草地保护利用制度的调查研究——基于西乌珠穆沁旗的调查

近年来,在草原牧区为保护和改善草地生态环境而采取的各种制度和政策得到了广泛实施。这些制度和政策本身的运行现状如何,其对草地资源利用与保护以及牧户经营会产生什么样的影响,已成为学术研究的热点。文章通过实地调研,阐述草地资源和畜牧业生产状况,深入分析草地保护利用制度的运行机制,并提出了相应的时策。     

突发公共卫生事件的 应急医疗资源配置研究——基于网格化管理和大数据平台

应急医疗资源是应对突发公共卫生事件最重要的物质基础和保障。在对前人研究进行总结的基础上,分析了目前我国在突发公共卫生事件时应急医疗资源调配机制的不足和网格化管理应用到资源配置中的可行性和优越性,以此将大数据平台和网格化管理模式引入到应急医疗资源的配置研究中。在对应急医疗资源的配置过程进行网格化模型设计的基础上,根据我国应急医疗资源配置的需要和特点,确定了网格系统中的基本单元,即网格划分,并选择五层沙漏模型作为突发公共卫生事件时应急医疗资源配置的网格模型架构,以期完善我国的应急资源管理体系,进一步提高我国在突发公共卫生事件时应急医疗资源的调配和管理水平。     

资源税费改革:理念与走向

2010年,中国在新疆和西部地区率先进行了资源税改革。本文对资源税费改革的有关问题,如西部资源税改革成效、资源税改革与石油特别收益金的关系、资源税费改革与资源综合利用、资源税费改革与国有资源补偿机制、资源税费改革与国有经济改革等进行了深入探讨,厘清了一些理论问题,有助于人们更好地认识资源税费改革。     

论政策执行中的人力资源管理

公共政策执行中的人力资源管理指的是在公共政策践行中建立健全人力资源的选拔、培训、激励、监督等运行机制,激励和挖掘人才潜能,使人力资源在公共政策执行中得到有效开发、合理利用和优化配置。目前我国公共政策执行中人力资源管理存在着管理体制僵化,人治现象严重,用人中的不正之风犹存,人才结构失衡等问题。因此,在人力资源管理中,应树立以人为本管理理念,建立学习型组织,创立良好的用人环境,加强人力资源开发与培训,建立健全激励机制。     

中国耕地资源动态变化剖析

本文根据《中国土地管理总览》等相关资料 ,对中国耕地资源在数量、质量两方面的历年动态变化进行了系统分析 ,在此基础上 ,对这两方面发生动态变化的原因和实现其持续利用的措施等进行了有益的探讨。     

江苏省耕地资源可持续利用研究

对江苏省耕地资源在数量、质量两方面的历年动态变化进行了系统分析，对该省耕地资源存在的数量减少、质量恶化的原因和实现其可持续利用的建议和对策等进行了探讨。     

War and economy. Rediscovering the eighteenth-century military entrepreneur

Abstract

The detrimental effects traditionally assigned to warfare in the development of pre-industrial economies have obscured the prominent role that military entrepreneurs played in economic development in this period. Historiography minimises the extent to which war and the concomitant strengthening of the central state provided a whole new range of opportunities for capital investment, a tendency that has been strengthened by the paradigm of Redlich’s ‘decline of the soldier-entrepreneur’ and the technological determinism of the debate on the Military Revolution among others. The aim of this introduction is to look into the background of this relative lack of interest and to reaffirm the mutual dependence of eighteenth-century state-formation and the business of war.     

中国—东盟生物多样性廊道内遗传资源的知识产权保护

中国—东盟自由贸易区内生物遗传资源丰富,但随着区域内经济的发展,生物多样性遭到了威胁,为此双方酝酿建设中国—东盟生物多样性廊道。当前廊道内遗传资源面临盗掘滥用、外来生物入侵、孤立保护、利益归属不清晰等问题。必须把廊道内遗传资源保护同知识产权制度结合起来,加强跨国遗传资源的知识产权保护合作,完善廊道内各国遗传资源的立法和管理体制,并加快廊道内遗传资源的普查、登记、注册等基础工作。     

Social Context,Management, and Organizational Performance: When human capital and social capital serve as substitutes

Do internal (administrative human capital) and external (social capital) resources work to reinforce the effects of each other? Work from multiple disciplines has approached this question, and we advance this literature with a theory of social and administrative resources as potential substitutes for each other in the production of public education outcomes. We argue that social capital benefits some groups more than others and that it interacts with management to improve performance. We therefore expect the benefits associated with social capital to be non-uniform across community groups. Using education as our area of study, we find that social capital offers the most direct and unconditional benefits to white students but that management can use human capital resources to compensate disadvantaged students who may lack support and resources outside of the classroom. We do not find support for the expectation that social capital and human administrative capital reinforce the benefits of each other, but we find evidence that the two resource types are substitutable. This implies that management may substitute human capital resources when social capital is low to benefit public program performance.     

Participation in export and Chinese firms’ capacity utilization

This paper first sets up a firm heterogeneity trade model and shows that given capital stock and productivity, export firms will have higher rates of capacity utilization. In addition, given capital stock and fixed export costs, firms with higher productivity are more likely to export. I then use the 2012 Chinese enterprise survey from the World Bank to empirically investigate the impact of participation in export on Chinese firms’ capacity utilization rate. The results show that on average, export firms have capacity utilization rate 1.55–2.01 percent higher than non-export firms, which amounts to 14.6–18.9 percent of the standard deviation of capacity utilization rate in the sample. I also find that firms with a larger part of shares owned by the government have lower capacity utilization. Stronger market competition leads to over-investment and therefore lower capacity utilization rate. Faced with more rigorous labor market regulation, firms will substitute capital for the use of labor, resulting in higher capacity utilization rate.