effective under imperfect enforcement than under complete enforcement is also identified.     

金融行政处罚监管与银行内部控制

金融风险的防范化解不仅需要加强外部监管,还需完善内部防控。本文以2007-2021 年沪深A 股上市银行为研究样本,检验金融行政处罚监管对银行内部控制质量的影响。研究发现,行政处罚监管能够改善银行内部控制质量,并且改善作用具有滞后性和持续性。通过对行政处罚公告的进一步分析发现,对机构和个人同时进行处罚时才能改善内部控制质量;对内部控制和信贷流程相关违法违规问题进行处罚时均能改善内部控制质量。在中小银行、经济政策不确定性高的情境下,行政处罚监管对内部控制质量的改善效果越好。作用机制分析发现,行政处罚监管通过发挥威慑效应、信息效应和治理效应,进而提高了银行的内部控制质量。经济后果检验发现,行政处罚监管对内部控制质量的改善能够降低银行风险承担水平和提升价值创造能力。研究结论对银行监管部门扎实推进党的二十大报告强调的加强和完善现代金融监管、守住不发生系统性风险底线的要求具有重要启示。     

Granger causality detection in high-dimensional systems using feedforward neural networks

This paper proposes a novel methodology to detect Granger causality on average in vector autoregressive settings using feedforward neural networks. The approach accommodates unknown dependence structures between elements of high-dimensional multivariate time series with weak and strong persistence. To do this, we propose a two-stage procedure: first, we maximize the transfer of information between input and output variables in the network in order to obtain an optimal number of nodes in the intermediate hidden layers. Second, we apply a novel sparse double group lasso penalty function in order to identify the variables that have the predictive ability and, hence, indicate that Granger causality is present in the others. The penalty function inducing sparsity is applied to the weights that characterize the nodes of the neural network. We show the correct identification of these weights so as to increase sample sizes. We apply this method to the recently created Tobalaba network of renewable energy companies and show the increase in connectivity between companies after the creation of the network using Granger causality measures to map the connections.     

Parenthood penalty and gender wage gap: Recent evidence from Thailand

This study first examines the evolution of gender wage gap in Thailand, using cross-sectional data from the Labor Force Survey (LFS) for 1985–2017. We find that education, occupation, and industry significantly contribute to gender wage gap convergence in Thailand. Furthermore, for females, the wage gap between mothers and non-mothers has increased over time, while for males, the changes are relatively small. Thereafter, we examine the gender wage gap associated with marriage and parental status, using panel data from the Socio-Economic Survey (SES) for 2005–2012, and find wage penalty for both motherhood and fatherhood in Thailand.     

海关行政处罚中“漏缴税款”之法律解释学研究

“漏缴税款”是海关行政处罚中较有争议的一个的问题,对该词的不同理解,会导致海关行政处罚结果的天壤之别.通过法律解释学中文义解释、逻辑解释、目的解释、系统解释四种主要解释方法对该词进行分析,可发现“漏缴税款”的字面含义为“税款有流失”,不包括“税款可能流失”的风险,且其他法律、行政法规对“漏缴税款”（漏税）均以“税款有流失”为认定标准,海关“涉税”违法行为处罚条款的设定也是以确保海关正常履行征税职责为目的,故海关行政处罚中的“漏缴税款”应理解为“税款实际流失”.