Devising an electronically supported heritage conservation method for the Valley of Flowers in the Indian Himalayas

The Valley of Flowers is a national park in the Himalayan state of Uttarakhand in India that was classified as a world natural heritage site in 1988. Around 1982, its maximum carrying capacity was fixed at 60 persons per day, which has been called excessive by experts and observers, given the extremely fragile and immensely valuable nature of the Valley's heritage. This, in monetary terms, can be put at millions of dollars, and is considerably more viewed in terms of knowledge of breeding medicinal plants in cold climates that are being affected by climate change, which its microclimate and ecology present. Given the state's poor resources and the fact that tourism is one of the most important industries for development and conservation, this research assesses the heritage value of the Valley and develops a programme for conservation, including a computerised program for permits, whose value can easily be raised from the current paltry Rs 150 per person. Accompanied by fallow periods and marketing through the Internet to aim for educated tourists, the program ensures that the maximum carrying capacity of the Valley is never exceeded, thus spreading out the number of tourists over its 3.5-month season, while allowing flexibility in booking for chance groups and small families that can pay more.     

我国农业野生植物资源原生境保护区建设现状、问题及未来的思考

我国农业野生植物原生境面临着环境污染、人类农业生产、经济社会发展以及各类违法活动的侵蚀和破坏,建立原生境保护区是保护农业野生植物资源的重要途径之一。基于对当前威胁我国农业野生植物原生境面临的四大因素(自然灾害、农业活动、经济发展、违法活动)的系统梳理的基础上,探讨了现有农业野生植物原生境保护区建设的法规政策体系以及保护区建设现状和存在的主要问题,在此基础上提出了加强保护区建设的几点建议。分析结果表明,当前我国农业野生植物保护区建设存在的主要问题包括:保护区土地权属界定、保护区建设内容限定过窄、忽视保护区管理机构能力建设、对保护区周边农民权益保护不够。为了提高保护区建设工作,文章建议相关部门应该重视以下几个问题:统筹协调行业部门之间的权属差异,重视农业野生植物异位保存工作,修订完善保护区建设技术规范,兼顾保护区民众利益。     

井冈山的珍稀濒危植物及其保护与利用

井冈山分布着国家保护的珍稀濒危植物39种,省级保护59种,井冈山特有分布种10种。这些珍稀濒危植物在医药、花卉、化工原料、木材等方面具有较高的开发利用价值。由于近年来井冈山林区的城市化建设以及人口增加过快等因素的影响,致使许多珍贵稀有植物濒临灭绝,森林生态系统遭到严重破坏。因此,积极保护与合理利用这些资源迫在眉睫。     

Impacts of land-cover change on the water flow regulation ecosystem service: Invasive alien plants,fire and their policy implications

Land and water resource issues typically fall under separate governance systems. For example, agricultural policy regulates land-cover change while water departments regulate water quality. However, land-use changes can directly affect water resources. Water flow regulation is a key service which is affected by changes in land-cover but its dynamics are poorly understood by most policy makers and land management organisations. We simulated and quantified the effects of plant invasions on land-cover, hydrological soil characteristics and catchment responsiveness on flow regulation using a hydrological model. The case study was located in the indigenous fynbos shrublands in South Africa. Fynbos requires fire to regenerate, has moderate biomass, occurs mostly in areas with a potential to erode and is prone to invasion by woody plant species, particularly trees. Invasions can affect flow regulation by changing community structure and function and increasing fuel loads. The greater fuel load increases fire intensity and severity which, in turn, changes the hydrological responses of catchments. Few studies have assessed the effects of invasion on hydrological responses but studies on plantations have recorded significant increases in soil water repellence following fire, resulting in increased overland flow similar to impacts of fires in invaded areas. Simulation of clear-felling of pines and different degrees of water repellency increased both the responsiveness of the catchment to rainfall and extreme rainfall events. The simulated fire effects were consistent with other studies of hydrological responses to fire. Our study indicates that invasions of pines and acacias in the study area could substantially increase the risk of flood damage even from moderate rainfall events, and highlights the importance of maintaining flow regulation capacity. New policy approaches are required which take account of the linkages and interactions between land-use choices, water resources and ecosystem services, and address them when considering governance arrangements.     

我国保护珍稀濒危野生植物资源的法律思考

分析我国珍稀濒危野生植物资源的有关法律法规,阐述法律保护珍稀濒危野生植物资源的立法状况,重点剖析2002年刑法修正案（四）出台的背景及其所规定的“违反国家规定”“国家重点保护的其他植物”相关法律规定,根据司法实践,提出统一国家重点保护植物的刑法概念,统一刑法规定的罪刑相当原则。刑法修正案（四）的出台,有效地补充了1997年刑法在环境资源犯罪立法上的许多缺陷,但是与之配套的司法解释至今尚未出台,因而在司法实践中还不能最大限度地打击破坏珍稀濒危野生植物资源的犯罪行为,结合司法实践中存在的问题,提出完善我国保护珍稀濒危野生植物资源法律体系的建议。     

河南云台山药用植物种质资源研究

目的：系统调查研究河南云台山药用植物资源状况。方法：通过野外实地调查、民间访查、室内标本鉴定、建立凭证标本以及参考相关文献,对云台山药用植物种质资源状况进行研究。结果：云台山有药用植物共计91科,250属,359种,约占河南药用植物的18.29%;根据药用植物的分布特点将其分为北部中低山区、南部丘陵区和平原区。结论：首次系统报道四大怀药之乡河南云台山药用植物资源数字资料,对云台山药用植物种质资源未来的研究工作提出建议。     

沉陷废弃地复垦新途径探讨

研究目的:目前沉陷地复垦的主要形式是以充填覆土为主,但矿区内覆土来源的缺乏严重影响复垦的进行,该研究拟寻求沉陷废弃地复垦的新途径.研究方法:试验分析法.研究结果:粉煤灰与糠醛渣以4:1质量比混配的新型复垦材料,符合部分牧草、草坪、花卉及棉花等植物生长的肥力标准和质量标准.研究结论:该复垦材料为沉陷地的生态修复提供了新的理论和途径,而且实现以废治废,节土造田,降低了成本28.9%.对提高沉陷地的复垦速度,促进经济、社会及生态环境的持续健康发展具有重要的作用.     

美丽的宿根花卉-鸢尾科植物

介绍了鸢尾科植物的种群分布,各个品种的生长特征,观赏特性以及它们在园林绿化、水土保持中的应用。     

白杨派杨树组织培养技术研究

研究结果表明:杨树再生的最适外植体为叶片,愈伤组织诱导最佳培养基为MS+6-BA 0.1mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L愈伤组织诱导率为34.8%;不定芽分化的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA 0.3mg/L+NAA 0.06mg/L,不定芽分化率为44.4%。     

浅析园林植物配置

园林植物配置,又称植物造景或景观种植。植物配置在园林设计中起着非常重要的作用,在运用植物进行配置时,既要考虑植物配置的艺术要求,又要考虑植物配置原则,合理配置园林中的各种植物,以发挥他们的园林功能和观赏特性,创造出优美的景观效果。