中外政府会计模式的比较及启示

政府实现其职能必须有充足的经济资源作保证,因此需要有相应的会计体系对政府履行其职能过程中所花费的成本与所取得的成效加以确认、计量、记录和报告.新公共管理活动的开展和政府公共受托责任的扩大对政府会计工作提出了更高的要求,西方多数国家都在进行政府会计改革,并已卓显成效.中国目前的预算会计并非政府会计,已不适应时代需要,必须重新构建一个富有中国特色的绩效政府会计体系.     

论推行高校职务聘任制的有效框架

教师评聘工作是高校人事管理的重要组成部分,而高校教师职务聘任制是高校人事制度深化改革的一项重要内容。有效地推行教师职务聘任制需要一个合理有效的框架作支撑。提出了以下基本框架模型:以工作分析,科学设岗为根基;以公开招聘、绩效考评为核心;以激励机制、竞争机制为强化手段,以探讨高效推行教师职务聘任制的科学框架。     

Simulation Analysis of Public Debt and Fiscal Deficit in Austria – Optimal Economic Policies for the Past and the Future

The macroeconometric simulation model AMOD1 and the optimization algorithm OPTCON are used to evaluate fiscal policies for Austria since the late seventies. In particular, the question of optimal (debt stabilizing) fiscal policies for the past and for the future is analyzed within the framework of a medium-scaled simulation model. The first set of optimization experiments aims to assess optimal fiscal policies for debt stabilization for the historical period 1978–2000 while trying to maintain reasonable growth rates of approximately 2 percent of real GDP. Optimal values of the instruments and the targets are compared to empirical data for Austria. A second set of simulations calculates optimal paths for the fiscal instruments for the period 2001-2010, particularly with respect to the criteria of the Stability and Growth Pact, which is mandatory for member states of the Euro zone.     

论银行承兑汇票业务的经营和管理

该文通过对嘉兴市银行承兑汇票业务开展现状的调查,剖析了当前银行承兑汇票在经营和管理中存在的突出问题及成因,并提出了完善和改进银行承兑汇票管理的对策.     

我国土地征用制度探讨

国家为了公共利益的需要,可以依法对土地实行征用,但是这种征用必须符合公共利益、给予公平补偿、满足正当程序的要求。完善我国土地征用制度应该在这三个方面着手。     

资源流动性与经济转型时期的中国地方财政职能

传统财政理论在论述地方财政职能时,都隐含着资源可以在各辖区间充分流动的理论前提,在此前提下,地方政府在宏观经济稳定和再分配方面的作用有限;但是,新近的一些观点对此提出了挑战,而处于经济转型时期的中国地方财政的实际职能也充分地印证了这些新的观点.从长远来看,中国地方财政职能的有效发挥,有赖于中央和地方之间合理地划分事权.在此基础上,经济转型时期的中国地方财政职能才能不断优化,财政支出效率也能得到提高.     

Return and risk in initial public offerings of both shares and warrants

In the past few years there has been an increasing number of new issues of shares of common stock together with warrants intended to raise interest in initial public offerings of relatively young, growing firms. In this study we examine the pricing efficiency of stocks and warrants offered simultaneously to the public as a single unit. We present a model for evaluating the warrants in such offerings and test it empirically against data from the Tel-Aviv Stock Exchange, where such offerings have become standard. We find that the issued units are usually undervalued, allowing for significant abnormal positive returns. But, while the warrants are usually underpriced, the stocks are overpriced. Largely consistent with the evidence from other financial markets around the world, we also find abnormal negative rates of return in the long run.     

IPO anomalies and innovation capital

Innovation capital are typically expensed and/or unrecognized as assets under current generally accepted accounting principles. This results in accounting-related information asymmetry. This paper examines the association of innovation capital (as measured here by the proxies of R&D expenditures and granted patents) and initial public offerings (IPO) anomalies. These anomalies include initial IPO underpricing, duration of honeymoon (a distinct feature of the Taiwanese IPO environment), and long-term performance. The theoretical model underlying this research is a signaling model. The results indicate that more innovative firms are more likely to be underpriced, and have longer honeymoon periods than less innovative firms. Further, the more innovative firms have positive and growing long-term market-adjusted returns. This stands in contrast to the declining long-term stock performance of initial public offering firms that is evidenced in the literature. We conclude that pre-IPO research and development expenditures disclosed in the IPO prospectus, official monthly reports of newly developed patents released to the public, and the frequency of patent citations significantly signal both underpricing and future market performance of IPO firms in Taiwan.     

存款保险法律制度利弊之研究

存款保险法律制度是直接针对银行挤兑和破产倒闭而设计的,目的在于保护存款人的利益,增强公众对银行体系的信心,减少挤兑的可能性。我国建立该制度,将有利于维护金融安全,营造公平竞争的市场环境,完善银行的退出机制,从而提高金融业的效率。     

当前我国国内横向税收竞争的实证分析

目前我国理论研究的不足阻碍了对现实生活中各类税收竞争问题的有效治理。为此,着眼于我国国内横向税收竞争的实践,对其进行总结和归类,剖析其背后的体制与制度原因,评价其经济效应,并由此提出促进我国国内横向税收有序发展的政策措施是必要的。