Supervisor and coworker support: a source congruence approach to buffering role conflict and physical stressors

The buffering effects of supervisor support on the stressor–strain relationship have proven elusive in prior research (Beehr, Farmer, Glazer, Gudanowski and Nair (2003), ‘The Enigma of Social Support and Occupational Stress: Source Congruence and Gender Role Effects,’ Journal of Occupational and Health Psychology, 8, 220–231). We built on emerging work on source congruence and conservation of resource theory to test a series of hypotheses intended to clarify these mixed findings. Using a sample of 768 employees from 45 organizations in North America, results from moderated regression analyses, showed that the effects of supervisor support on the stressor–strain relationship depended on source congruence. In accordance with our predictions, although we found buffering effects for the physical stressors–strain relationship, we found a reverse buffering effect for the role conflict–strain relationship. These differential buffering effects did not emerge when considering coworker support. We discuss the implications of our results for shedding light on the mixed evidence regarding buffering work stressors reported in prior research.     

铁路桥涵结构极限状态法设计检算分析

基于可靠度理论的极限状态设计法已经成为国际工程结构设计的主流方法。通过对既有桥梁、墩台、涵洞等结构采用极限状态设计法进行设计检算,并与容许应力法计算下的受力、变形等结果进行对比分析,校核极限状态法设计规范中相关参数指标的合理性,并对铁路桥涵极限状态法设计规范的修改完善提出相关建议。     

农村大龄未婚男性家庭压力和应对策略研究——基于YC县访谈的发现

通过对中国中部农村的质性访谈,利用扎根理论的三级登录方法,探索性地利用家庭压力理论来解释大龄未婚男性家庭的压力以及可采取的应对策略。农村大龄未婚男性的失婚对家庭在经济上、家庭关系和成员的心理压力上都造成负面影响。研究为提高大龄未婚男性这一弱势群体及其家庭的生活福利,缓解婚姻挤压和促进社会稳定提供理论依据。     

北京市老年人心理压力状况分析

采用自编老年心理压力量表对随机抽取的北京市627位60岁以上老年人做了问卷调查。对老年人心理压力中的健康压力、经济压力、社交压力、家庭关系压力做了分析。国家要加强社会保障制度,社区要积极开展心理健康教育,老年人自身也要保持良好心态,积极应对压力。     

企业管理者工作压力的绩效属性——基于自我效能感的解释

工作压力是一个具有复杂构成特征的过程性框架概念.在明确压力结构要素的基础上,管理者的工作压力可进一步界分为内源压力和外源压力两类.文章通过相关分析发现,对于工作绩效效标而言,管理者内源、外源压力分别呈现良、劣压力属性;而基于回归分析的中介效应检验则表明,管理者的自我效能感在压力和绩效间起中介作用,这部分解释了压力绩效属性的成因和过程机制.文章的研究结论对企业开展管理者的压力管理工作具有重要的启示.     

吸入用布地奈德混悬液雾化联合盐酸丙卡特罗治疗喘息性支气管炎患儿的疗效

目的探讨吸入用布地奈德混悬液雾化联合盐酸丙卡特罗治疗喘息性支气管炎患儿的临床效果。方法选取2018年7月至2020年12月辽宁省健康产业集团阜新矿总医院收治的喘息性支气管炎患儿96例作为研究对象,依据治疗方案不同分为观察组与对照组,各48例。对照组接受吸入用布地奈德混悬液雾化治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用盐酸丙卡特罗治疗,比较两组疗效、症状(三凹征、肺部哮鸣音、喘息、咳嗽)消退时间及治疗前、治疗7d、14d肺功能[潮气呼气中期流速(ME)/潮气吸气中期流速(MI)、潮气呼气峰流速(PTEF)]、血清炎症介质[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]、氧化应激指标[总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)]水平。结果观察组治疗有效率为95.83%高于对照组81.25%(P<0.05);观察组三凹征消退时间、肺部哮鸣音消退时间、喘息消退时间、咳嗽消退时间短于对照组(P<0.05);治疗7 d、14 d观察组ME/MI、PTEF低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗7 d、14 d观察组血清TNF-α、IL-6水平低于对照组(P&...     

安塞油田重复压裂地应力变化分析

水力压裂是低渗透油田开发的主要技术手段。油层岩石地应力的大小和方位决定了压裂裂缝的形态,对油田开发井网部署、工艺的选择有重要的意义。通过老油田加密井的岩芯实验,对重复压裂地应力的变化情况进行了分析,为水力压裂再造梳妆打扮裂缝,提高油层动用程度,改善油田开发效果提供了思路。     

The theory of storage in the crude oil futures market,the role of financial conditions

This study examines the impacts of inventory and financial instability on the basis of the crude oil market. The results show that, first, the basis rises with inventory, and this effect is higher during low inventory regimes. This validates the theory of storage in the crude oil market. Second, the basis rises with financial instability, and this effect is higher during turbulent regimes. These results warn the oil market participants that, to make decisions based on the basis variation, traditionally known as a signal of scarcity or abundance, the underlying cause of the variation has to be considered.     

The pauper wears prada? How debt stress promotes luxury consumption

Being in debt prevails in the modern society, but little is known about the behavioral consequences of being under debt stress. Based on compensatory consumption theory, this paper examined how debt stress affects people's consumption behavior. Through a survey and three lab experiments, we found that: (1) debt stress increases consumers' luxury consumption intentions; (2) perceived status demotion mediates this relationship, such that debt stress leads to perceived status demotion, which in turn enhances consumers' luxury consumption intentions; (3) lay rationalism moderates this relationship, such that the positive relationship between debt stress and luxury consumption is stronger among less rational consumers. We concluded by discussing the theoretical and managerial implications of our findings.     

Being green in a materialistic world: Consequences for subjective well-being

This paper explores the potential negative side-effects of the sustainability movement in societies with large segments of materialistic consumers. Across three studies, there is evidence that a conflict between materialistic and green value profiles can arise in consumers. When it arises, it seems to be related to diminished well-being. Study 1 shows that consumers with a higher value conflict (VC) experienced higher levels of stress. Consumers with higher degrees of stress then reported lower satisfaction with life. Study 2 reveals the underlying process by which this value conflict affects well-being. The results suggest that the value conflict is related to a reduced clarity of consumers’ self-concept (SCC), which in turn is related to increased levels of stress and a lower satisfaction with life. Results of Study 3 show that preference for consistency (PfC) serves as a boundary condition to this effect. The negative effect of VC on SCC is most pronounced among consumers high in PfC, while low PfC consumers seem to suffer less from the negative consequences of a conflict between green and materialistic values. Conceptual and public-policy implications of these results are discussed.