建立农民基本信贷保障制度统筹推进“三化”建设研究

2009年,《吉林省以财政补贴担保建立农民基本信贷保障制度可行性研究报告》开创性地提出了针对农民贷款过程中抵押物缺乏的解决途径,建议在粮食主产区允许农民以粮食直补资金这一稳定收入流作为担保向金融机构贷款。该建议被采纳,并在吉林省先行先试,并全面推广,取得了良好效果。事实证明,对农民进行信贷支持,有利于加速推进"工业化、城镇化、农业现代化"进程,并实现这一进程的内生、稳定和高效。     

Youth unemployment in South Africa revisited

One of the most pressing socio-economic problems of the South African economy is high youth unemployment. Recent studies only briefly examined how youths have fared since the transition by comparing the 1995 October Household Survey with a Labour Force Survey, and hardly investigated whether the discouraged workseekers are different from the unemployed. This paper re-examined youth unemployment trends in the 2008–12 Quarterly Labour Force Surveys, before comparing the characteristics of discouraged workseekers and narrow unemployed. Whether different policies are needed to boost youth employment in each group is also discussed.     

对浙江省地方政府专利资助政策的思考

文章介绍了浙江省近几年的相关专利政策及现状,并就其出台的原因及存在的问题进行了分析,得出只有认清过高的资助政策产生的本质,然后对症下药,才能最终维护我国专利制度的健康发展。     

The Disparate Nature of Targeted Repurchases: Evidence from Long-Run Performance

Abstract:  We examine the announcement stock returns and long-run performance of 352 targeted repurchases from 1979 to 1998. For those repurchases of blocks that are non-control related we find a positive announcement stock price response and positive long-run stock performance indicating that these repurchases are timed to occur when the company's shares are undervalued and that the market underreacts to this signal. In contrast, for those repurchases of blocks that are control related we find a negative announcement stock price response and insignificant long-run stock performance indicating that these repurchases occur for a different reason. We conclude that control related repurchases are utilized solely to dismiss potential takeover bids and are not timed when the stock is undervalued.     

玉米补贴政策调整对宏观经济的影响*——基于CGE模型的分析

[目的]寻求玉米补贴政策改变对宏观经济和粮食安全的影响,并厘清影响的幅度,寻求玉米政策调整的合理方向。[方法]对现有的中国可计算一般均衡模型进行了改进,引入库存积累、临时存储库存入市、库存销售和顺价机制,加入玉米实物量模块。通过设定政策模拟情景,运用2012年中国投入产出表、农业农村部、中国统计年鉴等资料将数据库进行了更新,对农业部门的玉米补贴减少政策的影响进行了模拟。[结果]降低玉米种植补贴后,玉米种植面积和产量都将改变。短期内,补贴减少将减少财政压力。中长期来看,减少补贴政策将对GDP产生负面影响,且远大于财政补贴减少的幅度。而玉米占经济量的份额很小,玉米相关行业的变化,对宏观经济的影响较弱。[结论]实现去库存、调结构、降低种植面积,进行市场化决策,就要坚持玉米价格市场化改革,注重政策的时效性和针对性,加强信息监测预警。提高政府对玉米市场的宏观调控能力,实施多策并举的政策,有助于实现宏观经济改善,保持农业生产持续健康良好运行。     

精准扶贫场域下技术治理异化的表征与生成

精准扶贫中,国家通过多重发包的数字生产机制解决扶贫对象锚定困难以及扶贫效果难以监测等难题,但在具体执行过程中一定程度上出现了技术治理异化的现象。主要表现为三个方面:重视数据生产而造成数字的悬浮、规避责任而形成应付检查的痕迹管理、强调政府自主性而忽视了社会自主性。本文从“宏观制度—中观组织—微观主体”三重逻辑出发搭建分析框架,以阐释精准扶贫过程中技术治理异化的生成逻辑。研究表明,制度约束、组织推进和主体运作三者耦合造成了精准扶贫过程中技术治理异化的困境。技术治理异化现象侵蚀了基层政府治理的公共性及公信力,应从维护基层政府治理公共性和公信力的角度寻求解决之道。     

政府 R & D 补贴、企业研发实力及其行为效果研究

本文基于政府补贴带来企业的额外行为效应理论,以医药上市公司为样本,研究政府补贴是否促进了企业R＆D投入的增加,企业技术实力是否具有调节效应;以及政府补贴是否具有信号传递效应,能否显著提高企业债务融资水平。研究结果表明,政府补贴与R＆D投入显著正相关;企业技术资产与R＆D投入正相关,研发人员与R＆D投入强度负相关,两者均不显著;研发人员正向调节了政府补贴与R＆D投入之间的关系。政府补贴发挥了积极的信号传递效应,与企业债务融资能力显著正相关。     

农业保险助推乡村振兴战略实施的制度约束与改革

《乡村振兴战略规划(2018—2022年)》把农业保险列为实施乡村振兴战略的"农业支持保护制度",为农业保险发展提供了重要机遇。但目前,我国农业保险在制度层面对接乡村振兴战略提出的更高发展要求还存在差距,法律法规尚不完善;管理体系还不健全;政策目标还不明确;财政补贴制度有待优化;农业保险产品不合需求;市场竞争规则尚未建立;风险保障作用未能充分发挥;大灾风险分散制度仍不健全。基于此,本文提出对接乡村振兴战略要求的农业保险制度改革建议,完善农业保险法律法规;健全农业保险管理体系;明确农业保险政策目标;优化农业保险补贴制度;设计多元化农险产品体系;制定农业保险市场竞争规则;完善农业保险大灾风险分散机制。     

Employee Turnover in International Brand Hotels in Russia: A Comparison of Nationals and Foreign Nationals

ABSTRACT

This empirical study tests the relations between employee turnover and the organizational dimensions of service climate, comparing nationals and foreign nationals in the international brand Russian hotel industry. This study extends the geographic scope of employee turnover to the undertested Russian context. Responses were analyzed using a partial least squares model. Results show that nationals’ and foreign nationals’ responses to model variables diverge. Job insecurity directly affects the turnover intentions of Russian nationals, while its effect for foreign nationals was indirect through organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Compounded indirect effects of turnover antecedents and service climate dimensions are also examined and discussed.     

Strategic trade policy and union-firm bargaining agenda

In this paper, we revisit the issue of the scope of bargaining between duopolistic firms and unions in an open economy with strategic trade policy. It is shown that, in contrast with the case of the absence of export tax/subsidy, a right-to-manage (RTM) arrangement always emerges endogenously as a sub-game perfect Nash equilibrium in agreement between parties. Moreover, such an arrangement may be also Pareto-optimal in both exporting countries in the sense that profits, workers' welfare (provided that union's power is sufficiently high) and social welfare as a whole are higher than the efficient bargaining (EB) arrangement. Moreover, since the government of the country in which there is EB (while in the other country the alternative agenda RTM is used) levies a tax on export, then the conventional result that under quantity competition it is always optimal for exporting countries to subsidise exports may be reversed.