福建省三次产业对经济增长的贡献分析

本文利用1979-2008年福建省的地区生产总值及第一、二、三产业增加值的时间序列数据,测算了改革开放三十多年来各产业增长对经济增长的贡献。结果表明福建省经济的增长主要是由第二产业拉动的,其次是第三产业,最后是第一产业,其中第二产业对经济增长的贡献率达到了惊人的52.54%。在第二产业内部结构中,工业对经济增长的贡献率是建筑业的30倍。本文据此提出相关建议。     

EMPIRICAL ESTIMATION OF NON-LINEAR INPUT–OUTPUT MODELS: AN ENTROPY ECONOMETRICS APPROACH

Despite theoretical advances, non-linear input–output models have been empirically applied only to a limited extent. This is mainly due to the fact that the number of parameters to be estimated is much higher than the number of available data points. Taking advantage of the recent proliferation of input–output databases and by applying an estimation strategy that relies on entropy econometrics, this paper suggests a way to estimate the parameters that characterize non-linear relationships between inputs and output. This non-linear modelling allows for considering time-specific input coefficients, instead of fixed ones. Several types of multipliers can be derived from this non-linear model, and the proposed generalized maximum entropy (GME) estimator allows estimating them from time series or cross-sectional datasets of input–output tables. The proposed GME technique is illustrated by means of an empirical application that estimates the parameters that characterize a non-linear input–output model for the Spanish economy over the period 1995–2011.     

ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF POLICY RESTRICTIONS ON WATER WITHDRAWALS FROM SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND SOURCES

The appropriation of water for economic activities is limited by regional surface and underground endowments, and symptoms of environmentally unsustainable withdrawals are already visible in many regions of the world. In this paper we investigate the economic implications of water policy imposing source- and region-specific restrictions on water withdrawals taking the Mexican economy as a case study. We use an inter-regional input–output model of Mexico's hydro-economic regions to allocate production subject to the availability of water and other factors of production. Water sustainability requires a reduction of 7.5?km³/yr of groundwater withdrawals, which is compensated by an increase of 3.4?km³/yr of surface water, an expansion onto an additional 1.4 million hectares of rainfed land, and modifications in subnational patterns of food trade. This framework for evaluating scenarios describing sustainability-oriented water policies is readily applicable to other regions.     

我国油气资源税由从量计征改为从价计征的政策效应——基于双重差分法的计量分析

基于双重差分法,对西部地区油气资源税由从量计征改为从价计证的政策效果进行评估,以单位产值能耗、污染排放量和人均资源税收入作为政策效果变量,实证研究表明,油气从价税改革促使西部地区单位产出能耗相对于样本均值下降了7.90~8.55个百分点,污染排放量减少约1556吨,人均资源税收入相对于样本均值增加了2.74~3.03个百分点,通过采用不同处理方法进行稳健性检验后,以上结论仍然成立。     

要素市场分割对货币政策区域产出效应的影响——基于全国省际静态面板数据的实证研究

在区域经济结构改革的背景下，要素资源的不完全流通性加剧了货币政策区域非对称性。本文使用2003-2015年省际面板数据回归分析要素市场分割对我国货币政策区域产出效应的影响，认为要素市场分割对我国货币政策产出效应产生了抵消作用。而后对比东中西部地区抵消效应发现：在扩张性货币政策条件下，资本品需求规模和收益率更高，劳动力市场更加活跃、再配置空间更大的东部地区，要素市场分割对货币政策效应的抵消作用更大。     

我国区域间产业竞争力比较研究

产业竞争是市场经济和区域竞争最基本的表现之一，具有竞争优势的产业或产业群的形成是区域经济发展的核心，区域产业结构调整的最终目的是为了提高在区域间的产业竞争力。本文通过研制的区域间投入产出联结模型，比较和分析了我国各区域各产业在各区域市场中的占有率情况，以揭示我国当前区域间产业竞争力的总体状况和表现。     

Domestic demand and global production in the Eurozone: A multi-regional input-output assessment of the global crisis

This paper studies the effects of domestic and foreign demand impulses in euro area economies following the Great Recession of 2008–2009 and the Eurozone crisis of 2011–2012. Using a global Input–Output framework we apply a set of metrics to assess spillover effects of international trade in intermediates triggered by the dynamics of final demand. Our findings suggest that while cross-country trade spillovers have played a crucial role during the Great Recession, they have had a moderate impact when compared with the role of domestic sources of final demand during the Eurozone crisis. Hence, a strategy of coordinated fiscal austerity cannot be sustained by empirical evidence.     

未预期货币政策冲击与股票价格

货币政策影响股票价格的理论机制清晰确凿,实证检验的主要挑战是资本市场对货币政策冲击可能存在事先预期。基于货币政策公告后的国债收益率变动,文章识别了未被市场充分预期的货币政策冲击,并实证考察了 2000 年以来历次法定存款准备金率调整和贷款基准利率调整,发现未预期货币政策冲击对股票市场价格产生显著影响,1% 的未预期“降准”会引起上证指数和深证综指上涨 1.39% 和 1.415%,1% 的未预期“降息”会引起上证指数和深证综指上涨 0.662% 和 1.01%。     

佛山市绿色创新促进经济高质量发展路径研究

在研究佛山市绿色创新投入、产出变化规律的基础上,应用NDDF模型测算佛山市2010—2019年10年间的绿色创新效率,并与珠三角其他城市进行对比,归纳和凝练佛山市绿色创新的特点。结果表明,佛山五区的创新投入差异较大,非期望产出情况并不理想,且佛山市绿色创新水平处于珠三角较后位置。佛山市还需进一步促进各区绿色创新协同发展,对各区实施差异化管理,进一步加大人才培养及节能减排力度。     

Trends in Agricultural Incomes: An Analysis at the Select Crop and State Levels in India

India's agricultural sector is at a crossroads, facing challenges of stagnation in crop yields, non‐remunerative prices, falling crop incomes and tardy responses from public service systems. There are reports of peasant suicides due to non‐profitability of farming. However, scant empirical evidence is available on changes in real income and wages in the Indian agricultural sector. The present study uses data from the National Accounts Statistics and Cost of Cultivation Surveys to analyse the changes in real income and discusses the underlying reasons. The study reveals that the purchasing power of farmers has remained low and has worsened over recent years. The value of crop output has increased, but a disproportionate rise in input costs has resulted in a fall in crop incomes in several states, with the agriculturally developed Punjab being an exception. Interestingly, real wage rates for agricultural labour have shown an increasing trend, indicating improvement in the welfare of labour.