供应商整合对新产品绩效的影响——技术不确定性的调节作用

文章研究供应商整合对新产品绩效的影响,并检验技术不确定性对二者关系的调节作用。通过大样本调查收集数据,运用结构方程模型对整体结构模型进行拟合分析和假设检验,运用分层回归分析法检验技术不确定性的调节作用。研究结果表明:灰箱供应商整合对新产品引入速度、新产品创新性均具有正向影响;黑箱供应商整合对新产品引入速度具有负向影响,对新产品创新性具有正向影响;技术不确定性对灰箱供应商整合与新产品引入速度、灰箱供应商整合与新产品创新性之间关系均具有正向调节作用;技术不确定性对黑箱供应商整合与新产品引入速度之间关系具有负向调节作用,对黑箱供应商整合与新产品创新性之间关系无显著调节作用。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定豆芽中4-氯苯氧乙酸、6-苄基腺嘌呤残留量的不确定度评定

目的:建立高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定豆芽中4-氯苯氧乙酸(4-CPA)、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)残留量的不确定度评定方法.方法:建立数学模型,分析实验过程中不确定度因素的主要来源.结果:豆芽中4-CPA含量为(9.06±0.86)μg·kg-1(k=2),6-BA含量为(9.41±0.88)μg·kg-1(k=2)....     

Market Liberalization,Regulatory Uncertainty,and Firm Investment

This paper analyzes the effects of regulatory uncertainty regarding labor costs on investment in a liberalized market. We distinguish between the external investment margin (market entry) and the internal investment margin (technology), and establish that regulatory uncertainty affects these margins differently, encouraging market entry, but discouraging technological investment. As a consequence, the impact of regulatory uncertainty on competition in liberalized markets is a combination of these two countervailing forces.     

Oil shocks,policy uncertainty and stock returns in China

This paper examines the interdependence of China's policy uncertainty, the global oil market and stock market returns in China. A structural VAR model is estimated that shows that a positive shock to economic policy uncertainty in China has a delayed negative effect on global oil production, real oil prices and real stock market returns. Shocks to oil market‐specific demand significantly raise China's economic policy uncertainty and reduce the real stock market returns. As measured by a spillover index, the interdependence between these variables has been rising since 2003 as China's influence in the oil market has increased. An equivalent spillover index calculated for the US is smaller and has been largely flat over time.     

贸易自由化是如何影响我国出口产品质量的？*--基于贸易政策不确定性下降的视角

传统理论认为贸易自由化会促进出口产品的质量升级,但我国加入W TO后的情况却并非如此。文章基于贸易政策不确定性的视角,利用我国加入W TO前后美国对我国产品进行关税调整这一自然实验,通过倍差法分析了贸易自由化对我国出口产品质量的影响。研究表明：（1）在贸易自由化的过程中,贸易政策不确定性的下降会拉低我国的出口产品质量,且这一结论在改变质量测度方法、控制成本效应以及使用不同的产品属性、贸易对象和样本的情况下依然稳健;（2）贸易政策不确定性主要是通过广延边际上的质量调整降低了我国出口产品的总体质量,即在贸易政策不确定性下降幅度越大的产品中,有越多的生产低质量产品的企业进入出口市场;（3）在集约边际上,存续企业并未针对贸易政策不确定性的下降做出及时的产品质量调整,从而无法改变我国的产品质量在短期内下降的趋势。文章为我国如何在推行贸易自由化的同时实现出口产品质量升级提供了启示。     

社会认同理论视角下的企业创新绩效前因组态研究

创新是企业竞争优势的重要来源,也是企业可持续发展的关键动力。探究企业创新的影响因素及其作用机制对于企业创新发展具有理论价值和现实意义。基于社会认同理论,本研究建立包含团队断裂带、团队异质性、环境不确定性以及企业声誉等要素在内的企业创新影响机制模型。通过对66家电子信息企业样本进行模糊集定性比较分析,本研究探究企业内部结构与外部环境的各个要素对于企业创新的协同效应与联动关系。研究发现: 高企业创新绩效的驱动路径有三条,路径1强调在高环境不确定性、高企业声誉情境下,低高管团队学术背景异质性及低断裂带距离有利于实现高企业创新绩效;路径2强调在高环境不确定性、高企业声誉情境下,高团队学历异质性与低断裂带强度有利于实现高企业创新绩效;路径3强调在高环境不确定性、低企业声誉情境下,高团队断裂带强度与低团队断裂带距离有利于实现高企业创新绩效。研究结果拓展了社会身份理论在企业创新领域的应用,也为企业创新绩效的提升提供了新的思路。     

Exchange rate uncertainty and US bilateral fresh fruit and fresh vegetable trade: an application of the gravity model

In order to analyse the effect of exchange rate uncertainty, we apply an empirical gravity equation to two sets of US bilateral trade data: fresh fruit over the period 1976–1999 for a panel of 26 countries; and fresh vegetables over the period 1976–2006 for a panel of nine countries. Based on panel estimation methods, and using both a moving SD measure and the Perée and Steinherr (1989) measure of exchange rate uncertainty, the results show that US bilateral fresh fruit trade has been negatively affected by exchange rate uncertainty. We also find some evidence that the exchange rate between the US dollar and the currencies of Latin American trading partners accounts for most of the negative impact of exchange rate uncertainty on bilateral trade flows in fresh fruit. In contrast, when using panel estimation methods and both measures of exchange rate uncertainty, we find no statistically significant evidence for any negative effect of exchange rate uncertainty on US bilateral fresh vegetable trade. However, we do find a statistically significant negative effect for exchange rate uncertainty when we estimate a US export gravity equation for fresh vegetables using the same panel of countries.     

Economic uncertainty and corruption: evidence from a large cross-country data set

A vast amount of research has considered numerous causes and correlates of corruption. Also, there have been many studies of the consequences of various forms of uncertainty. However, exploration of the nexus between economic uncertainty and corruption appears scarce. After providing an intuitive and heuristic linkage between general economic uncertainty and corruption, this article uses a large cross-country data set to augment a fairly standard model with simple proxies for uncertainty and to investigate how economic uncertainty might affect the prevalence of corruption. In addition, a quantile-regression framework is used to judge how the strength of various covariates may differ with the level of corruption. Seven main points emerge from the estimates. First, economic uncertainty is associated positively with corruption, and the relation seems to be robust across measures of uncertainty and corruption. Second, quantile-regression estimates indicate considerable parametric heterogeneity across the distribution of corruption. Third, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita has the expected corruption-mitigating role. Fourth, increased political rights and civil liberties also appear to lower corruption. Fifth, greater government consumption is associated with lower corruption. Sixth, while the hyperinflation dummy lacks significance in most OLS regressions, its significance varies across the distribution of corruption. Seventh, neither police force nor government subsidies shows significance, but transition economies have more corruption.     

Competitive balance versus competitive intensity before a match: is one of these two concepts more relevant in explaining attendance? The case of the French football Ligue 1 over the period 2008–2011

The aim of this article is to investigate the determinants of attendance at French football Ligue 1 matches over the period 2008–2011 with an emphasis on examining the effects of both competitive balance and intensity before a match. Competitive balance is measured by the point difference between the two teams concerned by a match in the championship. Competitive intensity is measured by the point difference for the home team in relation to ranks with sporting stakes. Results show that competitive balance has an insignificant impact whereas competitive intensity has a significantly positive impact. Implications are drawn.     

The Limits of Organizational Change

The paper builds on the Marxist concept of exploitation to explore the meaning of the Post Keynesian notion of uncertainty. Uncertainty is mediated by institutions and is distributed unevenly among different social groups. As different historical social formations entail different institutional structures, the distribution and nature of uncertainty will also differ. The social configurations between class relations and uncertainty are analyzed for the capitalist, feudal and slave modes of production. It is demonstrated that modes of production do not only imply specific exploitative relations but also different relative distributions of uncertainty amongst classes. The joining of Marxian and Post Keynesian approaches allows for a richer understanding of exploitive relations and illuminates the full societal impact of uncertainty. It is shown that only in capitalism is the exploited class exposed to a substantial degree of economic uncertainty.