中美高新技术产业全球价值链分工地位和竞争力研究

通过测算中美高新技术产业双边贸易规模及结构,探讨两国高新技术产业全球价值链分工地位与竞争力。研究结果表明：中国高新技术产业依附于全球价值链的加工和装配等低端环节,整体竞争力低于美国,但近年来有向价值链上游攀升的趋势;美国高新技术产业主导着全球价值链的研发和设计等高端环节。因此,应当继续提升自主创新能力,推进高水平对外开放,搭建国际技术交流平台,完善高新技术产业发展政策,助推中国高新技术产业实现价值链升级。     

An Empirical Investigation of the Relationships between Ethical Beliefs, Ethical Ideology, Political Preference and Need for Closure

An analysis is presented of the relationships between consumers ethical beliefs, ethical ideology, Machiavellianism, political preference and the individual difference variable "need for closure". It is based on a representative survey of 286 Belgian respondents. Standard measurement tools of proven reliability and robustness are used to measure ethical beliefs (consumer ethics scale), ethical ideology (ethical positioning), Machiavellianism (Mach IV scale) and need for closure. The analysis finds the following. First, individuals with a high need for closure tend to have beliefs that are more ethical as regards possible consumer actions, and score higher on idealism and lower on Machiavellianism, than those with a low need for closure. Second, a correlation exists between political preference and ethical beliefs. Third, a significant relationship exists between ethical ideology and political preference for the two largest political parties. Fourth, individuals with a high and low need for closure have different political preferences for right-wing and left-wing parties.     

非对称合作网络中网络位置与创新绩效的关系——以吉利汽车为例的案例研究

利用扎根理论方法,以吉利汽车为例,对吉利汽车通过全球研发、跨国联盟、内部修炼等在创新合作网络发展的不同时期所占据的不同网络位置与创新绩效的关系进行了研究,并分析了企业家精神在两者间的中介作用。结果表明:占据网络中介和富含结构洞的网络位置能使企业获得更高的创新绩效;在两种不同的网络位置——中心位置和中介位置与创新绩效的关系中,企业家精神均起中介作用。     

Foreign Direct Investment and the External Wealth of Nations: How Important Is Valuation?

While the balance sheet approach has increased the focus on position data, differences in valuation practices for foreign direct investment (FDI) make cross‐country comparisons difficult. To enhance comparability, the IMF's Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, sixth edition, which some countries have already implemented and others will implement in the coming years, recommends seven methods for valuation of unlisted FDI. This paper demonstrates that both the valuation method and simple differences in estimation techniques can fundamentally change a country's financial balance sheet. Using Denmark as an illustration, unlisted FDI equity liabilities vary from 22 to 156 percent of GDP when applying different estimation techniques, but just one valuation method, price to earnings. These measurement uncertainties can lead to important misunderstandings and affect policy recommendations, thus pointing to the need for further international harmonization. While the results are presented in an FDI context, the uncertainties also apply to other macroeconomic datasets, including national accounts statistics.     

基层岗位标准化建设实践探讨

阐述了如何将岗位职责与标准挂钩,更好地解决岗位员工"干什么、怎么干和干到什么程度"的问题,做好基层岗位标准化建设工作。标准化管理工作必须从基层岗位抓起,才能真正取得实效。     

拖拉机总装流水线的时间平衡

本文联系拖拉机总装配的实际,阐述了装配线时间平衡的做法及其所可取得的显著的经济效益。     

市场流通法的法律地位及立法方向

市场流通法是指为了流通整体的安全与效率,以流通过程中发生的人与人之间的经济利益关系为调整对象的法律规范的总和。市场流通法是作用于特定社会经济生活领域的法律,它不同于传统部门法的分类标准,是以特定经济领域为标准进行划分的结果。按照市场流通法调整的社会关系类型,市场流通法属于经济法的范畴,是经济法的特别法。制定市场流通法有助于解决我国市场流通领域存在的流通秩序混乱、流通成本过高、流通管理低效等问题。我国应当充分发挥行业协会了解市场的优势,制定一部适应市场需要、具有较高法律位阶的市场流通法。     

PRICING FOR LARGE POSITIONS IN CONTINGENT CLAIMS

Approximations to utility indifference prices are provided for a contingent claim in the large position size limit. Results are valid for general utility functions on the real line and semi‐martingale models. It is shown that as the position size approaches infinity, the utility function's decay rate for large negative wealths is the primary driver of prices. For utilities with exponential decay, one may price like an exponential investor. For utilities with a power decay, one may price like a power investor after a suitable adjustment to the rate at which the position size becomes large. In a sizable class of diffusion models, limiting indifference prices are explicitly computed for an exponential investor. Furthermore, the large claim limit arises endogenously as the hedging error for the claim vanishes.     

外资企业财务的汇率风险管理分析

近年来,在人民币升值预期的背景下,中国的外资企业面临着前所未有的汇率风险,因此,企业的汇率风险财务管理就具有了重要的理论价值与现实意义。基于外汇资产与负债的敞口风险管理和金融衍生工具的应用,针对外资企业财务的汇率风险进行了深入分析。结合外资企业的经济业务数据,对汇率风险管理进行了实证检验,并对外资企业如何降低汇率风险损失提出了相关的建议。     

中部崛起"龙头"之争及国家区域政策选择

中部各省的经济发展现状、以及东部和西部发展的经验与教训,客观要求中部崛起必须有自己的“领头羊”.正确解读中部崛起“龙头”之争,有助于国家制定科学的区域发展政策.