Mobile diaries – Benchmark against metered measurements: An empirical investigation

Researchers seeking to study the relationships between consumers' communications, attitudes, and behaviors could benefit from monitoring consumers over time, across multiple locations and channels, and in a way that reflects consumers' subjective perceptions. Diaries on smartphones (mobile diaries) can be used as a research tool for such purposes. A mobile diary is a self-report instrument whereby people use their mobile handset to repeatedly report experiences of interest. Mobile diaries are increasingly used in psychology, geography, medicine, and commercial marketing. Yet they have rarely been used for quantitative marketing research, and were not benchmarked against best-practice metrics in marketing.In this study, we aim to set the ground for using mobile diaries in quantitative marketing research. We first lay out the theoretical infrastructure for the usage of mobile diaries, and describe possible respondent reporting concerns, including concerns related to non-reporting, reporting over time, and concerns stemming from individual-level heterogeneity.We demonstrate the potential of mobile diaries, as well as the importance of the various concerns, using a benchmark test case in the context of primetime TV viewing. Our benchmark uses a sample of respondents with both mobile diary viewing reports and Nielsen People Meter (NPM) records. Our analysis reveals that averaging across all conditions, 47.4%–64.7% of the NPM records are reported by the diary. The major sources for mismatch are random time periods without alarms, short viewings, and periodic reporting inactivity (pulsing). Concerns such as a decrease in reporting rates over time (e.g., fatigue), smartphone ownership, and demographic variation across individuals have relatively small effects on reporting likelihood. Analyzing the cases in which diary reports do not have a matching NPM record, we find many of them can be attributed to out-of-home viewing and viewing on non-metered devices. This finding demonstrates how mobile diaries can complement metered measurements. Overall, aggregate diary-based ratings have a 0.90 correlation with NPM ratings.We discuss implications for designing and using mobile diary studies in marketing.     

Measuring the shopper's attitude toward the point of sale display: Scale development and validation

In Europe alone, marketers invest several hundred million of Euros in marketing activities at the point of sale every year. A prominent role is assigned to display promotions. However, despite their large practical importance, surprisingly, there is no measure to pre-evaluate different displays and their design facets so that the display which reached the best pre-evaluation results may be identified and, if poor rated facets were found, those may be altered before production and rollout of the display in question. Therefore, this paper develops and validates a scale to measure the shopper's attitude toward a point of sale display reflecting all relevant facets of a display from the shopper's point of view. Examination of the scale led to satisfactory results in terms of reliability, validity, and its predictive power for purchase intention. Summarizing, the scale can help to improve display designs prior to rollout, thus, enhancing the efficiency of display promotions.     

国际产业资本流入与中国“刘易斯拐点”出现的关系分析

当前,国际产业资本加速向中国转移,同时"刘易斯拐点"在中国出现已经广受认可。本文从理论上论证了国际产业资本促进"刘易斯拐点"出现的作用机制,应用计量分析方法检验了国际产业资本与第一、第二产业就业的相关性,检验结果表明,国际产业资本促进了第一产业就业减少和第二产业就业增加,一定程度上解释了"刘易斯拐点"的出现可能与国际产业资本向中国加速转移有着紧密的联系。     

Anchor Points, Reference Points, and Counteroffers in Negotiations

Based on the theoretical assumptions that counteroffers are generated through an anchoring-and-adjustment process and that offers are perceived as gains or losses relative to a reference point, predictions were made of how, in a price negotiation, the size of counteroffers vary with proposed selling prices and reservation prices. The predictions were confirmed in two experiments. In Experiment 1, 64 undergraduate students of business administration playing the role of buyers of condominiums were presented proposed selling prices and asked to give a counteroffer which a hypothetical seller would accept or reject. A reference point was induced by telling subjects their reservation price. Before giving a counteroffer subjects were asked to indicate whether it was higher or lower than an arbitrary anchor point. In four different groups of subjects, high vs. low reference point was crossed with high vs. low anchor point. The results showed as expected that the counteroffers were higher for a high than for a low anchor point, and higher for a high reference point when the anchor point was perceived as a gain than for a low reference point when the anchor point was perceived as a loss. In Experiment 2 in which another 48 undergraduate students of business administration participated, the anchor points were the proposed selling prices and the reference point (reservation price) was manipulated by providing estimates of the market price. The results were as predicted, thus suggesting that the proposed selling prices operated as anchor points and that the estimated market prices affected the reservation prices (reference points) so that the selling prices and estimated market prices jointly affected the counteroffers.     

科学发展观与税收政策取向

贯彻落实科学发展观,需要重新全面审视我国当前的税收政策。本文认为,以科学发展观为指导构建社会主义和谐社会是我国税收政策的根本取向;适度降低制度税负应该是当前和今后一个时期我国税收政策的宏观取向。据此,本文提出了我国目前税收政策具体取向的若干思考。     

中国特色社会主义理论体系的世界历史语境解读

无论是中国特色社会主义理论体系的初步建构,还是对它的成熟形态和发展前途的解读,都不能脱离世界历史语境。在此语境下分析,中国特色社会主义理论体系的逻辑起点是社会主义的本质论,是关于人的解放和发展的理论。该理论体系的本质内涵包含三个方面,即人的解放和发展的方向．即进行现代化的建设;人的解放和发展的原则,即坚持社会主义;人的解放和发展的客观要求,即保持中国特色。从宏观层面分析,中国特色社会主义理论体系就是关于两制共存时代中国社会建设和发展的理论,它有着极大的发展空间,而当两制共存时代结束后,它必定在完成历史使命后退出历史舞台,届时也将会有新的世界性理论形态出现。     

第五次全国人口普查表长表抽样方法

20 0 0年第五次全国人口普查首次采用了普查表长短表技术。论述了人口普查长短表技术的特点、组织实施方法、长表抽样方法以及长表抽样误差分析     

农业地域功能的时空格局与演进特征 ——以106国道沿线典型样带区为例

研究目的：揭示不同时间段农业地域多功能的地域差异和演进特征,提出农业地域多功能协同发展的对策,为科学引导地区分工、强化主导功能、凸显地域价值、促进区域协调发展提供科学依据。研究方法：农业地域多功能性指数计算模型,农业地域多功能演变的时空差异诊断模型,Gi*指数模型。研究结果：（1）农产品供给功能提升幅度较大,其重心进一步向平原农区集中;京津冀都市区、邯郸经济区劳动力就业和社会保障功能大幅度提升;山地丘陵区生态保育功能进一步凸显;文化传承和休闲功能优势区向各市辖区及其周边县域集中。（2）京津冀都市区、邯郸市及其周边地区为多功能指数热点区,而京津冀都市区与邯郸经济区之间的县市以及样带河南段大部分县市为多功能指数冷点区。研究结论：106国道沿线典型区不同类型区农业地域主导功能定位不同,需借助财政转移支付、生态补偿、粮食补贴等政策手段引导地域功能与社会经济需求、地域资源禀赋相适应,促进主导功能区建设和区域协调发展。     

强化食品抽样检验推动食品安全深度监管

做好食品抽样检验工作是确保食品质量和安全的关键,本研究对目前国内食品抽样检验管理现状进行了分析,针对食品安全抽样检验管理存在的问题提出要强化制度建设、强化技术团队建设、制定统一检测标准等方法,并提出进一步深化改革食品安全抽样检验管理办法,旨在保障公众食品安全,提高食品抽样监管力度.