对加快我国农业经济发展的思考

农业是我国国民经济的第一产业,国民经济的基础.我国是拥有13亿人口、农村人口约占56%的发展中的农业大国,农业在国民经济中占有基础性的战略地位.农业经济是研究农业中生产关系和生产力运动规律的科学.本文主要从农业经济的重要性以及当前农业在国民经济中的地位出发,研究了国内和国际两个形势,并总结历史经验,提出有针对性和现实操作性的发展思路与建议.     

连锁超市农产品流通与采购优化探讨——基于连锁超市农产品中央采购项目实施的分析

连锁超市农产品本地化采购使连锁超市对农产品的渠道控制能力变弱,制约连锁超市充分发挥其连锁优势,随着连锁超市的快速发展,农产品的中央采购已势在必行.连锁超市农产品中央采购项目实行源头采购,选择优质农产品产地,利用其强大的控制力量,对农产品的生产、加工、流通进行有效监控,保证优质农产品“从田园到餐桌”的安全流通,减少农产品供应链上的中间环节,有效实施“农超对接”.文章针对很多连锁超市农产品中央采购项目实施遇到的各种问题,研究农产品中央采购项目的品种选择和优质农产品产地选择的条件,探讨与优质农产品产地合作的方式以及仓储配送的要求,进而提出质量与价格的联动机制,最后给出对政府配套措施的相应建议.     

新农村建设背景下休闲农业发展探讨——以安徽省芜湖县为例

随着社会经济的发展,休闲农业逐渐融入现代社会生活。以安徽省芜湖县为例,分析其休闲农业的优势、现状,并对存在的问题提出发展思路和对策建议,以促进休闲农业的进一步发展。     

Protein efficiency per unit energy and per unit greenhouse gas emissions: Potential contribution of diet choices to climate change mitigation

The production, transport and processing of food products have significant environmental impacts, some of them related to climate change. This study examined the energy use and greenhouse gas emissions associated with the production and transport to a port in Sweden (wholesale point) of 84 common food items of animal and vegetable origin. Energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for food items produced in different countries and using various means of production were compared. The results confirmed that animal-based foods are associated with higher energy use and GHG emissions than plant-based foods, with the exception of vegetables produced in heated greenhouses. Analyses of the nutritional value of the foods to assess the amount of protein delivered to the wholesale point per unit energy used or GHG emitted (protein delivery efficiency) showed that the efficiency was much higher for plant-based foods than for animal-based. Remarkably, the efficiency of delivering plant-based protein increased as the amount of protein in the food increased, while the efficiency of delivering animal-based protein decreased. These results have implications for policies encouraging diets with lower environmental impacts for a growing world population.     

我国财政支农支出促进农民收入增长的实证分析

实证检验改革开放以来我国财政支农支出对农民收入增长的效应,财政支农支出对农民收入增长具有正的效应,说明财政支农支出在一定程度上促进了农民收入增长。因此,要采取切实措施,优化并扩大我国财政农业支出,从而促进我国农民收入快速增长。     

投入品对我国农业生产影响的实证分析

采用回归分析法对1979～2009年影响我国农业产值变化的主要投入品要素进行分析,结果发现:农用化肥使用量对我国农业总产值的变化有显著的贡献,农用机械总动力对我国农业总产值的变化有正的但不显著的影响,农药使用量在短期而言可促进农业产值增加,但从长期看,农药的使用会导致农业产值下降,相反,农用塑料薄膜施用量对我国长期均衡农业生产总值则有显著的负的影响。     

“十二五”初中国农业发展形势研判

从发展阶段、区域格局、宏观运行和时代符号四个视角,对中国农业发展的宏观形势进行总体研判,从而指出在工业化和城市化主旋律下,在地区发展不平衡与城乡发展不平衡两大问题相互渗透、长期并存的总体格局下,在低碳经济约束下,在经济过热和通货膨胀压力下,中国农业稳定发展的阶段定位、战略机遇、制约因素和发展要点。     

农业面源污染治理与经济发展——以海南省为例

农业的重要地位在海南省十分明显,农业面源污染成为海南省重要的环境问题.通过分析海南省农业面源污染形成途径,建立海南省农业面源污染的评价指标,对海南省农业面源污染做出总体判断.从政策体系、污染治理的综合评价指标体系、激励机制和政府行政管理与公民参与机制四个角度提出了海南省农业面源污染治理的对策.     

Agrarian Crisis and Agrarian Questions in India

This essay reviews five recent books concerned with different aspects of the agrarian crisis and agrarian questions in India. Each book deals, implicitly or explicitly, with specific facets of these issues. Specific regional patterns of highly exploitative agrarian capitalist developments and the role of agro‐commercial capital are analysed by the books. The essay argues that the agrarian crisis is class specific and that the capitalist farming classes are, in the main, able to successfully accumulate, although uneven development across India makes generalization difficult. The review concludes with some overall perspectives on agrarian transition in India.     

试论土地整治与“三农”问题

本文在分析土地整治与三农问题关系的基础上,总结了我国当前土地整治对三农问题的成效与不足,提出了科学编制土地整治规划、加强部门联动,整合涉农资金、加强土地整治环境建设、尊重民意,加强土地整治宣传等促进三农问题解决的土地整治方略,以促进三农问题更好更快地解决。