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111.
不可再生资源的最优储备与开发战略控制模型 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
宏观经济系统中,不可再生资源储备与开发的战略决策,是该系统中物流动态发展的基础,更是系统经济可持续发展,并在未来经济竞争中维持资源优势的决定性要不比,在进行了五种战略思考的基础上,构建了四个不可再生资源的最优储备与开发的战略控制模型。 相似文献
112.
We consider a continuous-time stochastic optimization problem with infinite horizon, linear dynamics, and cone constraints which includes as a particular case portfolio selection problems under transaction costs for models of stock and currency markets. Using an appropriate geometric formalism we show that the Bellman function is the unique viscosity solution of a HJB equation.Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):
60G44JEL Classification:
G13, G11This research was done at Munich University of Technology supported by a Mercator Guest Professorship of the German Science Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft). The authors also express their thanks to Mark Davis, Steve Shreve, and Michael Taksar for useful discussions concerning the principle of dynamic programming. 相似文献
113.
We consider an agent who invests in a stock and a money market and consumes in order to maximize the utility of consumption over an infinite planning horizon in the presence of a proportional transaction cost
. The utility function is of the form U(c) = c1-p/(1-p) for p > 0,
. We provide a heuristic and a rigorous derivation of the asymptotic expansion of the value function in powers of
, and we also obtain asymptotic results on the boundary of the no-trade region.Received: July 2003, Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):
90A09, 60H30, 60G44JEL Classification:
G13Work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants DMS-0103814 and DMS-0139911. 相似文献
114.
This paper describes a two-factor model for a diversified index that attempts to explain both the leverage effect and the
implied volatility skews that are characteristic of index options. Our formulation is based on an analysis of the growth optimal
portfolio and a corresponding random market activity time where the discounted growth optimal portfolio is expressed as a
time transformed squared Bessel process of dimension four. It turns out that for this index model an equivalent risk neutral
martingale measure does not exist because the corresponding Radon-Nikodym derivative process is a strict local martingale.
However, a consistent pricing and hedging framework is established by using the benchmark approach. The proposed model, which
includes a random initial condition for market activity, generates implied volatility surfaces for European call and put options
that are typically observed in real markets. The paper also examines the price differences of binary options for the proposed
model and their Black-Scholes counterparts.
Mathematics Subject Classification: primary 90A12; secondary 60G30; 62P20
JEL Classification: G10, G13 相似文献
115.
Cost information sharing with uncertainty averse firms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary. A homogeneous Cournot duopoly with asymmetric information is analyzed. Every firm learns its own marginal cost parameter, but not the marginal cost parameter of the opponent. Every firm can commit to revealing its private information to the other firm, i.e. to share information. The influence of uncertainty aversion on the readiness of the duopolists to share cost information is analyzed. Uncertainty aversion is modeled according to the Choquet utility theory. It is shown that low uncertainty aversion leads the firms to share information, while high uncertainty aversion leads the firms not to share. A simple economic explanation for this result is given.Received: 5 January 2001, Revised: 7 May 2003, JEL Classification Numbers:
D43, D81, D82.I wish to thank Jürgen Eichberger, Volker Krätschmer, Willy Spanjers, seminar participants at Universität des Saarlandes, seminar participants at University College London, participants in the conference of the Verein für Socialpolitik in Mainz 1999 and an anonymous referee for helpful comments. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Central Bank. 相似文献
116.
This paper analyzes how economic deregulation impacts firm strategies and environmental quality in the electric utility industry. We find evidence that the deregulation introduced to this historically staid industry has stimulated environmental differentiation. Differentiation is most likely to appear where its point of uniqueness is valued by customers, and we confirm this relationship in our sample. Specifically, utilities that served customers who exhibited higher levels of environmental sensitivity generated more ‘green’ power. The tendency for firms to differentiate in this way is lessened if they are relatively more dependent on coal‐fired generation or relatively more efficient. Thus, there is evidence that firms sort themselves into either differentiation or low‐cost strategies as the competitive realities of a deregulated world unfold. Deregulation and the ensuing environmental differentiation illustrate how utilities exploited formerly unmet customer demand for green power. The result has been greater levels of renewable generation and, hence, a cleaner environment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
117.
The few existing studies on equity price dynamics and market efficiency for Latin American emerging equity markets show conflicting results. This study uses multiple varianceratio and auto-regressive fractionally integrated moving-average tests and new data (U.S. dollar-based national equity indices for the 1987–1997 period) to clarify these results. Documented evidence shows that equity prices in major Latin American emerging equity markets — Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico—follow a random walk, and that they are, generally, weak-form efficient. In sum, therefore, the evidence suggests that international investors in these markets cannot use historical information to design systematically profitable trading schemes because future long-term returns are not dependent on past returns. 相似文献
118.
We provide a preference foundation for decision under risk resulting in a model where probability weighting is linear as long as the corresponding probabilities are not extreme (i.e., 0 or 1). This way, most of the elegance and mathematical tractability of expected utility is maintained and also much of its normative foundation. Yet, the new model can accommodate the extreme sensitivity towards changes from 0 to almost impossible and from almost certain to 1 that has widely been documented in the experimental literature. The model can be viewed as “expected utility with the best and worst in mind” as suggested by Chateauneuf, Eichberger and Grant (Chateauneuf, Alain, Eichberger, Jürgen, Grant, Simon, 2007. Choice under uncertainty with the best and worst in mind: NEO-Additive capacities. Journal of Economic Theory 137, 538–567) or, following our preference foundation, interpreted as “expected utility with consistent optimism and pessimism”. 相似文献
119.
Lukasz Stettner 《Mathematical Finance》2000,10(2):305-321
Various aspects of pricing of contingent claims in discrete time for incomplete market models are studied. Formulas for prices with proportional transaction costs are obtained. Some results concerning pricing with concave transaction costs are shown. Pricing by the expected utility of terminal wealth is also considered. 相似文献
120.
Yutaka Nakamura 《Economic Theory》2000,16(1):209-218
Summary. Sufficient axioms are identified for the existence of a finite- dimensional quasilinear utility function whose lexicographically
ordered vectors preserve a decision maker's preference order on a mixture set . It is shown that those axioms are also necessary for the linear lexicographic representation when the underlying set is a mixture space.
Received: August 20, 1998; revised version: December 14, 1998 相似文献