湖南省休闲农业旅游市场开发研究

休闲农业是农业与旅游业相结合的新兴产业,是社会主义新农村建设的有效途径之一。本文共分三个部分,首先是湖南省休闲农业旅游市场发展概况,其次对湖南省休闲农业旅游者的行为特征进行分析,最后是湖南省休闲农业旅游市场发展的对策。     

Food Processing Business and Agriculture Cooperatives in Japan: Market Power and Asymmetric Information*

Food processing businesses run by agriculture cooperatives (in this paper referred to as food processing cooperatives) are basically firms that are owned by the suppliers of raw materials. Typically, in this type of firm, corporate decision‐making is the responsibility of member farmers through the one member one–vote rule, and the surplus of the business is divided among them according to the amount of raw agricultural products they have supplied to the firm. This is in contrast to a conventional capitalistic firm, in which corporate decision‐making is ultimately made by the stockholders through the one share–one vote rule, and the profit is divided among them according to the amount of financial capital they have supplied to the firm. Based upon statistical data and case studies, the present paper considers some economic factors that might influence the establishment of food processing cooperatives.     

农业信息化发展现状及对策研究——以湘西州为例

文章从湘西州农业经济的基本实情出发,指出发展农业信息化的必要性,分析现阶段湘西州农业信息化发展的现状及存在的问题,最后针对问题提出了相应的对策.     

Chinese Land Reform in Long-Run Perspective and in the Wider East Asian Context

The claims made by Griffin et al. for the impact of land reform in China are unconvincing. The land reform of 1947–52 did not lead to a pronounced increase in agricultural output. Nor was it egalitarian; indeed, but for the deliberate preservation of the rich peasant economy, growth might have been non-existent. The second land reform of 1981–3 was equally ineffectual. Agricultural growth had shifted on to a faster growth path before decol-lectivization, and the surge of 1980–4 was little more than a temporary response to decent weather, procurement price rises, the abandonment of the Dazhai system and a reduction in output under-reporting. Rural income inequality has been held in check since 1984 because of local government intervention, not because family farming is intrinsically egalitarian. China's experience of land reform is mirrored by those of other East Asian countries. A century of land reform has not resolved Japan's deep-seated agricultural problems, nor those of Taiwan and South Korea.     

有政策才会启动政策性农业保险

农业保险新一轮试验和调研在中国保监会的力促下启动两年了,而且批设了三家农业保险公司,但是试验的推进遇到了不小的困难,业务的发展没有预想的那样好.这种局面的关键是政府迄今没有实际动作,而农业保险的第一需求来自于政府,如果政策性保险无＂政策＂,政府的这种需求不可能变成现实有效需求,这种保险是不可能发展起来的.     

区域性生态农业建设的作物配置新策略的研究

本文针对现行作物分类法的局限性，运用农业生态经济系统的功能性原理，提出一种新的作物分类法，以作物生产过程所表现的主体功能为依据将作物分成三大类型即社会型、经济型和生态型，并对每一类型作物的基本特性和增产增效对策进行了系统分析。在此基础上，提出了区域性生态农业建设中农田作物的合理配置的新策略。     

山东各地市农业基础竞争力比较

山东农业具有较强的综合竞争实力,但各市农业竞争能力存在差异是一个不争的事实。文章分别选取各市农业产值,年末耕地总资源,各市主要农业机械年末拥有量,各市灌溉面积,农村用电量,农村电话用户数,农业五税占地方财政收入比例和支援农村生产支出占地方财政支出比例等八个指标,     

Small Banks, Small Business, and Relationships: An Empirical Study of Lending to Small Farms

We examine small banks lending to small farms. We find that relationships, as measured by the length of tenure of farm operators, are positively related to bank lending. We also find that de novo banks have a positive tendency to lend to small farms. When existing relationships between borrowers and incumbent lenders are stronger, de novo banks have greater difficulties in lending to small farms. We further find that, even within the category of small banks, lending to small farms (as a percentage of a banks assets) tends to decrease as the bank increases in size.     

Agriculture and economic development in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia

This paper is a comparative study of the role of agriculturein economic development in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Popularnotions of economic duality and agricultural squeeze in sub-SaharanAfrica are re-examined, and new explanations in terms of agrarianstructures and resource availabilities are put forward to accountfor the apparent economic duality in that continent. Comparisonwith surplus labour economies of Asia highlights the constraintsposed by the prevailing agrarian structures for capital accumulationand industrialisation in post-colonial sub-Saharan Africa. Policyconclusions from this new perspective are contrasted with theconventional policies focusing on price reform and market liberalisation.