台湾农民创业园发展条件、建设进展及推进策略选择——基于浙、闽两省的调查分析

台湾农民创业园是海峡两岸现代农业合作的重要成果与发展创新之一。本文着重从引进台资和优良农业品种、先进生产技术及其经营管理经验等方面,就创业园建设的主要做法与成效问题进行较全面归纳总结,提出促进创业园又好又快发展的配套策略措施。     

新形势下我国农业产业链危机分析

外资在国内的抢购粮食行为再次拉响了粮食安全的警报。文章以农业产业链为对象,分析了在农资供应、粮食生产和购销、粮食加工及制成品销售等方面潜藏的危机。文章从政府扶持、做大做强粮食国企、培植品牌和打击粮食投机等方面探讨了新形势下打造我国安全农业产业链的思路。     

浅议完善和健全我国农村社会保障制度之必要性

农村社会保障制度是国家社会保障的重要组成部分,它关系到广大农民群众的切身利益,是社会稳定与国家长治久安的重要保证。本文从五个方面分析和探讨了完善和健全我国农村社会保障制度的必要性,为各级行政部门下定决心,排除干扰,高度重视并切实有效的解决我国农村社会保障实践中存在的各种问题,提供了理论依据。     

农业产业化龙头企业标准化的思考

农业产业化龙头企业标准化是把先进的科学技术和成熟的经验组装成标准推广应用,融先进的技术、经济、管理于一体,使龙头企业的发展科学化、系统化,从而达到可持续发展。同时,龙头企业标准化可以通过现代农业产业链有效地拉动标准化在整个农业产业化过程中的实施,是现代农业标准化的突破口,是实施"清洁农业"和农产品产地环境保护的重要抓手。文章分析了当前龙头企业标准化在运行机制、宣传贯彻、专业人才、经费、管理、技术水平和标准设置等方面存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策。     

浙江加快农业发展方式转变的战略思考

浙江现代农业发展取得了巨大成就,也面临着许多新的矛盾和问题,加快推进农业发展方式转变的战略路径是要构建新型农业生产经营管理体系、产业功能区体系、产业结构体系、科技支撑体系、要素市场体系、社会化服务体系、安全生产体系、支持保护体系。     

Methods and tools for integrated assessment of land use policies on sustainable development in developing countries

For stimulating sustainable development in developing countries, land use patterns and land use changes are considered critical, and therefore effective and efficient land use policies are needed. In this paper we present a methodological framework that has been developed in a joint European and developing countries project (LUPIS – Land Use Policies and Sustainable Development in Developing Countries), to assess the impact of land use policies on sustainable development in developing countries. An illustrative application is presented for a case study in China, where water pollution due to agriculture in Taihu Basin is a major problem.     

Can farmers extend their cultivation areas in urban agriculture? A contribution from agronomic analysis of market gardening systems around Mahajanga (Madagascar)

The rapid urbanization in developing countries implies an increasing pressure on urban agriculture for production. As most perishable food products come from this agriculture in close proximity to population concentrations, we analysed from an agronomic point of view how market-garden farmers can meet this increasing urban demand. This work took place in the case of Mahajanga, a secondary city with high increasing demographic rate on the Northwest coast of Madagascar. Based on preliminary surveys to characterize the farming systems (on a sample of 91 farms), 11 market-garden farmers chosen in the three main agricultural zones of the urban area were surveyed during two years. Surveys aimed at understanding their decision rules in crop choices, crop allocation to land and resource management, and to estimate their room for manoeuvre to increase their leafy vegetable areas under cultivation. The wholesalers and retailers who buy the farmers’ produce were also surveyed. A previous model of decision rules regarding crop location on farm territory was used to analyse the on-farm surveys and cartographic methods (GIS and on-farm manual representations) were used to quantify the land use. We highlight the following major points. (1) The leafy vegetable production in the surveyed farms already intensively uses land: farmers have complex decision rules largely depending on the water dynamics in the two main environments (lowlands and lakesides) where leafy vegetables are cultivated during the dry season. (2) The scarcity of farmers’ resources (labour money and water) leads to very little internal room for manoeuvre to increase the leafy vegetable production in the farms. (3) At territorial level however, some land reserve exist in one of the lowlands, but not on lakesides. The water availability for agriculture must be better informed through specialized hydrologic studies, as one of the main constraints nowadays to extend the agricultural area. An extrapolation to other cases of urban agriculture is then discussed as well as the role of agronomy to help urban planners to consider the place of agriculture in the urban development.     

基于粮食安全视角的海洋农业发展价值分析

论文从粮食安全的视角分析了我国陆上粮食生产面临的挑战,阐释了现代食物观,认为维护我国粮食安全需要节流开源发展海洋农业,构建现代食物观,通过多种途径维护食物安全;论文阐述了海洋农业的基础地位,指出了其在完善农业产业链条、维护粮食安全体系完整等方面的基础性价值,并提出了发展我国海洋农业的政策建议。     

我国农民增收的财税政策研究

近年来,我国城乡收入差距呈现扩大化的趋势,农民增收缓慢,这在一定程度上影响到了经济的发展和社会的稳定,成为社会关注的焦点。财税政策是政府调节收入分配的最重要的工具之一,是现阶段缩小我国城乡收入分配差距的有效选择。本文结合我国农民收入分配的现状,分析了我国农村财税政策存在的诸多问题及其对增加农民收入的影响,并提出了促进农民增收的若干财税对策。     

扎实推进社会主义新农村建设

文章指出建设社会主义新农村是中国特色社会主义现代化建设的必然要求,是解决"三农问题"的关键所在,要用科学发展观统领社会主义新农村建设.