自重压杆稳定性问题分析

利用传递矩阵法和拟合法,分析了自重压杆的稳定性问题,计算出了临界自重荷载。文章探讨了自重压杆稳定时外加荷载与自重荷载的关系,得出了临界压力近似计算公式。     

A systematic literature review of utility weights in wet age-related macular degeneration

Abstract

Objective:

The objective of the study was to conduct a systematic review of utility weight estimates relevant to economic models for wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD).

Methods:

A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and EconLit was performed (January 1995–December 2010) and then updated (October 2010–May 2012; February 2012–July 2013) identifying articles reporting utilities in patients with wAMD and visual impairment. Extracted studies were also assessed for compliance with the NICE reference case.

Results:

Of 2415 articles identified from the searches, 212 articles were reviewed in full, and 17 selected for data extraction. Most studies used time trade-off (TTO) techniques to estimate utilities; other methods included standard gamble, EuroQoL Health Questionnaire 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D); Short-Form 6D Health Status Questionnaire (SF-6D); and Health Utilities Index Mark III (HUI3). Correlation between utility estimates and visual acuity (VA) differed between the instruments. Time trade-off methods were more sensitive to VA changes than standard gamble methods. HUI3 estimates were most highly correlated with VA changes, followed by TTO; no trend was observed between VA and EQ-5D or SF-6D utility weights. Six of the 17 studies complied with the NICE reference case.

Conclusions:

Several instruments have been used to elicit utilities from patients with wAMD. Because TTO methods were more sensitive to VA changes than standard gamble and HUI3 estimates were most highly correlated with VA changes, TTO and HUI3 may be suitable methods for economic evaluations in these patients. The EQ-5D and SF-6D were poor indicators of the impact of VA on HRQL.     

Influence of the High-Speed Rail on the Spatial Pattern of Regional Tourism – Taken Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Rail of China as Example

This paper compares volumes, flows, and spatial patterns of traffic before and after the opening of the high-speed rail (HSR) link between Beijing and Shanghai. Evidence emerges of a significant change in the shape of isochrones within the region. Under the influence, the temporal and spatial distance between the source region and tourist destination is greatly reduced. Equally, multiple contact modes are more apparent and the overall structure of tourism flow network is closer after the opening of the HSR service. As can be seen from the above, the HSR has a significant impact on regional tourism traffic accessibility and then has a significant on the temporal and spatial distribution of regional tourism resource. The tourism flow will respond positively to the “space compression” effect.     

Books Reviewed

Books reviewed:
Levin, Simon A., Fragile Dominion: Complexity and the Commons
Dinar, Ariel, (ed.) The Political Economy of Water Pricing Reforms
Easter, William K., Mark W. Rosegrant, and Ariel Dinar, Markets for Water: Potential and Performance
Tylecote, Andrew, and Jan van der Straaten, (eds.) Environment, Technology and Economic Growth: The Challenge to Sustainable Development
Carlton, Dennis W., and Jeffrey M. Perloff, Modern Industrial Organization
Stavins, Robert N., (ed.) Economics of the Environment: Selected Readings     

Lose like a man: body image and celebrity endorsement effects of weight loss product purchase intentions

Abstract

Recent research suggests men are increasingly concerned with their body size, which has led to a corresponding increase in marketing efforts for weight loss products geared toward them. In many cases, these ads include athlete endorsers of the product. Drawing from the match-up hypothesis and social comparison theory, this study employed structural equation modeling to explore relationships between men’s body image, endorser credibility, advertisement believability, and purchase intentions for weight loss products using two advertisements featuring former professional athlete endorsers. Results indicate an inverse relationship between consumer body image and athlete endorser credibility, such that individuals with lower body image perceived the endorsers as more credible. Further, athlete endorser credibility was positively associated with advertisement believability, which itself was associated with purchase intentions. These findings suggest that athlete endorsers are an effective tool in marketing weight loss products to men, particularly those with negative body image. Further implications and directions for future research are discussed.     

无序数据集的向量化编码

改进了由P.Courrieu于2001年提出的基于范德蒙矩阵的无序数据集的向量化编码方法,证明该编码具备可逆性。     

Unhealthy and unsafe practices associated with symptoms of depression among injured patients

This study describes a process to explore factors which contribute to child-drowning deaths and allows the development of appropriate strategies to prevent similar deaths in a selected site in the Northern Philippines. Data collection techniques used in obtaining baseline data include: review of drowning mortality records; key informant interviews; focus group discussions; and community walk-throughs. Risk factors identified which could or did contribute to drowning events were: proximity to bodies of water; inadequate child supervision; lack of information/awareness of prevention strategies; and lack of drowning prevention programme(s). Measures on how to prevent drowning deaths were explored and initial interventions were implemented through a committee convened by the community. These interventions include: community education sessions; capability building measures; redesigning of community wells; development of playpens; and use of barriers. Community engagement is a crucial element in the development and implementation of any health programme. This study demonstrates that by engaging and working with the community action occurs, however, there is a need to conduct further evaluation activities to determine if the actions by the community continued beyond the project and have resulted in a decrease in drowning. One of the strengths of the process described is that it is culturally appropriate and site-specific and allows the community to find the solutions itself. Exploration and delivery of further projects in larger areas is required to reduce drowning in the Philippines. An imperative is the evaluation which will provide valuable information on whether barriers are a sustainable and acceptable means of prevention to the community in the long term.     

近10年外商在华直接投资的空间分异及成因分析

首先选取2000—2009年的相关数据分析了我国三大地区FDI的基本情况,然后从投资数量和相对增值率两个方面分析得出我国FDI的空间分异的特征,最后利用2010年的相关数据从市场、产业集聚效应、成本、GDP等4种因素分析了影响我国FDI空间分异的原因。     

大型国有企业面临中国入世的空间行为

本文首先分析了中国入世后对国有企业运营环境的影响，接着根据对农机、电气、食品、家用电器、纺织等行业在全国有重要影响的6家大型国有企业调查数据，分析了这些企业在市场发展、技术开发、原材料采购和与区域关系4方面的空间行为。     

基于前后台分离的乡村旅游集团化结构研究

将前后台分离原理引入乡村旅游区的规划与经营,提出了一种新的旅游区空间构成模式和运营方式。即在集团经营的基础上对乡村旅游区进行前后台分离并将部分后台业务剥离出来构建统一的旅游后台业务共享中心,实现后台业务的集约化甚至产业化,以有效解决乡村旅游目前存在的资源浪费、环境污染和服务质量不稳定等问题。并从环境、服务质量和经营成本三个主要因素出发,通过建立定量模型论证了前后台分离模式在乡村旅游发展中的可行性和成本优势。