The incremental time costs of children: An analysis of children's impact on adult time use in Australia

Abstract

Raising children takes both time and money. Scholars have sought convincing ways to capture the costs of children, but even when these estimates include indirect costs, such as mothers' foregone earnings, they fall short of the true time costs involved. This paper uses data from the 1997 Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Time Use Survey to study how the allocation of time differs across households with varying numbers and ages of children and how households with children differ from those without children. It also examines the intra household division of time resources, showing how childcare, related unpaid work, and the total market and non-market workloads compare for a couple in the same household. It includes secondary activity in an analysis of total parental time commitments to give a more accurate picture of the time cost of children than is possible on the basis of analyzing “primary” activities alone.     

浅谈二次内部装修审核中出现的问题

以二次内部装修工程审核中发现的排烟、安全疏散等问题为例,结合实际情况以及国家规范、上海地方标准对上述问题提出了相应的整改对策。     

上海市中高职院校英语口语教学现状调查与分析——以上海市商贸职教集团成员学校为例

本调查通过对上海商贸职教集团成员学校英语口语教学现状的信息采集与整理,指出中高职学校在英语口语的教学方面存在着诸如学习情感、教学方法、教学资源及教学评价等方面的问题,并就培养学生的学习兴趣、夯实语言知识基础、关注学习者差异、改进教学方法与评价方式及关注中高职教学内容的衔接等方面提出了针对性建议。     

高职助产专业学生职业防护认知调查分析

为了解高职助产专业学生对职业防护的认知，给职业防护教育提供对策，采用问卷方式对黄石理工学院高职学院在校108名助产专业学生进行调查，结果为助产专业学生对职业防护的认识普遍较差。99．07％的学生认为开设职业教育课程很重要，且认为学校和医院应同时做好职业防护教育工作。提高助产专业学生的自我防护意识，降低危险因素对他们的伤害，学校、医院和带教教师对此问题应予以重视。     

电子废弃物循环利用技术现状

电子废弃物是一种宝贵的二次资源,但是如果处理不当将会造成资源浪费和严重的环境污染.介绍了电子废弃物的特点,以及国内外电子废弃物的处理技术现状.     

On the choice of support of Re-descendingψ-Functions in linear models with asymmetric error distributions

InM-estimation of the regression parameter vector in the linear model, we discuss the choice of the support of certain re-descendingψ-functions for both cases when the distribution of the i.i.d. errors is partially known and when it is completely functionally unknown. Research supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.     

陕西省农村中小学体育师资队伍现状调查

笔者针对陕西省农村中小学体育师资队伍现状进行了调查研究,结果表明:陕西农村中小学专职体育教师数量不足,教师学历结构偏低,年龄结构有待于优化,体育教师工作量相对较大,随着教师待遇的提高师资流失情况有所好转。并在此基础上提出加快陕西农村中小学体育师资队伍建设的对策。     

Journal Articles of Interest from Other Disciplines

The authors describe the present state of economic education in Japan. There is a larger number of undergraduate students who major in economics, but their purpose of studying economics and their economic literacy differ. Precollege economic education is regulated by the course of study and limited by the poor ability of teachers to teach the economics content.